The main casework and console of the Hazel Wright Organ
The Hazel Wright Organ located in the former Crystal Cathedral in Garden Grove, California – scheduled to be reconsecrated as the Roman Catholic "Christ Cathedral" in 2019[1] – is one of the world's largest pipe organs. As of 2008, it had 270 ranks and 16,061 pipes, fully playable from two 5-manual consoles.[2]
Funded by a $2 million gift from Hazel Wright, a viewer of the church's Hour of Power telecast, the organ was constructed by Fratelli Ruffatti, based on specifications by Virgil Fox and expanded by Frederick Swann. It incorporates the large Aeolian-Skinner pipe organ originally built in 1962 for New York's Avery Fisher Hall, and the Ruffatti organ which had been installed in the church's previous sanctuary in 1977.[3]
Beginning in 1982, the year of the present organ's dedication, Frederick Swann was organist and music director at the cathedral. During his 16-year tenure (1982–1998), he was widely regarded as the most visible organist in the world as people in more than 165 countries worldwide saw and heard him playing this organ on the weekly Hour of Power televised episodes.[4]
Following the Crystal Cathedral's final Hour of Power in June 2013, the organ was scheduled to be dismantled for a $2 million refurbishing, led by Fratelli Ruffatti, and then to be re-installed for the building's planned re-opening as Christ Cathedral.[5] After three decades of use and exposure to heat, sunlight and water damage, the organ was in need of extensive repair. The organ was removed in February 2014 over the course of a week and shipped to Padua, Italy for restoration. The organ was returned to California in May 2016, and re-installation is scheduled for late 2018.[6]
Stoplist
The organ has the following pipe ranks:[7]
I Choir (Second Level, East Tower)
|
| Gemshorn | 16′ | |
| Viola Pomposa | 8′ | |
| Viola Céleste | 8′ | |
| Cor de Nuit | 8′ | |
| Flauto Dolce | 8′ | |
| Flauto Céleste | 8′ | |
| Prinzipal | 4′ | |
| Koppelflöte | 4′ | |
| Rohrnasat | 22/3′ | |
| Prinzipal | 2′ | |
| Zauberflöte | 2′ | |
| Tierce | 13/5′ |
| Larigot | 11/3′ |
| Scharff IV | | |
| Fagotto | 16′ | |
| Petite Trompette | 8′ | |
| Clarinet | 8′ | |
| Fagotto (Fagotto 16′) | 4′ | |
|
| Tremulant |
|
| Millennial Trumpet (Gallery Great) | 8′ | |
| Harp | 8′ | |
| Harp (Harp 8′) | 4′ | |
II Great (Third Level, West Tower)
|
| Montre | 16′ |
| Kontra Geigen | 16′ |
| Bourdon | 16′ |
| Diapason | 8′ |
| Principal Major | 8′ |
| Principal | 8′ |
| Flûte harmonique | 8′ |
| Spitzflöte | 8′ |
| Spitz Céleste | 8′ |
| Gross Quinte | 51/3′ |
| Oktave | 4′ |
| Oktav | 4′ |
| Flûte Ouverte | 4′ |
| Flûte a Cheminée | 4′ |
| Gross Tierce | 31/5′ |
| Quinte | 22/3′ |
| Sesquialtera II |
| Jeu de Tierce II |
| Super Octave | 2′ |
