EWSD
EWSD (Elektronisches Wählsystem Digital in German, Electronic Digital Switching System/Electronic World Switch Digital[1] in English) is one of the most widely installed telephone exchange systems in the world. EWSD can work as a local or tandem switch or combined local/tandem, and for landline or mobile phones. It was originally developed by Siemens AG, who claims that EWSD switches perform switching for over 160 million subscriber lines in more than 100 countries.
As of 2017, the EWSD product line had been discontinued.[2]
DeTeWe bought its first EWSD under license in 1985 for remote switching. Bosch built its first EWSD as a local exchange in 1986. Deutsche Telekom, formerly Deutsche Bundespost, the largest German telephone company, uses EWSD and System 12 (Alcatel), the former more than the latter.
In 2007, Nokia Corporation and Siemens AG formed a new company Nokia Siemens Networks, and responsibility of further development and shipments of the EWSD system became dependent on the new company. In 2013, after Nokia completed the acquisition of the Siemens stake in the company, Nokia Siemens Networks was rebranded Nokia Solutions and Networks and then, in 2014, Nokia Networks.
History
EWSD was introduced in 1975 as a successor of the Elektronisches Wählsystem (Analog), which was using analogue technology only.
Hardware
Major 6 subsystems are:
- CP (Coordination Processor)
- CCNC (Common Channel Network Control)
- LTG (Line Trunk Group)
- DLU (Digital Line Unit)
- SN (Switching Network)
- PH (ISDN Primary Access) [3]
All system units are redundant so the inactive side can take over immediately in case of an error.
DLU handles analog and ISDN lines and includes codecs for analog lines, one of the BORSCHT functions for subscriber lines. Digital signals are assigned a time slot. DLU concentrates traffic onto an LTG-B unit, as well as Primary Rate ISDN and V5.2 connections. Supervision and address signalling (dial pulse, DTMF) are also integrated in the DLU. For PCM30 (E-1) connections to other exchanges, LTG-C Units are used, which also handle signalling including SS7, MFC R2 signalling, IKZ (dial pulse), and E&M.
The Switching Network consists of 4 space division stages of 16x16 switches, and a time division section with 16 stages of 4x4 switches. Control is provided by the CP Coordination Processor.
There are the following kinds of Coordination Processors:
- CP103 with max 22,000 call attempts in the busy hour
- CP112 with max 60,000 call attempts in the busy hour
- CP113D with max one million call attempts in the busy hour
- CP113C with max six million call attempts in the busy hour
- CP113E with max ten million call attempts in the busy hour
Software
The software of EWSD is called APS (Automatic Program System). The APS is on a hard drive and includes the operating system, developed by Siemens in cooperation with Bosch. It is predominantly written in the CHILL language. Application software is switch-specific and manages functionality including traffic management, path search, and call charging. Support software serves translating programs, binding modules as well as administration of libraries for generating data. Operating and data communication software serve for co-operation of maintenance centers and switching centers.
Technical data
- Number of access lines: to 250,000
- Number of feeder lines: 240,000
- Traffic connection: 25,200
- Call attempts in busy hour: 10 million
- Operating voltages: -48V -60V -90V
- Rate zones: 127, for each zone of 6 tariffs
- Tariff change-over at 15 minute intervals
- Space requirement with 10,000 access lines: 35 square meters