Indian Institutes of Management

Ahmedabad
Bangalore
Indore
Calcutta
Kozhikode
Lucknow
Shillong
Ranchi
Rohtak
Raipur
Tiruchirappalli
Kashipur
Udaipur
Nagpur
Sirmaur
Amritsar
Gaya
Sambalpur
Visakhapatnam
Jammu
Location of the 20 functioning (green) IIMs.

The Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) are a group of 20 public, autonomous institutes of management education and research in India. They primarily offer postgraduate, doctoral and executive education programmes. The establishment of IIMs was initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, based on the recommendation of the Planning Commission.[1][2]

IIMs are registered as societies under the Indian Societies Registration Act.[3] Each IIM is autonomous and exercises independent control over its day-to-day operations. However, the administration of all IIMs and the overall strategy of IIMs is overseen by the IIM council. The IIM Council is headed by India's Minister of Human Resource Development and consists of the chairpersons and directors of all IIMs and senior officials from the Ministry of Human Resource Development of the Government of India.[4][5]

The two-year Post Graduate Programme in Management (PGP), offering the Post Graduate Diploma in Management (PGDM), is the flagship programme across all IIMs.[6][7][8] These post graduate diploma programmes are considered equivalent to regular MBA programmes. Some IIMs also offer a one-year Post Graduate diploma Programme for graduates with more work experience.[9][10] Some IIMs offer the Fellow Programme in Management (FPM), a doctoral programme. The Fellowship is considered to be equivalent to PhD globally.[11] Most IIMs also offer short-term executive education/EMBA courses and part-time programmes. Some IIMs also offer unique programs, like IIM Indore's Five Year Integrated Programme in Management[12] and IIM Lucknow's Working Managers’ Programme of three years.[13]

Institutes

Indian Institutes of Management (in order of establishment)
Serial noNamePhotoShort NameEstablishedLocationState/UTWebsite
1Indian Institute of Management CalcuttaIIM-C1961KolkataWest Bengaliimcal.ac.in
2Indian Institute of Management AhmedabadIIM-A1961AhmedabadGujaratiima.ac.in
3Indian Institute of Management BangaloreIIM-B1973BangaloreKarnatakaiimb.ac.in
4Indian Institute of Management LucknowIIM-L1984LucknowUttar Pradeshiiml.ac.in
5Indian Institute of Management KozhikodeIIM-K1996KozhikodeKeralaiimk.ac.in
6Indian Institute of Management IndoreIIM-I1996IndoreMadhya Pradeshiimidr.ac.in
7Indian Institute of Management ShillongIIM-S2007ShillongMeghalayaiimshillong.ac.in
8Indian Institute of Management RohtakIIM-R2010RohtakHaryanaiimrohtak.ac.in
9Indian Institute of Management RanchiIIM-Ranchi2010RanchiJharkhandiimranchi.ac.in
10Indian Institute of Management RaipurIIM-Raipur2010RaipurChhattisgarhiimraipur.ac.in
11Indian Institute of Management TiruchirappalliIIM-T2011TiruchirappalliTamil Naduiimtrichy.ac.in
12Indian Institute of Management KashipurIIM-Kashipur2011KashipurUttarakhandiimkashipur.ac.in
13Indian Institute of Management UdaipurIIM-U2011UdaipurRajasthaniimu.ac.in
14Indian Institute of Management NagpurIIM-N2015NagpurMaharashtraiimnagpur.ac.in
15Indian Institute of Management VisakhapatnamIIM-V2015VisakhapatnamAndhra Pradeshiimv.ac.in
16Indian Institute of Management Bodh GayaIIM-BG2015Bodh GayaBihariimbg.ac.in
17Indian Institute of Management Amritsar IIM Amritsar2015AmritsarPunjabiimamritsar.ac.in
18Indian Institute of Management SambalpurIIM Sambalpur2015SambalpurOdishaiimsambalpur.ac.in
19Indian Institute of Management SirmaurIIM Sirmaur2015Sirmaur districtHimachal Pradeshiimsirmaur.ac.in
20Indian Institute of Management JammuIIM Jammu2016JammuJammu and Kashmiriimj.ac.in

