Douglas Fairbanks Jr.

Douglas Fairbanks Jr.
KBE, DSC
Fairbanks in 1973, by Allan Warren
Born Douglas Elton Fairbanks Jr.
(1909-12-09)December 9, 1909
New York City, U.S.
Died May 7, 2000(2000-05-07) (aged 90)
New York City, U.S.
Occupation Actor, naval officer, film producer
Years active 1916–1997
Spouse(s)
Joan Crawford
(m. 1929; div. 1933)

Mary Lee Epling
(m. 1939; d. 1988)

Vera Shelton
(m. 1991)
Children 3
Parent(s) Douglas Fairbanks
Anna Beth Sully
Military career
Allegiance  United States
Service/branch United States Navy
Years of service 1941–54
Rank Captain
Unit Beach Jumpers
Battles/wars

World War II

Awards

Douglas Elton Fairbanks Jr., KBE, DSC (December 9, 1909 – May 7, 2000) was an American actor and a decorated naval officer of World War II.

Early life

Douglas Elton Fairbanks Jr. was born in New York City; he was the only child of actor Douglas Fairbanks and his first wife, Anna Beth Sully. His paternal grandfather was Jewish. His parents divorced when he was nine years old, and both remarried.[1] He lived with his mother in New York, California, Paris and London.[2]

Film career

Stephen Steps Out and Paramount

Fairbanks's father was one of cinema's first icons, noted for such swashbuckling adventure films as The Mark of Zorro, Robin Hood and The Thief of Bagdad. Fairbanks had small roles in his father's films American Aristocracy (1916) and The Three Musketeers (1921).

Largely on the basis of his father's name, Fairbanks Jr. was given a contract with Paramount Pictures at age 14, appearing in Stephen Steps Out (1923).[3][4] His pay was $1,000 a week.[5] The film was not a hit. Paramount fired him, then hired him back a year later at what Fairbanks called "starvation wages" also having him work as a camera assistant.[6] They gave him supporting roles in The Air Mail (1925) and Wild Horse Mesa (1925).

Sam Goldwyn borrowed him to play the juvenile in Stella Dallas (1925). He had supporting roles in Paramount's The American Venus (1926), and Padlocked (1926).

At Warner Bros., Fairbanks was in Broken Hearts of Hollywood (1926), then, at Metropolitan Pictures, he was in Man Bait (1926).[7] At MGM he was in Edmund Goulding's Women Love Diamonds (1927) and for Alfred E. Green at Fox he was in Is Zat So? (1927). He supported Will Rogers in A Texas Steer (1927).

Early leading-man roles

Fairbanks' second lead role was in Dead Man's Curve (1928) for FBO. He was Helene Chadwick's leading man in Modern Mothers (1928) at Columbia and he starred in The Toilers (1928) for Tiffany. Fairbanks starred in another for Columbia, The Power of the Press (1928), directed by Frank Capra. He went back to supporting roles for The Barker (1928) at First National, his first "talkie"[8] and A Woman of Affairs (1928) at MGM with Greta Garbo and John Gilbert. Fairbanks had another starring role at FBO with The Jazz Age (1929) and received top billing over Loretta Young in Fast Life (1928) at Warner Bros.

Our Modern Maidens and Joan Crawford

He appeared in MGM's Our Modern Maidens (1929), which led to a well-publicized romance and marriage to his co-star, Joan Crawford.[3]

First National and Warner Bros.

First National gave Fairbanks a starring role in The Careless Age (1929) and he was reunited with Young in The Forward Pass (1929). He was one of many names in The Show of Shows (1929).

Victor Halperin cast Fairbanks in the lead of Party Girl (1929) then back at First National he did a third with Young, Loose Ankles (1930).

In 1930, Fairbanks Jr. went to Warner Bros. to test for the second lead in Moby Dick (1930). Although he did not win the part, head of production Darryl F. Zanuck was impressed with Douglas's screen test, and cast him in an important role in The Dawn Patrol directed by Howard Hawks.[9]

Universal borrowed him to have the lead role in Little Accident (1930) and at Warners he was in the lead in The Sin Flood (1930). He supported Leslie Howard in the prestigious Outward Bound (1930) and was Billie Dove's leading man in One Night at Susie's (1930).

