Freedom Tower (Miami)

Freedom Tower
The Freedom Tower in downtown Miami as of September 2010.
Location Miami, Florida, USA
Coordinates 25°46′48″N 80°11′23″W / 25.78000°N 80.18972°W / 25.78000; -80.18972Coordinates: 25°46′48″N 80°11′23″W / 25.78000°N 80.18972°W / 25.78000; -80.18972
Built 1925[1]
Architect George A. Fuller, Schultze & Weaver[1][2]
Architectural style Spanish Renaissance Revival[1]
NRHP reference # 79000665[2]
Significant dates
Added to NRHP September 10, 1979
Designated NHL October 6, 2008

The Freedom Tower (Spanish: Torre de la Libertad) is a building in Miami, Florida, designed by Schultze and Weaver. It is currently used as a contemporary art museum and a central office to different disciplines in the arts associated with Miami Dade College. It is located at 600 Biscayne Boulevard on the Wolfson Campus of Miami Dade College. On September 10, 1979, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. It was designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark on October 6, 2008, for its role in hosting services for processing Cubans fleeing to Florida.[3][4] On April 18, 2012, the AIA's Florida Chapter placed the building on its list of Florida Architecture: 100 Years. 100 Places as the Freedom Tower / Formerly Miami News and Metropolis Building.[5]

The Freedom Tower is directly served by the Miami Metrorail at the Government Center Station and the Historic Overtown/Lyric Theatre Station, as well as by the Metromover at the Freedom Tower Station on the Omni Loop.

History

Originally completed in 1925 as the headquarters and printing facility for the newspaper The Miami News, the Freedom Tower is an example of a Mediterranean Revival styled structure with design elements borrowed from the Giralda in Seville, Spain. Its cupola on a 255-foot (78 m) tower contained a decorative beacon.

Miami Freedom Tower Cupola

The Miami News vacated the building in 1957 to relocate to a new facility on the Miami River. As refugees from Cuba fleeing Fidel Castro's communist regime arrived in Miami during the 1960s, the federal government used the facility to process, document and provide medical and dental services for the newcomers. After the major era of refugees ended in 1972, the federal government sold the building to private buyers in 1974. In 1979, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[6]

The New World Mural 1513, painted in 1988 by The Miami Artisans; Wade S. Foy, John Conroy, William Mark Coulthard, Phylis Shaw, Gerome Villa Bergsen and Ana Bikic. The mural is situated in the Grand Hall on the second floor; however, it sometimes has limited access for the public. The mural is a recreation of the ruined original from 1926, originally commissioned by the tower's developer James Middleton Cox in 1926 and again in 1987 by architect Richard Hiessenbottle RA. The center poem by Edwin Markham, poet Laureate for the Lincoln Memorial address.

In 1997, the building was purchased for US $4.1 million by the family of Jorge Mas Canosa, founder of MasTec and initiator of the Cuban American National Foundation. The Mas family then restored the tower to its original state and converted it into a monument for the refugees who fled to the United States from communist Cuba. It housed a museum, library, meeting hall, and the offices of the Cuban American National Foundation. Salsa legend Celia Cruz was memorialized at the Freedom Tower upon her death in 2003, with more than 200,000 turning out to show their respects.[7]

In 2005, the Mas family and Pedro Martin and his company, Terra Group, entered into an agreement that led to the Freedom Tower being donated to Miami Dade College. Today, it is used as a museum, a cultural center, and an educational center.

The building has a heavy history and is reinventing itself once again as it lends itself to a new purpose. The building is gaining a significant amount of local recognition for its major exhibitions and growth as an institution of art, serving the community as a non profit organization. The MDC Museum of Art + Design is on the second floor of the building and offers a wide range of exhibits, which are free and open to the public.

Miami Dade College has hosted several major exhibitions, including showcases of the works of masters Dalí, Goya and Da Vinci. The Freedom Tower is home to the Cuban American Museum.

On April 13, 2015, Cuban-American Florida Senator Marco Rubio chose the Freedom Tower as the venue for the announcement of his presidential campaign, citing the significance of the location as a beacon representing freedom for Cuban-Americans.

On September 17, 2015, His Majesty The King of Spain, Felipe VI, received the Presidential Medal the highest distinction from Miami-Dade College, from its President Eduardo Padron.[8]

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Freedom Tower". Florida Heritage Tourism Interactive Catalog. Florida's Office of Cultural and Historical Programs. June 24, 2007. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007.
  2. 1 2 "National Register of Historical Places - Florida (FL), Miami-Dade County". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. June 24, 2007.
  3. ↑ "NHL nomination for Freedom Tower" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved January 13, 2018.
  4. ↑ "Weekly List Of Actions Taken On Properties: 10/6/08 through 10/10/08". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. October 17, 2008.
  5. ↑ "Freedom Tower / Formerly Miami News and Metropolis Building". Florida Architecture: 100 Years. 100 Places. The Florida Association Of The American Institute Of Architects. January 5, 2014.
  6. ↑ "National Historic Landmark Nomination: Freedom Tower" (PDF). National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. October 8, 2008.
  7. ↑ Martin, Lydia. "A long goodbye". Cubanet.
  8. ↑ http://news.mdc.edu/king-of-spain-to-visit-miami-dade-college/
Records
Preceded by
McAllister Hotel		 Tallest Building in Miami
1925–1928
78m		 Succeeded by
Miami-Dade County Courthouse
Preceded by
Heard National Bank Building		 Tallest Building in Florida
1925–1926
78m		 Succeeded by
Coral Gables Biltmore Hotel
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