Indian Institute of Management Calcutta was the first IIM to be set up, on 13 November 1961. Its main campus is located in Joka, in the outskirts of the city of Calcutta.[14] IIM-C is the only IIM (and the only business school in India) which is triple accredited: its programmes are accredited by AACSB, AMBA and EQUIS.[15]

Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad was the second IIM to be set up, on 16 December 1961.

Indian Institute of Management Bangalore, the third IIM to be established, was set up in 1973. Its main campus is located in Bilekahalli, Bangalore.

Indian Institute of Management Lucknow is the fourth IIM to be established, in 1984.[11] In addition to its primary campus in Lucknow, it has an additional campus in Noida.

Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode, the fifth IIM, was established in 1996[16] and started its first batch of students in 1997. IIM Kozhikode was the first institute in Asia to offer a distance learning programme in management for working executives.

Indian Institute of Management Indore, the sixth IIM, was established in 1996.[17] Its 193 acres (78 ha) campus is located on at Rau, near Indore.[18] IIM Indore offers a unique course for armed forces officers, designed particularly for mid-level defence officers.[19]

Indian Institute of Management Shillong, formerly Rajiv Gandhi Indian Institute of Management, was the seventh IIM established, following a 2005 decision by the Government of India.[20] The foundation stone of the institute was laid on 1 December 2007[21] and started its academic session from 2008–'09.[11][22]

Indian Institute of Management Rohtak, the eighth IIM to be inaugurated,[notes 1] was the first of the six IIMs established in 2010–2011 as part of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan[23][24] It was inaugurated and started operation on 30 June 2010 with IIM Lucknow as mentor, from a temporary campus at Maharishi Dayanand University.[25]

Indian Institute of Management Ranchi, the ninth IIM to be established in 2010 with IIM Calcutta as its mentor,[notes 1] started operations on 6 July 2010.[26]

Indian Institute of Management Raipur, the tenth IIM, was inaugurated on 11 October 2010. It was mentored by IIM Indore.[27] It currently operates at the Government Engineering College Raipur. Construction of the permanent campus has started on August 2011.[28]

Indian Institute of Management Tiruchirappalli, the eleventh IIM, was inaugurated on 4 January 2011. It was mentored by IIM Bangalore and operates temporarily from the campus of National Institute of Technology, Trichy. It would be shifting to its permanent campus spread across 175 acres in January 2017.[29] It also has its campus in Chennai which offers program in Business Management for executives.

Indian Institute of Management Kashipur, the twelfth IIM, started operation in July 2011, under the mentorship of IIM Lucknow.[30][31] The foundation stone for the permanent campus in the Escorts Farm Area of Kashipur, Uttarakhand, was laid in April 2011.[32]

Indian Institute of Management Udaipur, the thirteenth IIM, started operation in July 2011 from a temporary campus at the Mohanlal Sukhadia University.[33] Initially proposed to be slated under the mentorship of IIM Indore, the institute is the first new IIM working autonomously since its inception in 2011.[34] Construction of the permanent campus has begun, and the first phase would be complete by April 2016.[35]

Indian Institute of Management Nagpur',' the fourteenth IIM, commenced operations in 2015 under the mentorship of IIM Ahmedabad. The institute is operating out of a temporary campus VNIT, with its own permanent campus under development and expected to be ready in 3–4 years.

