Gloeomargarita lithophora

Gloeomargarita lithophora
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Cyanobacteria
Genus:	Synechococcus
Clade:	Gloeomargarita lithophora

Gloeomargarita lithophora is a bacteria, and is the proposed sister of the plastids in the Eukaryote Archaeplastida. Gloemargarita's ancestor would have ended up in the ancestral Archeaplastida through a singular Endosymbiotic event some ~1400 million years ago.^[1] These plastids have appeared in other Eukaryotes as the Archaeplastida have become endosymbionts themselves repeatedly. The importance of this event for life on earth is of course impossible to overstate, even though the Great Oxygenation Event appears to have occurred before. Gloemargarita appears related to a (basal) Synechococcus branch.^[2]^[3]^[4] A similar endosymbiotic event occurred about 500 million years ago, with another Synechococcus related bacteria appearing in Paulinella Chromatophora.^[4]

References

↑ Betts, Holly C.; Puttick, Mark N.; Clark, James W.; Williams, Tom A.; Donoghue, Philip C. J.; Pisani, Davide (2018-08-20). "Integrated genomic and fossil evidence illuminates life's early evolution and eukaryote origin". Nature Ecology & Evolution. doi:10.1038/s41559-018-0644-x. ISSN 2397-334X.
↑ Saw, Jimmy H. W.; Schatz, Michael; Brown, Mark V.; Kunkel, Dennis D.; Foster, Jamie S.; Shick, Harry; Christensen, Stephanie; Hou, Shaobin; Wan, Xuehua (2013-10-23). "Cultivation and Complete Genome Sequencing of Gloeobacter kilaueensis sp. nov., from a Lava Cave in Kīlauea Caldera, Hawai'i". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e76376. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076376. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3806779. PMID 24194836.
↑ Ponce-Toledo, Rafael I.; Deschamps, Philippe; López-García, Purificación; Zivanovic, Yvan; Benzerara, Karim; Moreira, David (2017). "An Early-Branching Freshwater Cyanobacterium at the Origin of Plastids". Current Biology. 27 (3): 386–391. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.11.056. ISSN 0960-9822. PMC 5650054. PMID 28132810.
1 2 Sánchez-Baracaldo, Patricia; Raven, John A.; Pisani, Davide; Knoll, Andrew H. (2017-09-12). "Early photosynthetic eukaryotes inhabited low-salinity habitats". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (37): E7737–E7745. doi:10.1073/pnas.1620089114. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 5603991. PMID 28808007.

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[1] Betts, Holly C.; Puttick, Mark N.; Clark, James W.; Williams, Tom A.; Donoghue, Philip C. J.; Pisani, Davide (2018-08-20). "Integrated genomic and fossil evidence illuminates life's early evolution and eukaryote origin". Nature Ecology & Evolution. doi:10.1038/s41559-018-0644-x. ISSN 2397-334X.

[2] Saw, Jimmy H. W.; Schatz, Michael; Brown, Mark V.; Kunkel, Dennis D.; Foster, Jamie S.; Shick, Harry; Christensen, Stephanie; Hou, Shaobin; Wan, Xuehua (2013-10-23). "Cultivation and Complete Genome Sequencing of Gloeobacter kilaueensis sp. nov., from a Lava Cave in Kīlauea Caldera, Hawai'i". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e76376. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076376. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3806779. PMID 24194836.

[3] Ponce-Toledo, Rafael I.; Deschamps, Philippe; López-García, Purificación; Zivanovic, Yvan; Benzerara, Karim; Moreira, David (2017). "An Early-Branching Freshwater Cyanobacterium at the Origin of Plastids". Current Biology. 27 (3): 386–391. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.11.056. ISSN 0960-9822. PMC 5650054. PMID 28132810.

[:0-4] 1 2 Sánchez-Baracaldo, Patricia; Raven, John A.; Pisani, Davide; Knoll, Andrew H. (2017-09-12). "Early photosynthetic eukaryotes inhabited low-salinity habitats". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (37): E7737–E7745. doi:10.1073/pnas.1620089114. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 5603991. PMID 28808007.