Emilio Jacinto

Emilio Jacinto
Born Emilio Jacinto y Dizon
(1875-12-15)15 December 1875
Tondo, Manila, Captaincy General of the Philippines
Died 16 April 1899(1899-04-16) (aged 23)
Magdalena, Laguna, Philippine Islands
Other names "Pingkian", "Dimasilaw", "Ka Ilyong"
Alma mater

Colegio de San Juan de Letran

University of Santo Tomas
Spouse(s) Catalina de Jesus with son Emilio Jacinto y De Jesus Jr. (1899)

Emilio Jacinto y Dizon (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈmiljo xaˈsinto]; 15 December 1875 – 16 April 1899) was a Filipino General during the Philippine Revolution. He was one of the highest-ranking officer in the Philippine Revolution and was one of the highest-ranking officers of the revolutionary society Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan, or simply and more popularly called Katipunan, being a member of its Supreme Council. He was elected Secretary of State for the Haring Bayang Katagalugan, a revolutionary government established during the outbreak of hostilities. He is popularly known in Philippine history textbooks as the Brains of the Katipunan while some contend he should be rightfully recognized as the "Brains of the Revolution" (a title given to Apolinario Mabini). Jacinto was present in the so-called Cry of Pugad Lawin (or Cry of Balintawak) with Andrés Bonifacio, the Supreme President of the Katipunan, and others of its members which signaled the start of the Revolution against the Spanish colonial government in the islands.

Grave (Santa Maria Magdalena Parish Church of Magdalena -Magdalena, Laguna)
Old 20 peso bill that features Emilio Jacinto and Andres Bonifacio
Emilio Jacinto's New Monument In Magdalena Laguna unveiled last April 2017.

Biography

Born in Manila, Jacinto was proficient both in Spanish and Tagalog. He attended San Juan de Letran College, and later transferred to the University of Santo Tomas to study law. Manuel Quezon, Sergio Osmeña and Juan Sumulong were classmates. He did not finish college and, at the age of 19, joined the secret society called Katipunan. He became the advisor on fiscal matters and secretary to Andrés Bonifacio. He was later known as Utak ng Katipunan. He and Bonifacio also befriended Apolinario Mabini when they attempted to continue José Rizal's La Liga Filipina.

Jacinto also wrote for the Katipunan newspaper called Kalayaan. He wrote in the newspaper under the pen name "Dimasilaw", and used the alias "Pingkian" in the Katipunan. Jacinto was the author of the Kartilya ng Katipunan as well.

After Bonifacio's execution, Jacinto pressed on with the Katipunan's struggle. Like general Mariano Álvarez, he refused to join the forces of general Emilio Aguinaldo, the leader of the Katipunan's Magdalo faction. Jacinto lived in Laguna and also joined the militia fighting the Spaniards. Jacinto contracted malaria and died on April 16, 1899 in Magdalena, Laguna.[1] His remains were initially buried in Santa Cruz, Laguna, and were transferred to Manila North Cemetery a few years later.

He was married to Catalina de Jesus, who was pregnant at the time of his death.[2]

Tributes

In the 1970s, Jacinto's remains were transferred and enshrined at Himlayang Pilipino Memorial Park in Quezon City. At the shrine is a life-size bronze sculpture of a defiant Jacinto riding a horse during his days as a revolutionary. Another statue of Jacinto is located in Mehan Garden.

Jacinto's likeness used to be featured on the old 20 peso bill that circulated from 1949 to 1969, and also on the old 20 centavo coin. Another Monument Of Jacinto In Magdalena Laguna was unveiled last April 2017.

  • Portrayed by Smokey Manaloto in 1995 TV series Bayani, in episode "Andres Bonifacio: KKK".
  • Portrayed by Cris Villanueva in 1996 TV series Bayani, in 2 episodes.
  • Portrayed by Alvin Aragon in official Music Video GMA Lupang Hinirang in 2010
  • Portrayed by RJ Agustin in the 2013 TV series Katipunan.
  • Portrayed by Joem Bascon in the 2014 film Bonifacio: Ang Unang Pangulo.
  • Portrayed by Jhay Sar Barnuevo

References

  1. ↑ Jose Veloso Abueva (1998). Pagbubuo Ng Bansa at Republika Ng Pilipinas. University of the Philippines Press. p. 483. ISBN 978-971-542-215-4.
  2. ↑ Emilio Jacinto family "A few years back she (Catalina de la Cruz) was married to a top rebel leader which means constant packing and unpacking, moving from place to place stealthily in the dread of the night and the possibility of entrapment and death. Now that the terror has ended, it was time to become an excellent housewife and tender lover. One night, Jacinto and Taling as he called his wife, were alone together, she whispered to her husband's ears about the coming of an offspring. "Are you serious?" Miling jumped from his chair with exultation. Taling coyly answered with another question, "Have you known me to lie to you?" With his eyes flashing and his voice throbbing with the excitement of a sudden fatherhood, Jacinto explained, "if it is a daughter, she shall be named after you but if the infant is a boy, he shall be called Emilio Jr." After a few months, a baby boy was born and Jacinto doubled his efforts to increase his income from cattle trading. He fanned out to buy and sell cows from various places. In his spare time, he devoted himself to writing poetry which became the only diversion he allowed for himself. However, even happy days come to an end. Jacinto was afflicted with malaria which ravaged his brain. He died on 16 April 1899. Though he was taken away at the young age of 23, Jacinto left behind a splitting image of himself through his son." Augusto V. de Viana, "Stories Rarely Told" New Day Publishers, 2013. p. 86-87
  • National Heroes: Emilio Jacinto. Accessed 1 September 2006. * MSC's honor to Jacinto
  • David, Randy (2010-12-19). "Jacinto". Philippine Daily Inquirer. INQUIRER.net, An INQUIRER Company. Retrieved 2010-12-19.
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