Indian Institute of Management Visakhapatnam',' the fifteenth IIM, commenced operations in 2015 under the mentorship of IIM Bangalore. The institute is operating out of a temporary campus from Andhra Bank School of Business Building in Andhra University campus, with its own 300 acre permanent campus under development at Gambheeram and is expected to be ready in 3 years. The students in IIM Visakhapatnam follow the PGP curriculum of IIM Bangalore and will be taught by the faculty members of IIM-B.[36]

Indian Institute of Management Bodh Gaya the sixteenth IIM, is located in the sprawling campus of Magadh University (Bodh Gaya). Till its 118-acre permanent campus comes up, IIM Bodh Gaya will operate from the state-of-the art Institute of Distance Education building of the Magadh University. The newly constructed boys and girls hostel are already in place. IIM Bodh Gaya is being mentored by the IIM Calcutta (the oldest IIM in the country). In effect, students in IIM Bodh Gaya follow the PGP curriculum of IIM Calcutta and will be taught by the faculty members of IIMC. They partake of the academic rigor for which IIMC is known for. In all other respects, IIM Calcutta assists IIM Bodh Gaya.

Indian Institute of Management Amritsar is temporarily located in the campus of Government Polytechnic College, till its own 60 acre permanent campus comes up at Manawala on Amritsar-Jalandhar GT Road. IIM Amritsar is being mentored by the IIM Kozhikode, is the seventeenth IIM.

Indian Institute of Management Sambalpur the eighteenth IIM is temporarily located in the campus of Silicon Institute of Technology, Sason. Its own 200 acre permanent campus coming up at Basantpur. IIM Sambalpur is being mentored by the IIM Indore.

Indian Institute of Management Sirmaur started operation in 2015. It was being mentored by IIM Lucknow till 2018.[37] It is temporarily located in the campus of Himachal Institute of Technology, in Paonta Sahib till its own 200 Acre permanent comes up at Dhaulakuan.

Indian Institute of Management Jammu started operation in 2016. It is being mentored by IIM Lucknow. It is temporarily located in the campus of Government College of Engineering and Technology, Jammu at the old university campus.

History

After India became independent in 1947, the Planning Commission was entrusted to oversee and direct the development of the nation. India grew rapidly in the 1950s, and in the late 1950s the Commission started facing difficulties in finding suitable managers for the large number of public sector enterprises that were being established in India as a part of its industrial policy. To solve this problem, the Planning Commission in 1959 invited Professor George Robbins of UCLA to help in setting up an All India Institute of Management Studies. Based on his recommendations, the Indian government decided to set up two elite management institutes, named Indian Institutes of Management. Calcutta and Ahmedabad were chosen as the locations for the two new institutes.[38]

The institute at Calcutta was established first, on 13 November 1961,[39] and was named Indian Institute of Management Calcutta or IIM Calcutta. It was set up in collaboration with the MIT Sloan School of Management, the government of West Bengal, the Ford Foundation and the Indian industry.[40] The institute at Ahmedabad was established in the following month and was named Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad. Like MIT Sloan in the case of IIM Calcutta, Harvard Business School played an important role in the initial stages of IIM Ahmedabad.[41]

In 1972, a committee headed by Ravi J. Matthai took note of the success of two established IIMs and recommended the setting up of two more IIMs. Based on the committee's recommendation, a new IIM was established in Bangalore (IIM Bangalore) the next year,[42] originally intended to cater exclusively to the needs of public sector enterprises.[38] In 1981, the first IIM Review Committee was convened to examine the progress of the three existing IIMs and to make recommendations. The committee noted that the three IIMs were producing around 400 PGP graduates every year and that they had reached their optimum capacity. It proposed the opening of two more IIMs to meet the rising demand of management professionals. It also recommended expanding the Fellowship programmes, similar to PhD programmes, to meet the growing demand of faculty in management schools in India. The fourth IIM (IIM Lucknow) was established in 1984 based on the committee's recommendation.

Two more IIMs were established at Kozhikode and Indore in 1996.[43][44] IIM Shillong was the seventh IIM to be established, following a 2005 decision by the Government of India.[45] The foundation stone of the institute was laid on 1 December 2007[46] and started its academic session from 2008–'09.[11][47] Since 2007, fourteen new IIMs have been set up, taking the total number of IIMs to 20, IIM-Jammu being the latest one started in 2016.