| Fifteenth | 2′ |
| Blockflöte | 2′ |
| Grand Fourniture II-VII |
| Ripieno IV |
| Mixture IV-VI |
| Cimbalo IV |
| Zimbel III-V |
| Contre Trompette | 16′ |
| Posaune | 16′ |
| Fagotto (Choir) | 16′ |
| Trompette | 8′ |
| Trompete | 8′ |
| Clairon | 4′ |
| Chimes |
| Cembalo |
II Gallery Great (Gallery Organ, West Side)
|
| Grande Montre (Gallery Pedal) | 16′ |
| Holz Principal | 8′ |
| Holzgedeckt | 8′ |
| Octave | 4′ |
| Koppelflöte | 4′ |
| Fifteenth | 2′ |
| Nineteenth | 11/3′ |
| Twenty-Second | 1′ |
| Fourniture V |
| Zimbel IV |
| Contra Trompette | 16′ |
| Trompette | 8′ |
| Clairon | 4′ |
| Millennial Trumpet (en chamade) | 8′ |
| Herald Trumpet (Solo) | 8′ |
II Hoofdwerk (First Level, East Tower)
|
| Praestant | 8′ |
| Holpijp | 8′ |
| Quintadeen | 8′ |
| Octaaf | 4′ |
| Fluit | 4′ |
| Super Octaaf | 2′ |
| Mixtuur V |
| Scherp IV |
| Bazuin | 16′ |
| Trompet | 8′ |
|
III Swell(First Level, West and East Tower)
|
| Flûte Courte | 16′ |
| Quintadena | 16′ |
| Gambe (digital) | 16′ |
| Gambe (digital) | 8′ |
| Montre | 8′ |
| Principal | 8′ |
| Viole de Gambe | 8′ |
| Viole Céleste | 8′ |
| Erzahler | 8′ |
| Erzahler Céleste | 8′ |
| Flûte Couverte | 8′ |
| Bourdon | 8′ |
| Flauto Dolce | 8′ |
| Prestant | 4′ |
| Octave | 4′ |
| Flûte à Pavillon | 4′ |
| Cor de Nuit | 4′ |
| Nazard | 22/3′ |
| Doublette | 2′ |
| Flûte à Bec | 2′ |
| Tierce | 13/5′ |
| Larigot | 11/3′ |
| Piccolo | 1′ |
| None | 8/9′ |
| Plein jeu III |
| Ripieno V |
| Cymbale III |
| Bombarde | 16′ |
| Contre Trompette | 16′ |
| Basson | 16′ |
| Première Trompette | 8′ |
| Deuxième Trompette | 8′ |
| Hautbois d’Orchestre | 8′ |
| Hautbois | 8′ |
| Voix Humaine | 8′ |
| Première Clairon | 4′ |
| Deuxième Clairon | 4′ |
| Cornet V |
|
| Tremulant |
III Borstwerk (First Level, West Tower)
|
| Pörfluit | 8′ |
| Speelfluit | 4′ |
| Gemshoorn | 2′ |
| Tertiaan II |
| Terzcymbel III |
| Buntcymbel III |
| Baarpijp | 16′ |
|
| Tremulant |
IV Solo (Second Level, West Tower)
|
| Enclosed: |
| Gambe | 8′ |
| Gambe Celeste | 8′ |
| Flauto Heroique (Celestial) | 8′ |
| Doppelflöte | 8′ |
| Major Octave | 4′ |
| Orchestral Flute | 4′ |
| Quinte Flûte | 22/3′ |
| Octave | 2′ |
| Harmonics VI |
| Gross Fourniture III |
| Cymbel IV |
| English Post Horn | 16′ |
| (from English Post Horn 8′) |
| Trompette Harmonique | 8′ |
| English Post Horn | 8′ |
| English Horn | 8′ |
| French Horn | 8′ |
| Clairon Harmonique | 4′ |
|
| Not enclosed: |
| Flûte d’Arvella (Pedal) | 8′ |
| Tuba Magna | 16′ |
| Herald Trumpet | 8′ |
| Millennial Trumpet (Gallery Great) | 8′ |
| Tuba Mirabilis | 8′ |
| Tuba Clairon | 4′ |
|
| Tremulant |
|
V Celestial (Swell) (Gallery, East Side)
|
| Bourdon Doux | 16′ |
| Flauto Dolce | 16′ |
| Principal | 8′ |
| Viola Pomposa | 8′ |
| Viola Céleste | 8′ |
| Flauto Dolce | 8′ |
