James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury
| The Most Honourable The Marquess of Salisbury KG, PC | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Lord Privy Seal | |
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In office 27 February 1852 – 17 December 1852 | |
| Monarch | Victoria |
| Prime Minister | The Earl of Derby |
| Preceded by | The Earl of Minto |
| Succeeded by | The Duke of Argyll |
| Lord President of the Council | |
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In office 26 February 1858 – 11 June 1859 | |
| Monarch | Victoria |
| Prime Minister | The Earl of Derby |
| Preceded by | The Earl Granville |
| Succeeded by | The Earl Granville |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil 17 April 1791 |
| Died | 12 April 1868 (aged 76) |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Conservative |
| Spouse(s) |
(1) Frances Gascoyne (c. 1806–1839) (2) Lady Mary Sackville-West (1824–1900) |
James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, PC (17 April 1791 – 12 April 1868), styled Viscount Cranborne until 1823, was a British Conservative politician. He held office under the Earl of Derby as Lord Privy Seal in 1852 and Lord President of the Council between 1858 and 1859. He was the father of Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and grandfather of Arthur Balfour – who also served as Prime Minister.
Background
Salisbury was the son of James Cecil, 1st Marquess of Salisbury, and Lady Emily Mary Hill, daughter of Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire.[1]
Political career
Salisbury entered the House of Commons in 1813 as Member of Parliament for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis, a seat he held until 1817,[2] and then sat for Hertford between 1817 and 1823.[3] In the latter year he succeeded his father in the marquessate and entered the House of Lords. He served in the Earl of Derby's first two cabinets as Lord Privy Seal in 1852[4] and as Lord President of the Council between 1858 and 1859.[5] He was sworn of the Privy Council in 1826[6] and made a Knight of the Garter in 1842.[7]
Apart from his political career he also served as Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex between 1841 and 1868.[8]
Family
Lord Salisbury was married twice. His first marriage was on 2 February 1821 to Frances Mary Gascoyne (c. 1806 – 15 October 1839), daughter of Bamber Gascoyne of Childwall Hall, Lancashire, and his wife Sarah Bridget Frances Price. A biography of her by Carola Oman appeared in 1966.[9] The couple had six children, including the following:
- James Emilius William Evelyn Gascoyne-Cecil, Viscount Cranborne (29 October 1821 – 14 June 1865), died unmarried.
- Lady Mildred Arabella Charlotte Gascoyne-Cecil (21 October 1822 – 18 March 1881) married Alexander Beresford Hope and had children.
- Lord Arthur Gascoyne-Cecil (19 December 1823 – 25 April 1825) died in infancy.
- Lady Blanche Mary Harriet (5 March 1825 – 16 May 1872) married James Maitland Balfour, mother of Prime Minister Arthur Balfour.
- Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (3 February 1830 – 22 August 1903), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times between 1885 and 1902, married Georgina Alderson and had children.
- Lieutenant-Colonel Lord Eustace Brownlow Henry Gascoyne-Cecil (24 April 1834 – 3 July 1921), married Lady Gertrude Louisa Scott and had children.
Lord Salisbury's second marriage, on 29 April 1847, was to Lady Mary Catherine Sackville-West, daughter of George Sackville-West, 5th Earl De La Warr and Elizabeth Sackville-West, Countess De La Warr, with whom he had five children:
- Lord Sackville Arthur Cecil (16 March 1848 – 29 January 1898) died unmarried.
- Lady Mary Arabella Arthur Cecil (26 April 1850 – 18 August 1903) married Alan Stewart, 10th Earl of Galloway.
- Lady Margaret Elizabeth Cecil (1850 – 11 March 1919) died unmarried.
- Lord Arthur Cecil (3 July 1851 – 16 July 1913) married Elizabeth Ann Wilson and had children; he married, secondly, Frederica von Klenck.
- Lieutenant-Colonel Lord Lionel Cecil (21 March 1853 – 13 January 1901) died unmarried.
Lord Salisbury died in April 1868, aged 76, and was succeeded as marquess by his third, but eldest surviving son, Robert. The Marchioness of Salisbury died in December 1900.[1]
Styles of address
- 1791–1813: Viscount Cranborne
- 1813–23: Viscount Cranborne MP
- 1823–26: The Most Honourable The Marquess of Salisbury
- 1826–42: The Most Honourable The Marquess of Salisbury PC
- 1842–68: The Most Honourable The Marquess of Salisbury KG PC
External links
References
- 1 2 thepeerage.com Sir James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury
- ↑ leighrayment.com House of Commons: West Lothian to Widnes
- ↑ leighrayment.com House of Commons: Hertford to Honiton
- ↑ "No. 21296". The London Gazette. 27 February 1852. p. 634.
- ↑ "No. 22103". The London Gazette. 26 February 1858. p. 1019.
- ↑ leighrayment.com Privy Counsellors 1679–1835
- ↑ "No. 20090". The London Gazette. 12 April 1842. p. 1017.
- ↑ leighrayment.com Peerage: Saatchi to Sandys
- ↑ The Gascoyne Heiress: The Life and Diaries of Frances Mary Gascoyne-Cecil, 1802-39 (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1968). Retrieved 7 August 2012.
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Sir John Murray Thomas Wallace John Broadhurst Henry Trail |
Member of Parliament for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis 1813–1817 With: John Murray Masterton Ure Christopher Idle |
Succeeded by John Murray Masterton Ure Christopher Idle Adolphus Dalrymple |
| Preceded by Edward Cowper Nicolson Calvert |
Member of Parliament for Hertford 1817–1823 With: Nicolson Calvert |
Succeeded by Nicolson Calvert Thomas Byron |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by The Earl of Minto |
Lord Privy Seal 1852 |
Succeeded by The Duke of Argyll |
| Preceded by The Earl Granville |
Lord President of the Council 1858–1859 |
Succeeded by The Earl Granville |
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by The Duke of Portland |
Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex 1841–1868 |
Succeeded by The Duke of Wellington |
| Peerage of Great Britain | ||
| Preceded by James Cecil |
Marquess of Salisbury 1823–1868 |
Succeeded by Robert Gascoyne-Cecil |
Authority control  |
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