The Union Cabinet, on 24 January 2017, approved the Indian Institute of Management Bill, 2017 which declares IIMs as Institute of national importance and enables them to grant degrees and further bring many other important changes to the institute.[48] The IIM bill was passed by the Lok Sabha on 28 July 2017[49] and by the Rajya Sabha on 19 December 2017.[50] After receiving the presidential assent, the IIM bill has become an Act on 31 December 2017.[51] [52]

Academics

The IIMs mainly offer postgraduate, doctoral and executive education programmes. Some programmes offered by all IIMs are similar; however, some IIMs offer unique programmes for specialised purposes.

Postgraduate education

All IIMs offer a two-year full-time Post Graduate Programme in Management (PGP), equivalent to Master of Business Administration (MBA).[53][54][55] . The programme is considered the flagship programme of IIMs, and awards the Post Graduate Diploma in Management (PGDM) to successful candidates. This programme usually starts in June and runs till April of the second year. The PGP is a general, fully integrated management programme with no specialisation, and typically includes courses in Accounting, Behavioural sciences, Finance, Economics, Human Resource Management (HRM), Management Sciences and Information Technology, Marketing, Business operations, Business Mathematics, Public Policy, Statistics and Decision Analysis, Strategy and General Management. It is usually structured into six trimesters spread across two years. The first year coursework generally consists of core courses in various management disciplines, while in the second year students are allowed to select courses from an exhaustive list of electives.

Since 2006, some IIMs have started offering one-year full-time post graduate diploma programmes for professionals having approx. 5 years of experience or more. This program was necessitated because the normal 2-year program is primarily aimed at fresh graduates or graduates with less than 4–5 years of work experience. These 1 years programmes are general, fully integrated management programmes with no specialization, and typically includes courses in Accounting, Behavioural sciences, Finance, Economics, Human Resource Management (HRM), Management Sciences and Information Technology, Marketing, Business operations, Business Mathematics, Public Policy, Statistics and Decision Analysis, Strategy and General Management like a typical 2 year MBA program. These intensive programmes typically require 75 credits or around 750 hours of class room teaching along with projects and other course work as in a normal global 2 year MBA program.[56]

Designed as a regular MBA programme which focuses on using the prior experience of the class, the one year MBA is named differently by different IIMs. It is called the Post Graduate Program for Executives by IIM Calcutta and IIM Shillong (PGPEX in short), (PGPX in short) by IIM Ahmedabad and IIM Udaipur, Executive Post Graduate Programme (EPGP) by IIM Bangalore and IIM Indore, International Programme in Management for Executives (IPMX) by IIM Lucknow. The exact structure, admission criteria and other details vary for these programmes. However, all these programmes admit only candidates with approx. 5 or more years of professional experience and usually use a combination of GMAT score, essays and personal interviews as the entry criteria similar to other globally reputed MBA programmes. The median GMAT score of the batches at IIM Bangalore is usually around 710.[57]

IIM Calcutta offers a Post Graduate Diploma in Computer aided Management (PGDCM) programme. This course, which was started in 1994, is similar to the regular PGDM programme, but with a special emphasis on Information technology and its business applications. It is aimed at creating business professionals who know how to apply Information and communication technology (ICTs) in business management. Most of the PGDCM coursework is integrated with the regular PGDM framework, and both PGDM & PGDCM are considered as part of the PGP programme. IIM Ahmedabad and IIM Lucknow offer a two-year Post Graduate Programme in Agribusiness Management (PGP-ABM) programme. This is essentially an MBA programme with a specialisation in Agribusiness. IIM Ranchi offers a post graduate programme specialized in Human Resources, called the Post Graduate Diploma in Human Resource Management (PGDHRM).[58]

