George C. Clerk

George Carver Clerk
Born (1931-07-29) 29 July 1931
Adawso, Gold Coast
Nationality
Education
Known for
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions University of Ghana, Legon

George Carver Clerk (born 29 July 1931) is a Ghanaian botanist.[1][2][3] A professor and later, an emeritus professor at the University of Ghana, Legon, he focused his research on the ecology and the pathology of plant diseases -phytopathology, indigenous to Ghana and West Africa.[1][2][3] Clerk, along with his academic contemporary Ebenezer Laing, is one of Ghana's earliest practitioners of botany as a scientific discipline, in addition to being a pioneering plant pathologist in West Africa.[4][5][6][7][8] G. C. Clerk was also inducted as a Fellow of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1973.[2][3]

Early life and family

George Clerk was born on 29 July 1931 in Adawso in the Eastern Region of Ghana.[9] His father, Carl Henry Clerk (1895 – 1982), an agricultural educator, editor, journalist and Presbyterian minister was elected the fourth Synod Clerk of the Presbyterian Church of the Gold Coast from 1950 to 1954[10][11] and the Editor of the Christian Messenger, the newspaper of the Presbyterian Church of Ghana from 1960 to 1963.[11] His mother, Martha Ayorkor Quao (1911 – 1989) was from La and Ga-Mashie.[12] Quao's maternal grandfather was Nii Ngleshie Addy I, the first son of Nii Tetteh Tsuru I, the founder and ruler of the Otuopai Clan, a royal house in Ga Mashie. G. C. Clerk's father who had earlier studied agricultural science at Tuskegee University, incidentally named him after the American botanist, George Washington Carver, whose works the older Clerk had studied at the Institute, perhaps a foreshadowing of the infant George's future career path.[11][13][14]

George C. Clerk is a member of the notable historical Clerk family of Accra, Ghana.[15][16] His paternal great-grandfather, Alexander Worthy Clerk (1820 – 1906), a Jamaican Moravian missionary arrived in the Danish Protectorate of Christiansborg, now the suburb of Osu, in Accra in the Gold Coast in 1843, as part of the original group of 24 West Indian missionaries who worked under the auspices of the Basel Evangelical Missionary Society of Basel, Switzerland.[17][18][19][16] A.W. Clerk was a pioneer of the Presbyterian Church of Ghana and a leader in education in colonial Ghana, establishing a boarding middle school, the Salem School in Osu in 1843. His paternal great-grandmother, Pauline Hesse was from the Gold Coast, and was of Danish, German and Ga-Dangme heritage.[20] His great-grandaunt was Regina Hesse (1832 ─ 1898), a pioneer educator and school principal who worked with the Basel Mission on the Gold Coast.[20] His grandfather, Nicholas Timothy Clerk (1862 – 1961), a Basel-trained theologian and missionary, was the first Synod Clerk of the Presbyterian Church of the Gold Coast from 1918 to 1932[21][17] and a founding father of the all boys’ boarding high school, the Presbyterian Boys’ Secondary School, established in 1938.[9][15] His grandmother, Anna Alice Meyer (1873 – 1934) was of Ga-Dangme and Danish descent.[21][21] His uncle, Theodore S. Clerk (1909 – 1965) was the first Ghanaian architect of the Gold Coast who planned and developed the port city of Tema.[22][23][24] G. C. Clerk's aunts were Jane E. Clerk (1904 – 1999), a Gold Coast woman pioneer in education administration and Matilda J. Clerk (1916 – 1984), the second Ghanaian woman to become an orthodox-trained physician.[25] Pauline M. Clerk (1935 - 2013), a diplomat and presidential advisor, was his cousin,[26][27][28] as is Alexander Adu Clerk (born 1947), a sleep medicine specialist and psychiatrist.[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] George Clerk's granduncle was Emmanuel Charles Quist (1880 – 1959), a barrister and judge who became the first African President of the Legislative Council from 1949 to 1951, Speaker of the National Assembly of the Gold Coast from 1951 to 1957, and Speaker of the National Assembly of Ghana from March 1957 to December 1957.[37]

Clerk’s maternal uncle was the Ghanaian barrister and judge, Nii Amaa Ollennu (1906 – 1986), elected the Speaker of the Parliament of Ghana during the Second Republic as well as serving as the Chairman of the Presidential Commission and acting President of Ghana from 7 August 1970 to 31 August 1970.[38][39] His uncle was Nathan Quao (1915 – 2005), the diplomat, educationist and public servant who doubled as a presidential advisor on governance to several Heads of State of Ghana.[40][41] Moreover, his first cousin was the Ghanaian economist and diplomat, Amon Nikoi (1930 – 2002), appointed the Governor of the Bank of Ghana from 1973 to 1977 and Finance minister from 1979 to 1981.[42][43]

