Eucalyptus conferruminata

Bald Island marlock
Eucalyptus conferruminata, Melbourne
Fruit: Cranbourne Botanic Gardens
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Clade:Angiosperms
Clade:Eudicots
Clade:Rosids
Order:Myrtales
Family:Myrtaceae
Genus:Eucalyptus
Species: E. conferruminata
Binomial name
Eucalyptus conferruminata
D.J.Carr & S.G.M.Carr
E. conferruminata, field distribution
Eucalyptus conferruminata flowers and buds
Eucalyptus conferruminata fruits
Eucalyptus conferruminata buds

Eucalyptus conferruminata, commonly known as Bald Island marlock or bushy yate,[1] is a small tree or mallee native to the south coast of Western Australia.[2]

Description

The mallee or tree typically grows to a height of 2 to 8 metres (7 to 26 ft)[2] and has smooth, grey and whitish grey bark and a bushy habit. Adult leaves are elliptical to 9 centimetres (3.5 in) in length and 2.5 cm (0.98 in) wide concolorous, glossy, light green.[3] Yellow-green flowers appear from late winter to late spring between August and November.[4] The axillary inflorescences are on unbranched strap-like peduncles that are around 7 cm (2.8 in) long. Each inflorescence has between seven and twenty flowers. That buds are sessile with a fused hypanthia. The buds have a length of about 5.5 cm (2.2 in) with a diameter of about 2 cm (0.79 in), are scarred and have a horn-shaped operculum. The fruits that form later have an ascending disc and three strongly exserted valves. They contain blackish brown seeds with a flattened-ovoid to cuboid shape.[5]

Taxonomy

The species was first formally described by the botanists Denis John Carr and Stella Grace Maisie Carr in 1981 as part of the work The Lehmannianae: a natural group of Western Australian eucalypts as published in the Australian Journal of Botany.[6]

The type specimen was collected by Alex George in 1970.[7]

E. conferruminata belongs in Eucalyptus subgenus Symphyomyrtus section Bisectae subsection Hadrotes because the coarsely bisected cotyledons, erect stamens and larger thick rimmed fruits. The subsection Hadrotes contains ten species of which eight do not have oil glands in the branchlet pith. Together these eight species form series Lehmannianae, a group that have fruit with exserted valves that have fused tips even after the seeds are lost, a feature also shared with the distantly related Eucalyptus cornuta.[8]

Of the eight species in series Lehmannianae four species; E. conferruminata, E. lehmannii, E. mcquoidii and E. arborella all have the buds in each an axillary cluster that is fused basally.[8]

Distribution

Native distribution is limited to the south of Western Australia, from Two Peoples Bay east to beyond Esperance, including islands in the Archipelago of the Recherche. Always coastal often on massive granite rocks.[4] It is often found on hillsides and in gullies growing in sandy-loamy soils over granite or quartzite.[2]

The species has become naturalised in the Southwest region of Western Australia, via revegetation projects, windbreaks, and as a garden escapee.[2] E. conferruminata has a limited distribution in Victoria where it has become sparingly established in the Gippsland Plain and Wimmera areas after having spread by see dispersal from planted trees.[5] The species, once sold as Eucalyptus lehmannii, has also become naturalised in California.[9]

Cultivation

The plant is sold commercially as an ornamental, wind break or for erosion control. It will tolerate drought once established, moderate frost and grows in a variety of soil types including waterlogged soils.[1]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Eucalyptus conferruminata". Australian Native Plants. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Eucalyptus conferruminata". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  3. ↑ "Eucalyptus conferruminata D.J.Carr & S.G.M.Carr". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
  4. 1 2 Brooker, I. & Kleinig, D., Eucalyptus, An illustrated guide to identification, Reed Books, Melbourne, 1996
  5. 1 2 "Eucalyptus conferruminata D.J.Carr & S.G.M.Carr". VicFlora. Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
  6. ↑ "Eucalyptus conferruminata D.J.Carr & S.G.M.Carr". Atlas of Living Australia. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 23 December 2017.
  7. ↑ "Eucalyptus conferruminata". Eucalink. Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney. 23 December 2017.
  8. 1 2 "Eucalyptus lehmannii". Euclid. CSIRO. Retrieved 23 December 2017.
  9. ↑ Bracewell, Ronald; Rawlings, John. "Eucalyptus lehmannii, bushy yate · E. conferruminata, bald island marlock | Trees of Stanford & Environs". trees.stanford.edu. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
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