Since July 2005, IIM Lucknow is also offering the Three Year Post-Graduate Programme in Management for Working Executives (also known as Working Managers Programme) from its Noida Campus. It aims at developing strong conceptual fundamentals and skills required to manage businesses of the future. The WMP aims to help to inculcate leadership and teamwork amongst participants, and foster the development of change agents to take leadership roles in the global area.[59]

IIM Calcutta offers a specialised executive MBA programme called the Post Graduate Programme for Executives for Visionary Leadership in Manufacturing (PGPEX-VLM) jointly with IIT Kanpur and IIT Madras. It is a one-year, rigorous programme with a heavy focus on the manufacturing sector.

Doctoral education

The Fellow Programme in Management (FPM) of IIMs is a full-time Doctoral level programme in management. This programme is aimed at preparing students for careers in teaching or research in different disciplines of management, as well as for careers outside academics that demand a high degree of research and analytical abilities. A student who completes this programme at any IIM, where (s)he is registered as a doctoral scholar, is awarded the title of Fellow of that institute (e.g. Fellow of the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta). This Fellow Program is equivalent to the Doctor of Philosophy degree. However, students receiving such a fellowship every year, across all IIMs, work in close association with one another in a specific research area of their choice.

Executive education

Many IIMs offer executive education certificate programmes targeted at working professionals. These are often short-term and/or part-time programmes and are known by various names such as Management Development Programme (MDP), Advanced Masters Program in Management of Global Enterprises (AMPM), and Executive General Management Programme (EGMP). The certificate programmes at IIMs are not considered as equivalent to the MBA or EMBA. Only the diploma level programmes are considered as equivalent to an MBA or EMBA depending on whether it is full-time or part-time. Many IIMs like IIMC, IIMB, IIMK, IIM kashipur & IIM Rohtak have partnered with 3rd party companies to enable these courses to be provided in distributed model.

Other programmes

Some IIMs offer specialised programmes targeted at various segments. IIM Ahmedabad offers a six-month, full-time programme called the Armed Forces Programme (AFP) aimed at military personnel. IIM Ahmedabad and IIM Bangalore offer full-time programmes in public management and are called the Post Graduate Programme in Public Management and Policy (PGP-PMP) and Post Graduate Programme in Public Policy Management (PGPPM) respectively. IIM Bangalore offers a two-year, part-time[60] programme called the Post-Graduate Programme in Software Enterprise Management (PGPSEM), an executive general management education programme designed for the specific needs of professionals working in the software and information technology industry. IIM Indore offers a 5-year Integrated program in Management (IPM) that is a combined undergraduate-cum-graduate diploma.[61] IIM Ranchi is the first and only IIM to offer a full-time Post Graduate Diploma in Human Resource Management (PGDHRM) programme.[58]

Admission process

Different programmes of IIMs follow different admission processes. Admission for residents of India to the flagship two-year PGP programmes at all IIMs is based on the Common Admission Test (CAT). CAT scores are often used as the primary short-listing criteria for admissions. International/overseas applicants have the option to apply using GMAT scores in lieu of CAT scores.[62] GMAT scores are a prerequisite short-listing criteria used for admission to the one year full-time programme for experienced executives.[63][64] Test requirements for doctoral programmes vary, some IIMs require candidates to make a presentation of a broad research idea or take a 'Research Aptitude Test (RAT)' followed by round(s) of interview while all compulsorily accept scores from standardised tests such as the CAT, GATE, GMAT and GRE. The overall profiles of candidates including past academic and professional accomplishments are considered for all programmes along with valid standard test scores. Some programmes require essays and academic and/or professional recommendations. The final round of admission evaluations involve an interview, before which some IIMs conduct other evaluation processes like written assessment tests and group discussions.