| Flauto Céleste | 8′ |
| Flûte à Cheminée | 8′ |
| Principal | 4′ |
| Italian Principal | 4′ |
| Flûte Traversière | 4′ |
| Sesquialtera II |
| Doublette | 2′ |
| Octavin | 2′ |
| Plein jeu V |
| Cymbale IV |
| Jeu de Clochette II |
| Contre Trompette | 16′ |
| Ranquette | 16′ |
| Trompette | 8′ |
| Cor Anglais | 8′ |
| Cromorne | 8′ |
| Voix Humaine | 8′ |
| Cor de Schuller | 4′ |
| Chalumeau | 4′ |
|
| Tremulant |
V Positiv (Fourth Level, East Tower)
|
| Bourdon (Great) | 16′ |
| Principal | 16′ |
| Rohrflöte | 8′ |
| Prinzipal | 8′ |
| Spillflöte | 4′ |
| Oktav | 4′ |
| Larigot | 2′ |
| Sifflöte | 11/3′ |
| Scharff IV |
| Terz Zimbel III |
| Fagotto (Choir) | 16′ |
| Krummhorn | 8′ |
| Rohr Schalmei | 4′ |
|
| Tremulant |
|
| Tuba Mirabilis (Solo) | 8′ |
String (Swell) (Floating, Gallery, West Side)
|
| Viola | 16′ |
| Viola Céleste | 16′ |
| Dulciana | 8′ |
| Unda Maris | 8′ |
| Salicional | 8′ |
| Voix Céleste | 8′ |
| Dulcett | 8′ |
| Dulcett Céleste | 8′ |
| Dulciana Céleste | 8′ |
| Muted Viole 1 | 8′ |
| Viole 1 Céleste | 8′ |
| Muted Viole 2 | 8′ |
| Viole 2 Céleste | 8′ |
| Violoncello | 8′ |
| Violoncello Céleste | 8′ |
| Rohrpfeife | 8′ |
| Nachthorn | 4′ |
|
| Tremulant |
Gospel (Floating, East Gallery)
|
| Principal | 8′ |
| Octave | 4′ |
| Super Octave | 2′ |
| Mixture IV |
| Trompette en Chamade | 16′ |
| Trompette en Chamade | 8′ |
| Trompette en Chamade | 4′ |
Epistle (Floating, West Gallery)
|
| Principal | 8′ |
| Octave | 4′ |
| Mounted Cornet V |
| Mixture V |
| Trompette en Chamade | 16′ |
| Trompette en Chamade | 8′ |
| Trompette en Chamade | 4′ |
| Trompette en Chamade | 2′ |
Echo (Swell) (catwalk 40 m)
|
| Fern Flute | 8′ |
| Vox Amorosa | 8′ |
| Voix Séraphique | 8′ |
| Chœur des Violes | 8′ |
| Divinare | 4′ |
| Rohr Nasat | 22/3′ |
| Oboe d’Amore | 8′ |
| Anthropoglossa | 8′ |
|
| Tremulant |
Percussion C–
|
| Tower Carillon |
| Harp (Choir) | 8′ |
| Celesta (Choir) | 4′ |
| Glockenstern (Positiv) |
| Etoile de Grand Martin (Gallery) |
| Chancel Chimes (Choir, Great) |
| Gallery Chimes (Celestial) |
| Rosignol on Pedal I (Gallery) |
|
Pedal (Second Level, West Tower; Fourth Level East Tower)
|
| La Force | 64′ |
| (Ext. Double Diapason 32′) |
| Diapason | 32′ |
| Kontra Geigen | 32′ |
| (Ext. Great: Kontra Geigen 16′) |
| Contre Gambe (Swell) | 32′ |
| Diapente Grave | 211/3′ |
| Diapason | 16′ |
| Contre Basse | 16′ |
| Contra Basso | 16′ |
| Principal (Great) | 16′ |
| Geigen (Great) | 16′ |
| Montre (Great) | 16′ |
| Principal | 16′ |
| Bourdon | 16′ |
| Subbasso | 16′ |
| Gemshorn (Choir) | 16′ |
| Flûte Courte (Swell) | 16′ |
| Quintadena (Swell) | 16′ |
| Quint | 102/3′ |
| Octave | 8′ |
| Principal | 8′ |
| Violone | 8′ |
| Geigen | 8′ |
| (Ext. Geigen 16′) |
| Spitzflöte | 8′ |
| Principal (Positiv) | 8′ |
