Ebu gogo

The Ebu Gogo are a group of human-like creatures that appear in the mythology of Flores, Indonesia.[1] In the Nage language of central Flores, ebu means "grandmother" and gogo means "he who eats anything". A colloquial English equivalent might be something like "old glutton.

Appearance

The Nage people of Flores describe the Ebu Gogo as walkers and fast runners around 1.5 m tall. They reportedly had wide and flat noses, broad faces with large mouths and hairy bodies. The females also had "long, pendulous breasts".[2] They were said to have murmured in what was assumed to be their own language and could reportedly repeat what was said to them in a parrot-like fashion.[3]

Appearance in Nage folklore

The legends relating to the Ebu Gogo were traditionally attributed to monkeys, according to the journal Nature.[4]

The Nage people believe that the Ebu Gogo were alive at the time of the arrival of Portuguese trading ships in the 17th century, and some hold that they survived as recently as the 20th century, but are now no longer seen. The Ebu Gogo are believed to have been hunted to extinction by the human inhabitants of Flores. They believe that the extermination, which culminated around seven generations ago, was undertaken because the Ebu Gogo stole food from human dwellings, and kidnapped children.[5]

An article in New Scientist gives the following account of folklore on Flores surrounding the Ebu Gogo: in the 18th century, villagers gave the Ebu Gogo a gift of palm fiber to make clothes, and once the Ebu Gogo took the fiber into their cave, the villagers threw in a firebrand to set it alight, killing all of the occupants (one pair may have fled into the forest).[6][7]

There are also legends about the Ebu Gogo kidnapping human children, hoping to learn from them how to cook. The children always easily outwit the Ebu Gogo in the tales.[8]

Speculated connection to Homo floresiensis

The discovery of the remains of a meter-tall hominin on Flores Homo floresiensis, alive perhaps as recently as 13,000 years ago (though a 2016 study suggests 50,000 years),[9] has inspired more literal interpretations of the Ebu Gogo stories. Anthropologist Gregory Forth, Professor of Anthropology at the University of Alberta, Canada has stated that "wildman" myths are prevalent in Southeast Asia and has investigated their linguistic and ritual roots, speculating that H. floresiensis may be evidence that the folktales of Ebu Gogo and similar creatures such as the Orang Pendek on Sumatra may be cultural memories rooted in fact.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Forth, Gregory L. Beneath the volcano: religion, cosmology and spirit classification among the Nage of eastern Indonesia, 1998, ISBN 90-6718-120-X
  2. ↑ Gregory Forth (10 December 2008). Images of the Wildman in Southeast Asia: An Anthropological Perspective. Routledge. p. 15. ISBN 978-1-135-78430-0.
  3. ↑ SPAFA Journal: A Publication of the SEAMEO Regional Centre for Archaeology and Fine Arts (SPAFA). The Centre. 2003. p. 46.
  4. ↑ Wong, Kate (June 2006). "The Littlest Human". Scientific American. 16 (2): 48–57. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0606-48sp.
  5. ↑ Interviews with local inhabitants, featured in the "Australia" episode of The Incredible Human Journey
  6. ↑ Kohn, Marek (15 June 2006). "Homo floresiensis: The little troublemaker". New Scientist. Vol. 186 no. 2504. pp. 45–45.
  7. ↑ Kohn, Marek (18 June 2005). "Far Weirder Than Hobbits". Marek Kohn.
  8. ↑ Forth, Gregory. Images of the Wildman in Southeast Asia: An Anthropological Perspective, Taylor and Francis: 2009
  9. ↑ {Amos, Jonathan (30 March 2016). "Age of 'Hobbit' species revised". BBC News. Retrieved 1 April 2016.}
  • National Geographic News article on H. floresiensis
  • Roberts, Richard (28 October 2004). "Villagers speak of the small, hairy Ebu Gogo". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2009-10-11.

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