Entrance exam

The Common Admission Test (CAT) is a management aptitude test conducted by the IIMs primarily as an evaluation tool for admission to their two-year PGP programmes. It is widely considered as one of the most competitive exams in the world,[65] with a success rate of around one in two hundred.[66] Even with the addition of new colleges, in 2013 the acceptance rate at IIM was 1.714%, one of the lowest kind in the world.[67]

Originally conducted as a paper-and-pencil test on a particular date all over India, CAT is now conducted as a computer-based assessment operated by Prometric since 2009.[68] However, in the year 2014 TCS bagged a 5-year contract to conduct the test. The online test is now spread over a period of few weeks.

In August 2011, the six newer IIMs (Raipur, Rohtak, Ranchi, Udaipur, Trichy and Kashipur) announced that in the coming year they will replace the GD round with a common written analysis test to evaluate communication and comprehensive skill. The seven older IIMs did not announce plans to change the admission process.[69]

The admissions for the two years full-time programme is done by shortlisting based on GMAT scores in conjunction with candidate profile suitability. This is followed by evaluation of essays and a panel interview round. The quality of prior work experience and future leadership potential is a critical factor in the selections.[70][71][72]

Reservation policy

IIMs also follow the affirmative action policy as per the provisions of the Indian constitution. As per the provisions, 15% of the seats are reserved for students of Scheduled Castes, and 7.5% seats for Scheduled Tribes. The Other Backward Classes have also been given 27% reservation since 2008 after the Supreme Court of India upheld the validity of government regulation. It is being implemented in a phased manner due to resource constraints. All aspirants have to appear for Common Admission Test which consists of an Objective type Exam, Group Discussion and Personal Interviews, though the requirements for reserved category candidates can be lower than the general cut-off standard. Once admitted to the course, a reserved category student also has to meet all the criteria for completing the course as a General category student. Regular counselling sessions, extra classes and tutorials from senior students for needy students are a regular feature of the IIMs.[73][74] IIMs also provide financial support to the needy and deserving students in the form of scholarships.[75]

Course Fees

In 2004, IIMs used to charge a fee of approximately 1.5 lakh per year (three lakhs for two years)[76][77][78][79] for its flagship programme. By 2016, the fee has reached almost 19 lakhs.[80][81][82][83] Inflationary trends in India[84][85] has been cited as one of the reasons for the fee hike at IIMs.[86][87]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 Per the sources supplied in the text, IIM Rohtak was inaugurated on 30 June 2010 and IIM Ranchi was inaugurated on 6 July 2010. Therefore, IIM Rohtak was officially inaugurated before IIM Ranchi, making IIM Rohtak the eighth IIM by order of inauguration. Sources say IIM Rohtak is the eighth, see e.g. The Financial Times 7 November 2011.