| Bourdon | 8′ |
| (Bourdon 16′) |
| Bordone | 8′ |
| (Ext. Subbasso 16′) |
| Gemshorn | 8′ |
| (Ext. Choir: Gemshorn 16′) |
| Flûte Courte | 8′ |
| (Ext. Swell: Flûte Courte 16′) |
| Octave Quinte | 51/3′ |
| Choralbass | 4′ |
| Octave | 4′ |
| Principal (Positiv) | 4′ |
| Spillflöte | 4′ |
| Spireflöte | 4′ |
| Octave | 2′ |
| Spindleflöte | 2′ |
| (Ext. Spindleflöte 4′) |
| Fourniture IV |
| Ripieno VI |
| Acuta II |
| Grand Cornet IV |
| Kontra Posaune | 32′ |
| Contra Fagotto | 32′ |
| Posaune | 16′ |
| Contre Trompette (Great) | 16′ |
| Bombarde (Swell) | 16′ |
| Basson (Swell) | 16′ |
| English Post Horn (Solo) | 16′ |
| Fagotto (Choir) | 16′ |
| Trompette | 8′ |
| Trompette | 8′ |
| Fagotto | 8′ |
| (Ext. Choir: Fagotto 16′) |
| Krummhorn (Positiv) | 8′ |
| Klarine | 4′ |
| (Ext. Trompette 8′) |
| Trompete | 4′ |
| (Ext. Trompette 8′) |
| Rohr Schalmei (Positiv) | 4′ |
| Zink (Positiv) | 2′ |
| Contra Bourdon (Electronic) | 32′ |
Gallery Pedal (Gallery, East side and Center)
|
| Untersatz | 32′ |
| Montre le Tour | 16′ |
| Open Wood | 16′ |
| Bourdon | 16′ |
| Bourdon Doux (Celestial) | 16′ |
| Viola (String) | 16′ |
| Viola Céleste (String) | 16′ |
| Prestant | 8′ |
| Bourdon | 8′ |
| Viola Céleste II | 8′ |
| (Ext. String: Violo Céleste 16′) |
| Bas de Choral | 4′ |
| Mixture | 2′ |
| Grand Harmoniques | 32′ |
| Contra Bombarde | 32′ |
| Bombarde | 16′ |
| Contra Trompette (Celestial) | 16′ |
| Trumpet | 8′ |
| Millennial Trumpet (Great) | 8′ |
| Clarion | 4′ |
|
Recordings
Frederick Swann has recorded two compact discs playing the Crystal Cathedral organ:
Peter Baicchi has recorded one CD:
- Organ Under Glass : The Crystal Cathedral Organ see here
In addition, the Crystal Cathedral Choir and organ are heard on the CD We Sing the Power.
References
- ↑ Baharath, Deepa (May 19, 2017). "Diocese picks contractor for Christ Cathedral's $72 million reconstruction project". Orange County Register. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
- ↑ "The World's Largest Pipe Organs". TheatreOrgans.com. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
- ↑ "The Hazel Wright Pipe Organ". ShepherdsGrove.org. Archived from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
- ↑ Vivien Schweitzer (August 4, 2006). "Frederick Swann at Riverside Church: A Master of the Organ, With the Curtain Pulled Back". The New York Times. Retrieved April 15, 2008.
- ↑ Tom Berg (May 17, 2013). "How will church fix Cathedral's organ?". Orange County Register. Retrieved September 29, 2013.
- ↑ "Organ Restoration". The Orange Catholic Foundation. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
- ↑ E.M.Skinner/Aeolian-Skinner Opus List, Compiled by Allen Kinzey and Sand Lawn, published: Organ Historical Society, Richmond, VA. 1st Edition, 1992, page 124.