Education and training

George Clerk had his primary education at Presbyterian schools according to the teaching career movements of his father.[9] He attended the boys' middle boarding school, the Salem School at Osu.[9] He had his secondary education at the Presbyterian Boys' Secondary School (Presec), Odumase-Krobo.[9] He enrolled at the University College of the Gold Coast and received his bachelor’s degree in botany with first-class honours and winning the first prize as the best graduating student in botany from the University of London, then the parent institution of the university college.[44][45][46][4] G. C. Clerk was then awarded a fellowship for postgraduate research at the University of Bristol and earned a joint PhD-DIC in botany from the Imperial College London, University of London where he wrote his dissertation on asexual spores of parasitic fungi growing on the bodies of insects.[4][15][44][45][46][47]

Academic and research career

Prior to his postgraduate studies, he taught biology at Prempeh College for a couple of years.[1] Clerk later became a professor of botany at the University of Ghana, Legon.[1][2][3][48][49] While at the University of Ghana, he served as the Hall Master for the residential hall, Akuafo Hall[50] from 1979 to 1980, a hall he had lived in as a student.[1] His research interest is in plant pathology and has authored more than 250 peer-reviewed journal articles, abstracts, book chapters and other scientific publications.[1][2][3] Clerk's work on plant diseases in Ghana and West Africa has influenced the blueprint for national science and industrial policy in relation to plant development in the agricultural sector within the sub-region.[5][6][4][7][51] G.C. Clerk was a visiting research fellow at the University of California, Riverside between 1972 and 1973.[1] He was also a lecturer at the University of Port Harcourt in Nigeria in the mid-eighties.[1] In 1973, he became a Fellow of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences, the only scholar to be elected that year.[2][3] He served on the board of directors of the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission from 1996 to 1998 along with his academic colleague, Marian Ewurama Addy, the first Ghanaian woman professor of natural science.[52] He has been a resource person, chief examiner for biology and a consultant to the West African Examinations Council (WAEC). G. C. Clerk has also been a regional representative of the Association of African Universities (AAU).[6] George Clerk's seminal book in botany and phytopathology, Crops and their diseases in Ghana, was published in 1974.[4][7][53][54]

Personal life

G. C. Clerk is married and has six children but two died at an early age. Clerk is also a trained pianist. The second of six siblings, his older brother was Nicholas T. Clerk (1930 - 2012), a former Rector of the Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA), the Vice-Chairman of the Public Services Commission of Ghana and the Chairman of the Public Services Commission of Uganda from 1989 to 1990.[9][9][55]

Selected works

  • Clerk, G. C. (1960), "A vein-clearing virus of sweet potato in Ghana," Plant Dis. Rep. 44: 932-933 [56]
  • Clerk, G. C. (1963) “Studies on the survival and germination of conidia of three entomogenous fungi.” London [47]
  • Clerk, G. C.; Ayesu-Offei, E. N. (1967). "Conidia and conidial germination in Leveillula taurica (Lev.) Arn". Annals of Botany 31(4): 749–754 [57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]
  • Clerk, G. C.; Ankora, J. K. (1969). "Development and release of conidia of Phyllactinia corylea". Canadian Journal of Botany. 47 (8): 1289–1290 [65]
  • Ewer, D. W.; Hall, J. B.; Clerk, G. C. (1972) “Ecological biology: for A-level and intermediate students in Africa. London: Longman [66]
  • Clerk, G. C. (1972). "Germination of Sporangia of Phytophthora palmivora (Butl.) Butl.". Annals of Botany. 36 (4): 801–807 [67]
  • Clerk, G. C. (1974) "Crops and their diseases in Ghana" Tema: Ghana Pub. Corp.[4][7][53][54]
  • Clerk, G.C. (1974). "Ultrastructure of Wall Swellings of Germinating Sporangia of Phytophthora palmivora (Butl.) Butl.". Annals of Botany. 38 (5): 1103–106 [68]
  • Clerk, G. C. (1978). "Tapinanthus bangwensis in a Cola Plantation in Ghana". PANS. 24 (1): 57–62 [69]
  • Caesar, J. Cartey; Clerk, G. C. (1985). "Water Stress-Induced Changes in the Morphology of the Powdery Mildew, Leveillula taurica (Lèv.) Arn." Journal of Phytopathology. 112 (3): 217–221 [70]
  • Ampofo, J. A.; Clerk, G. C. (2002) “Infestation of fish-culturing communities with fish-borne bacteria: The Ghanaian case.” International Journal of Environmental Health Research 12 (3):277-82 [71]
  • Ampofo, J. A.; Clerk, G. C. (2003) “Diversity of bacteria in sewage treatment plant used as fish culture pond in southern Ghana.Aquaculture Research. 34 (8): 667-675 [72]
  • Ampofo, J. A.; Clerk, G. C. (2003) “Bacterial flora of fish feeds and organic fertilizers for fish culture ponds in Ghana.” Aquaculture Research. 34 (8): 677-680[73]
  • Ameka, G. K.; Clerk, G. C.; Pfeifer, E.; Rutishauser, R. (2003). "Developmental morphology of Ledermanniella bowlingii (Podostemaceae) from Ghana". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 237 (3-4): 165–183 [74]
  • Ampofo, J. A.; Clerk, G. C. (2010) “Diversity of Bacteria Contaminants in Tissues of Fish Cultured in Organic Waste-Fertilized Ponds: Health Implications.” The Open Fish Science Journal 3 (1):142-146 [75]
  • Annang, T. Y.; Yirenya-Tawiah, R. D.; Clerk, G. C.; Smith, T. (2014). "Some aspects of the ecology of freshwater algae in the Densu River and two tributaries in Southern Ghana". International Journal of Environment. 3 (2): 246–257 [76]

