History of the Irish in Baltimore
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The history of the Irish in Baltimore dates back to the early and mid-19th century. The city's Irish-American community is centered in the neighborhoods of Hampden, Canton, Highlandtown, Fell's Point and Locust Point.
Demographics
In 1920, 10,240 foreign-born White people in Baltimore spoke an English or Celtic language.[1]
In 1940, 2,159 immigrants from Ireland lived in Baltimore. These immigrants comprised 3.5% of the city's foreign-born white population.[2] In total, 4,077 people of Irish birth or descent lived in the city, comprising 4.6% of the foreign-stock white population.[3]
In the 1940 United States Census, Irish-Americans comprised 22% of the foreign-born population in Highlandtown. In Hamden, Baltimore's tract 13-5, 7% of foreign-born residents were Irish-American.[4]
The Irish-American community in the Baltimore metropolitan area numbered 341,683 as of 2000, making up 13.4% of the area's population. In the same year, 32,755 people in the Baltimore metropolitan area were of Scotch-Irish descent, comprising 1.3% of the metropolitan area's population.[5] In the same year Baltimore city's Irish-American population was 39,045, 6% of the city's population. In the same year, 3,274 people in Baltimore were of Scotch-Irish descent, comprising 0.5% of the city's population.[6]
In 2013, an estimated 37,359 Irish-Americans resided in Baltimore city, 6% of the population.[7]
In September 2014, immigrants from Ireland were the sixty-sixth largest foreign-born population in Baltimore.[8]
History
Baltimore became a leading destination for Irish immigrants to the United States during the mid-1800s, with around 70,000 Irish people settling in the city during the 1850s and 1860s.[9]
Notable Irish-Americans from Baltimore
- J. G. Bannon, a college football coach who served as the head coach at the Maryland Agricultural College in 1894.
- Philip Berrigan, a peace activist and former Roman Catholic priest.
- James Carroll (Maryland politician), a railroad executive, judge, and politician.
- John Carroll (bishop), a prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as the ordinary of the Archdiocese of Baltimore.
- John Lee Carroll, a member of the United States Democratic Party who was the 37th Governor of Maryland from 1876 to 1880.
- Elizabeth Patterson Bonaparte (Scotch-Irish), a socialite who was the daughter of Baltimore merchant William Patterson and the first wife of Napoleon's youngest brother Jérôme Bonaparte.
- Michael Joseph Curley, an Irish-born clergyman of the Roman Catholic Church who served as the tenth Archbishop of Baltimore (1921–1947).
- John Samuel Foley, a prelate of the Roman Catholic Church.
- James Gibbons, a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as the ninth Archbishop of Baltimore from 1877 until his death in 1921.
- J. Harold Grady, a judge and the mayor of Baltimore, Maryland from 1959 to 1962.
- David Hasselhoff, an actor, singer, producer, and businessman.
- Pat Healey, a soccer player who plays for Baltimore Blast.
- Billie Holiday, a jazz musician and singer-songwriter with a career spanning nearly thirty years.
- William H. Keeler, a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Baltimore from 1989 to 2007.
- Thomas Kelso, an Irish-born philanthropist and businessman.
- John Alexander Kennedy, the superintendent of police for New York City.
- John P. Kennedy, a novelist and Whig politician who served as United States Secretary of the Navy and as a U.S. Representative from Maryland's 4th congressional district.
- Francis Patrick Keough, a clergyman of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Baltimore (1947-1961).
- Francis Kenrick, an Irish-born prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as the sixth Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Baltimore (1851–1863).
- Laura Lippman (Scotch-Irish), an author of detective fiction.
- Patrick Mullen (Medal of Honor), member of the United States Navy and one of only 19 servicemen to twice receive the Medal of Honor.
- Edwin Frederick O'Brien, Cardinal prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as 15th Archbishop of Baltimore from 2007 to 2011.
- Peter Maher (boxer), an Irish-born boxer known for his powerful punch.
- Jim McKay, a television sports journalist.
- Bryan Mullanphy, the tenth Mayor of St. Louis, serving from 1847 to 1848.
- John Mullanphy, an Irish immigrant who became a wealthy merchant in St. Louis and in Baltimore.
