Dryosauridae

Dryosaurids
Temporal range: Middle Jurassic – Late Cretaceous, 163–115 Ma
Dysalotosaurus skeletal mount in Berlin
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Clade:Dinosauria
Order:†Ornithischia
Suborder:†Ornithopoda
Clade:†Dryomorpha
Superfamily:†Dryosauroidea
Milner & Norman, 1984
Family:†Dryosauridae
Milner & Norman, 1984
Subgroups

Dryosaurids were primitive iguanodonts. They are known from Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous rocks of Africa, Europe, and North America.[1][2][3][4]

Phylogeny

Until recently many dryosaurids have been regarded as dubious (Callovosaurus and Kangnasaurus) or as species of the type member, Dryosaurus (Dysalotosaurus, Elrhazosaurus and Valdosaurus). However, more recent studies redescribe these genera as valid.[3][4][5][6][7] The cladogram below follows Paul M. Barrett, Richard J. Butler, Richard J. Twitchett and Stephen Hutt (2011).[7]

 

Rhabdodontidae

 

Muttaburrasaurus

 
 

Rhabdodon

 
 

Zalmoxes

 
 
 

 

Tenontosaurus

 
Dryomorpha

 

Ankylopollexia

 
Dryosauridae

 

Callovosaurus

 
 

Kangnasaurus

 
 

Dryosaurus

 
 

 

Dysalotosaurus

 
 

 

Valdosaurus

 
 

Elrhazosaurus

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

According to an abstract at the SVP 2014 conference, Anabisetia, Macrogryphosaurus, and Trinisaura, all from the Late Cretaceous of Gondwana, are members of Dryosauridae. If so, then Elasmaria would be a derived clade of Cretaceous dryosaurids.[8] However, other phylogenies find that elasmarians are more basal than dryosaurids.[9]

History

References

  1. ↑ Norman, David B.; Weishampel, David B. (1990). "Iguanodontidae and related ornithopods". In Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska Halszka (eds.). The Dinosauria. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 510–533. ISBN 0-520-06727-4.
  2. ↑ Norman, David B. (2004). "Basal Iguanodontia". In Weishampel, D.B.; Dodson, P.; Osmólska H. (eds.). The Dinosauria (2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 413–437. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.
  3. 1 2 Ruiz-Omeñaca, José Ignacio; Pereda Suberbiola Xabier; Galton, Peter M. (2007). "Callovosaurus leedsi, the earliest dryosaurid dinosaur (Ornithischia: Euornithopoda) from the Middle Jurassic of England". In Carpenter Kenneth (ed.). Horns and Beaks: Ceratopsian and Ornithopod Dinosaurs. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. pp. 3–16. ISBN 0-253-34817-X.
  4. 1 2 Galton, Peter M. (2009). "Notes on Neocomian (Lower Cretaceous) ornithopod dinosaurs from England – Hypsilophodon, Valdosaurus, "Camptosaurus", "Iguanodon" – and referred specimens from Romania and elsewhere" (pdf). Revue de Paléobiologie. 28 (1): 211–273.
  5. ↑ McDonald, A.T.; Kirkland, J.I.; DeBlieux, D.D.; Madsen, S.K.; Cavin, J.; Milner, A.R.C.; Panzarin, L. (2010). "New Basal Iguanodonts from the Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah and the Evolution of Thumb-Spiked Dinosaurs". PLoS ONE. 5 (11): e14075. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014075. PMC 2989904. PMID 21124919.
  6. ↑ Andrew T. McDonald (2011). "The taxonomy of species assigned to Camptosaurus (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2783: 52–68.
  7. 1 2 Paul M. Barrett; Richard J. Butler; Richard J. Twitchett; Stephen Hutt (2011). "New material of Valdosaurus canaliculatus (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of southern England". Special Papers in Palaeontology. 86: 131–163.
  8. ↑ Poole, K., 2014. A new phylogeny of iguanodontian dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (5): 207A.
  9. ↑ Fejfar, O.; Košťák, M.; Kvaček, J.; Mazuch, M.; Moučka, M. (2005). "First Cenomanian dinosaur from Central Europe (Czech Republic) - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 50 (2): 295–300.
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