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  65. Clerk, G. C.; Ankora, J. K. (1969). "Development and release of conidia of Phyllactinia corylea". Canadian Journal of Botany. 47 (8): 1289–1290. doi:10.1139/b69-180. ISSN 0008-4026.
  66. Ewer, D. W; Hall, J. B; Clerk, G. C (1972). Ecological biology: for A-level and intermediate students in Africa. London: Longman. ISBN 0582609429. Archived from the original on 18 February 2018.
  67. CLERK, G. C. (1972). "Germination of Sporangia of Phytophthora palmivora (Butl.) Butl". Annals of Botany. 36 (4): 801–807. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a084636. ISSN 0305-7364. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017.
  68. CLERK, G. C. (1974). "Ultrastructure of Wall Swellings of Germinating Sporangia of Phytophthora palmivora (Butl.) Butl". Annals of Botany. 38 (5): 1103–1106. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a084901. ISSN 0305-7364. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017.
  69. Clerk, G. C. (1978). "Tapinanthus bangwensis in a Cola Plantation in Ghana". PANS. 24 (1): 57–62. doi:10.1080/09670877809414259. ISSN 0309-7943.
  70. Caesar, J. Cartey; Clerk, G. C. (1985). "Water Stress-Induced Changes in the Morphology of the Powdery Mildew, Leveillula taurica (Lèv.) Arn". Journal of Phytopathology. 112 (3): 217–221. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1985.tb00798.x. ISSN 1439-0434. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017.
  71. Ampofo, Joseph; C Clerk, G (1 October 2002). "Infestation of fish-culturing communities with fish-borne bacteria: The Ghanaian case". International journal of environmental health research. 12: 277–82. doi:10.1080/0960312021000001032. Archived from the original on 19 March 2018.
  72. Ampofo, J A; Clerk, G C (2003). "Diversity of bacteria in sewage treatment plant used as fish culture pond in southern Ghana". Aquaculture Research. 34 (8): 667–675. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2109.2003.00843.x. ISSN 1365-2109. Archived from the original on 15 June 2016.
  73. Ampofo, J A; Clerk, G C (2003). "Bacterial flora of fish feeds and organic fertilizers for fish culture ponds in Ghana". Aquaculture Research. 34 (8): 677–680. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2109.2003.00844.x. ISSN 1365-2109. Archived from the original on 6 April 2017.
  74. Ameka, G. K.; Clerk, G. C.; Pfeifer, E.; Rutishauser, R. (2003). "Developmental morphology of Ledermanniella bowlingii (Podostemaceae) from Ghana". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 237 (3–4): 165–183. doi:10.1007/s00606-002-0253-6. ISSN 0378-2697.
  75. Ampofo, Joseph; C. Clerk, George (2010). "Diversity of Bacteria Contaminants in Tissues of Fish Cultured in Organic Waste-Fertilized Ponds: Health Implications~!2009-10-15~!2010-02-16~!2010-06-17~!". The Open Fish Science Journal. 3: 142–146. doi:10.2174/1874401X01003010142. Archived from the original on 19 March 2018.
  76. Annang, Ted Y.; Yirenya-Tawiah, R. D.; Clerk, G. C.; Smith, Thomas (2014-06-19). "Some aspects of the ecology of freshwater algae in the Densu River and two tributaries in Southern Ghana". International Journal of Environment. 3 (2): 246–257. doi:10.3126/ije.v3i2.10637. ISSN 2091-2854. Archived from the original on 5 May 2015.
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