Heterohelix
| Cassigerinella Temporal range: Santonian - Late Paleocene | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| (unranked): | SAR |
| (unranked): | Rhizaria |
| Superphylum: | Retaria |
| Phylum: | Foraminifera |
| Class: | Globigerinida |
| Order: | Globigerinina |
| Superfamily: | Heterohelicoidea |
| Family: | Heterohelicidae |
| Genus: | 'Heterohelix Ehrenberg, 1843 |
Heterohelix[1] is a genus of globigerid forams belonging to the family Heterohelicidae of the superfamily Heterohelicoidea and the suborder Globigerinina,[2] which belongs to the order Globigerinida[3] Its type species is Textilaria americana.
The genus name is Greek from heteros and helix (ήλιξ, of the sun).
Its fossil range is from Santonian (Late Cretaceous up to the early Danien or early Paleocene.
Description
Heterhelix includes species with double cones, in occasion with a small flat spiral state.[1]
Discussion
There is an old controversy between the status of Heterohelix and Spiroplecta, and which the author of other genera apparently used the definition to the same species style, in the first case, named Textilaria americana,[1] and the second Spiroplecta americana.[4] For that reason, given which was the first number of that priority, Spiroplecta which later became a synonymy of Heterhelix.[5][6] Other genera which described with a planispyllated stage, which was clearly more developed in Spiroplecta which had 5 to 6 chambers, where in Heterohelix which had 2 to 3 chambers. Different authors which brought the generic number Guemnbelina whose type species is Heterohelix globulosa, for grouping other morphological, all of them two legged, and considered for the presence of a planispylliated stage, with an expression of an alternation of generations,being the planispyllated stage of microspheric forms.[7] After, it has been widely accepted with Spiroplecta and Buembelina as subjective synonyms of Heterohelix. Classifications that include Heterohelix in the order Heterohelicida.[8]
Paleoecology
Heterohelix includes species with a mode of planktonic life, of latitudinal distribution, in tropical and temperate waters, and pelagic numbers of superficial and intermediate waters (mid-epiplagic and late-mesoplagic).[2][8]
Species
Species in Heterohelix include:[9][10]
- Heterohelix aegyptiacea
- Heterohelix americana
- Heterohelix budugensis
- Heterohelix buliminiformis
- Heterohelix buliminiformis serrata
- Heterohelix bulloides
- Heterohelix calabarflanki
- Heterohelix carinata
- Heterohelix chiplonkari
- Heterohelix concimma
- Heterohelix cornutus
- Heterohelix dentata
- Heterohelix distorta
- Heterohelix elongata
- Heterohelix elongata angusta
- Heterohelix fayose
- Heterohelix glabrans
- Heterohelix globocarinata
- Heterohelix globulosa
- Heterohelix globulosa var. striatula
- Heterohelix gradata
- Heterohelix gradata normalis
- Heterohelix ilkhidagensis
- Heterohelix ilkhidagensis inflata
- Heterohelix ilkhidagensis minor
- Heterohelix irregularis
- Heterohelix ivandeklaszi
- Heterohelix labellosa
- Heterohelix moremani
- Heterohelix nakkadyi
- Heterohelix navarroensis
- Heterohelix nkporoensis
- Heterohelix obtusa
- Heterohelix oculis
- Heterohelix olssoni
- Heterohelix pachymarginata
- Heterohelix panikauia
- Heterohelix papula
- Heterohelix paucistriata
- Heterohelix perquadrata
- Heterohelix planata
- Heterohelix praegradata
- Heterohelix praeirregularis
- Heterohelix praeirregularis perekishkulensis
- Heterohelix praelongata
- Heterohelix pseudocarseyae
- Heterohelix pseudoglobulosa
- Heterohelix pseudoguembeliniformis
- Heterohelix pseudoreussi
- Heterohelix pseudotessera
- Heterohelix pulchra
- Heterohelix punctulata
- Heterohelix pupa
- Heterohelix reussi
- Heterohelix reymenti
- Heterohelix robusta
- Heterohelix rumseyensis
- Heterohelix santonica
- Heterohelix sastrii
- Heterohelix semicostata
- Heterohelix sphenoides
- Heterohelix srinivasani
- Heterohelix stenopos
- Heterohelix striata
- Heterohelix subtriangularis
- Heterohelix subtriangularis zeidensis
- Heterohelix suwalkensis
- Heterohelix ultimatumida
- Heterohelix varsoviensis
- Heterohelix virgata
- Heterohelix vistulaensis
- Heterohelix washitensis
References
- 1 2 3 Ehrenberg, C.G. (1843). Verbreitung und Einfluss des Mikroskopischen Lebens in Süd- und Nord-Amerika. Physikalische Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaƒten zu Berlin, 1841: 291-446.
- 1 2 Loeblich, A.R., Jr, Tappan, H. (1987). Foraminiferal general and their clasification. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company (ed.), 2 vol., 1-970, 1-212 + 847 laminated.
- ↑ Loeblich, A.R., Jr., Tappan, H. (1992). Present Status of Foraminiferal Classification. Studies in Benthic Foraminifera en Benthos'90, Sendai (1990), Tokai University Press, 93-102.
- ↑ Ehrenberg, C.G. (1844). Eine Mittheilung über zwei neue Lager von Gebirgsmassen aus Infusorien als Meeres-Absatz in Nord-Amerika und eine Vergleichung derselben mit den organischen Kreide-Gebilden in Europa und Afrika. Bericht über die zu Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 57-98.
- ↑ Cushman, J.A. (1927). An outline of a re-classification of the foraminifera. Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 3: 1-105.
- ↑ Cushman, J.A. (1928). The American Cretaceous foraminifera figured by Ehrenberg. Journal of Paleontology, 1: 213–218.
- ↑ Loeblich, A. R., Jr. y Tappan, H. (1964). Sarcodina, chiefly "Thecamoebians" and Foraminiferida; En: Moore, R.C. (ed.), Treatise on invertebrate paleontology: Protista 2, part C, 1: C1-C510, 2: C511-C900.
- 1 2 BouDagher-Fadel, M.K. (2012). Biostratigraphic and geological significance of planktonic foraminifera. Office of the Vice Provost Research (OVPR), University College, London, 287 p.
- ↑ Classifications Browser
- ↑ Caron, M. (1985). Cretaceous planktic foraminifera. En: Bolli, H.M., Saunders, J.B., Perch-Nielsen, K. (Eds.), Plankton Stratigraphy, Cambridge University Press, 17-86.