Elephantida

Elephantidans
Temporal range: Miocene - Holocene, 23–0 Ma
Gomphotherium
Gomphotherium skeleton
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Proboscidea
Clade:Elephantimorpha
Clade:Elephantida
Tassy & Shoshani, 1997
Subgroups[1][2]

Elephantida is a group that contains the elephants as well as their extinct relatives, the gomphotheres and stegodontids. The following cladogram shows the relationships among elephantidans, based on hyoid characteristics:[1]

 

Elephantimorpha

 

†Mammutidae (Mastodons)

 
Elephantida

 

†Gomphotheriidae (Gomphotheres)

 
Elephantoidea

 

†Stegodontidae (Stegodontids)

 
Elephantidae

 

Loxodonta (African elephants)

 
Elephantini

 

†Palaeoloxodon

 
Elephantina

 

Elephas (Asian elephants)

 
 

†Mammuthus (Mammoths)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

References

  1. 1 2 Shoshani, J.; Ferretti, M. P.; Lister, A. M.; Agenbroad, L. D.; Saegusa, H.; Mol, D.; Takahashi, K. (2007). "Relationships within the Elephantinae using hyoid characters". Quaternary International. 169-170: 174. Bibcode:2007QuInt.169..174S. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2007.02.003.
  2. ↑ Mothé, Dimila; Ferretti, Marco P.; Avilla, Leonardo S. (12 January 2016). "The Dance of Tusks: Rediscovery of Lower Incisors in the Pan-American Proboscidean Cuvieronius hyodon Revises Incisor Evolution in Elephantimorpha". PLOS ONE. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147009. Retrieved 4 May 2017.


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