References

  1. ↑ RC Bhargava; Ajit Balakrishnan; Anusua Basu; Ram S. Tarneja; Ashok Thakur (25 September 2008). "Report of IIM Review Committee" (PDF). Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2010. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  2. ↑ "'Thanks but No Thanks' – IIM Ahmedabad's Pioneeri0.52ng Decision". www.liberalsindia.com. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
  3. ↑ Prashant K. Nanda (13 January 2012). "Diploma to degree hope for IIMs- HRD ministry works with B-schools to change course name". Calcutta, India: Telegraph. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  4. ↑ "EXTERNAL REVIEW OF IIMS TO BE UNDERTAKEN: SHRI KAPIL SIBAL CHAIRS MEETING OF IIM DIRECTORS" (PDF). National Informatics Centre. 2 November 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 January 2012. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  5. ↑ "Elite B-school students back in radar of finance cos". Zee News. 12 November 2009. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  6. ↑ "IIM-C to retain first-year fees". The Economic Times. 7 April 2008. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  7. ↑ "IIM-L to hike seats in PGP course". The Times of India. 9 January 2008. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  8. ↑ "IIM-B to review PGP programme". The Times of India. 28 October 2010. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  9. ↑ Shikhar Mohan (28 April 2011). "Don't mistake it for an Executive MBA". Business Standard. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  10. ↑ Vinay Umarji (28 April 2011). "One-year MBA back with a bang at IIMs". Business Standard. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  11. 1 2 3 4 "MANAGEMENT EDUCATION". National Informatics Centre. Archived from the original on 6 August 2011. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
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  38. 1 2 RC Bhargava; Ajit Balakrishnan; Anusua Basu; Ram S Tarneja; Ashok Thakur (25 September 2008). "Report of IIM Review Committee" (PDF). GOVERNMENT OF INDIA: MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2010. Retrieved 19 March 2010.
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  41. ↑ "About IIMA". Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad. Archived from the original on 19 March 2012. Retrieved 23 February 2012.
  42. ↑ "History | Indian Institute of Management Bangalore". iimb.ernet.in. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  43. ↑ "Board of Governors". iimk.ac.in. Archived from the original on 28 August 2011. Retrieved 6 September 2011.
  44. ↑ "Indian Institute of Management Indore – About IIMI". iimidr.ac.in. Archived from the original on 15 September 2011. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
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  51. ↑ "IIMs can now award degrees instead of diplomas". The Economic Times. 1 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  52. ↑ "IIMs can now award degrees instead of diplomas". The Economic Times. 2018. Retrieved 2018-09-17.
  53. ↑ "Post Graduate Programme in Management". Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  54. ↑ "Distinguishing MBA from PGDM". Deccan Herald. 28 April 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  55. ↑ "PGDM or MBA, dilemma continues". The Hindu. 20 April 2011. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  56. ↑ Shikhar Mohan (January 16, 2013). "Rigour of a global 2-year MBA in one year". Business Standard.
  57. ↑ "Admission Information". Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  58. 1 2 "PGDHRM - IIM Ranchi".
  59. ↑ "Indian Institute of Management Lucknow". Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  60. ↑ "Distinctive Features of PGSEM - Indian Institute of Management Bangalore".
  61. ↑ "Five Year Integrated Programme in Management (IPM) IIM Indore". Archived from the original on 2011-07-21.
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  63. ↑ "Eligibility". IIM Ahmedabad. Archived from the original on 5 January 2011. Retrieved 22 February 2012.
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  66. ↑ "Chances of IIM seat get slimmer". Rediff.com. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  67. ↑ "What is the world toughest business School to get into ? - It is not Harvard". studyn.us. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
  68. ↑ "Business Line : Today's Paper / ECONOMY : CAT to go online from this year". Business Line. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
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  71. ↑ "Admission Information". IIM Bangalore. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  72. ↑ "Eligibiliy and Selection Criteria". IIM Calcutta. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
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  76. ↑ "12 per cent hike in IIM-A fees". The Hindu. 2006-04-03. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2018-09-17.
  77. ↑ ndgks. "The Hindu Business Line : Govt slashes IIM course fees to Rs 30,000". www.thehindubusinessline.com. Retrieved 2018-09-17.
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  79. ↑ "The Hindu : HRD Ministry to rationalise IIMs' fees". www.thehindu.com. Retrieved 2018-09-17.
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  82. ↑ http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/iim-ahmedabad-hikes-post-graduate-course-fee-by-rs-1-lakh-1290190. Retrieved 10 September 2016. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  83. ↑ http://indianexpress.com/article/education/iim-a-raises-fees-by-rs-1-lakh-for-pgpm-course/. Retrieved 10 September 2016. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  84. ↑ http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG?locations=IN. Retrieved 10 September 2016. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  85. ↑ http://www.inflation.eu/inflation-rates/india/historic-inflation/cpi-inflation-india.aspx. Retrieved 10 September 2016. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  86. ↑ http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2016-04-09/news/72186338_1_19-lakh-management-development-institute-indian-institute. Retrieved 10 September 2016. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  87. ↑ http://digitallearning.eletsonline.com/2014/11/inflation-forces-iim-to-hike-fees/. Retrieved 10 September 2016. Missing or empty |title= (help)
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