- Herbert O'Conor, the 51st Governor of Maryland, serving from 1939 to 1947.
- Frank O'Hara, a writer, poet and art critic.
- Martin O'Malley, a politician who served as Baltimore City Councilor from 1991 to 1999, Mayor of Baltimore from 1999 to 2007, and 61st Governor of Maryland from 2007 to 2015.
- Michael Phelps, a former competitive swimmer and the most decorated Olympian of all time, with a total of 28 medals.
- Edgar Allan Poe (Scotch-Irish), a writer, editor, and literary critic best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre.
- William Patterson (Maryland) (Scotch-Irish), a businessman, a gun-runner during the American Revolution, and a founder of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.
- Thomas Ruckle, a house painter and sign painter in early nineteenth century Baltimore and an amateur painter.
- Martin John Spalding, a clergyman of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Baltimore (1864-1872).
- James Stafford, a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Auxiliary Bishop of Baltimore (1976–1982).
- Joseph Stewart (Medal of Honor), a Union Army soldier in the American Civil War who received the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Five Forks.
- May Wilson, an artist and figure in the 1960s to 1970s New York City avant-garde art world and pioneer of the feminist and mail art movements.
Fictional Irish-Americans from Baltimore
- Roger Gaffney, a fictional police officer of the Baltimore Police Department on Homicide: Life on the Street played by Walt MacPherson.
- Stuart Gharty, a fictional character played by Peter Gerety in the television series Homicide: Life on the Street.
- Mike Kellerman, a fictional character on the television drama series Homicide: Life on the Street portrayed by Reed Diamond.
- Jimmy McNulty, a fictional detective in the Baltimore Police Department on the HBO drama The Wire, played by Dominic West.
- Megan Russert, a fictional character on Homicide: Life on the Street played by Isabella Hofmann.
- Jack Ryan (character), a fictional character created by Tom Clancy who appears in many of his novels and their respective film adaptations.
See also
References
- ↑ Carpenter, Niles (1927). Immigrants and their children, 1920. A study based on census statistics relative to the foreign born and the native white of foreign or mixed parentage. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. p. 380. Retrieved 2017-08-07.
- ↑ Durr, Kenneth D. (1998). "Why we are troubled": white working-class politics in Baltimore, 1940-1980. Washington, D.C.: American University. p. 23. Retrieved 2017-08-07.
- ↑ Durr, Kenneth D. (1998). "Why we are troubled": white working-class politics in Baltimore, 1940-1980. Washington, D.C.: American University. p. 142. Retrieved 2017-08-07.
- ↑ Durr, Kenneth D. (2003). Behind the Backlash: White Working-Class Politics in Baltimore, 1940-1980. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press. p. 225. ISBN 0-8078-2764-9. Retrieved August 7, 2017.
- ↑ "Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000" (PDF). 2000 United States Census. Retrieved 2017-08-07.
- ↑ "Social Statistics Baltimore, Maryland". Infoplease. Retrieved 2017-08-07.
- ↑ "2013 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". American FactFinder. Retrieved 2017-08-07.
- ↑ "The Role of Immigrants in Growing Baltimore: Recommendations to Retain and Attract New Americans" (PDF). City of Baltimore. Retrieved 2017-08-07.
- ↑ "The surprising Irish origins of Baltimore, Maryland". IrishCentral. Retrieved 2017-08-07.
Further reading
- Irish Charities of Maryland, Inc. "Baltimore Irish festival 2003 : September 19, 20, and 21, 2003", Baltimore, MD, 2003.
- Hayward, Mary Ellen; Irish Railroad Workers Museum. "From famine to fortitude : the Irish experience in Baltimore", Irish Railroad Workers Museum, 2005.
- Maryland State Archives. "St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church, Baltimore, Maryland, records of baptisms, 1839 to 1883 : CD-ROM BALTRC-1 : extracted from Maryland State Archives microfilm publication MSA M 1686", Digital Archives of Colorado, DigArcCo, 1998.
- St. Patrick's Day Pub. Co. "St. Patrick's Day : for the Irish and Irish Americans, and to celebrate St. Patrick's Day", Baltimore, MD, 19--?
- Emerald Isle Club. "The visitor = An cuairteoir", Baltimore, MD.
External links
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