Little Caesar

Fairbanks had an excellent role supporting Edward G. Robinson in Little Caesar (1931). "We knew it was going to be good when we were making it but not that it would become a classic," he later said.[6]

The movie was a big hit, and Warner Bros. offered Fairbanks Jr. a contract with cast and script approval — a condition which, Fairbanks Jr. says, was only offered to one other actor at the studio, Richard Barthelmess.[9]

""By sheer accident, I had four successes in a row in the early '30s, and although I was still in my 20s, I demanded and received approval of cast, story and director. I don't know how I got away with it, but I did!"[10]

Because he spoke French he was put in L'aviateur (1931). Back in Hollywood he was in Changes (1931) and I Like Your Nerve (1931) with Young. He starred in two for Alfred E Green, Gentleman for a Day (1932) with Joan Blondell and It's Tough to Be Famous (1932). He starred in a film shot in French, L'athlète incomplet (1932).

He starred in Love Is a Racket (1932) for William Wellman and Scarlet Dawn (1932) for William Dieterle. Fairbanks did another with Green, Parachute Jumper (1933), which gave an early co starring role to Bette Davis.

Fairbanks starred again with Young in The Life of Jimmy Dolan (1933) and did The Narrow Corner (1933) with Green.

RKO borrowed Fairbanks to support Katharine Hepburn in Morning Glory (1933), a big success.

Fairbanks was reunited with Howard in Captured! (1933).

In 1934, Warner asked all its stars to take a 50 percent pay cut because of the Depression. Fairbanks Jr. refused and was fired from the studio. He received a job offer from Britain and spent the next few years there.[11]

Britain

Fairbanks went to Britain to star in Alex Korda's The Rise of Catherine the Great (1934) playing Grand Duke Peter opposite Elisabeth Bergner.

"Hollywood was getting to be a grind," he said at the time. "They had me doing five and six pictures a year. Some of them looked all right on paper but they had the habit of slipping down into programmer class. Only once in three years would I get a part that I cared about. I kept going up and down the ladder and not getting any place. There was nothing stable about my career in Hollywood."[12]

He intended to return to Hollywood to appear in Design for Living but fell ill on the way and Gary Cooper took his part. He did go back for Success at Any Price (1934) at RKO then returned to London for Mimi (1935). The latter starred Gertrude Lawrence, who became romantically involved with Fairbanks Jr. He announced he would make Zorro Rides Again with his father.[12]

Fairbanks fell ill during the 1936 flu epidemic.[13]

He did some films which he helped produce through his Criterion Films label" Man of the Moment (1935), The Amateur Gentleman (1936), Accused (1936), and Jump for Glory (1937) (directed by Raoul Walsh).

Return to Hollywood and focus on action roles

Fairbanks Jr. returned to Hollywood when David O. Selznick offered him the role of Rupert of Hentzau in The Prisoner of Zenda (1937). He had been reluctant to accept the role but his father urged him to do it, saying it was "actor proof".[14] The movie was a big success.

In December 1937 he signed a non-exclusive contract with RKO to make two films a year for five years, at $75,000 a film.[15]

RKO used him as Irene Dunne's leading man in Joy of Living (1938). At Universal he was Danielle Darrieux's co star in The Rage of Paris (1938) and Ginger Rogers's in RKO's Having Wonderful Time (1938).

Selznick used him again in The Young in Heart (1938) with Janet Gaynor.

Fairbanks then had his biggest-ever hit with RKO's Gunga Din (1939), alongside Cary Grant and Victor McLaglen.

Fairbanks Jr. began to work increasingly in action/adventure films: The Sun Never Sets (1939) at Universal; Rulers of the Sea (1939) at Paramount; Green Hell (1940) for James Whale at Universal, s big flop; and Safari (1940) at Paramount.

He had a change of pace when he starred in and co-produced Angels Over Broadway (1940), written and directed by Ben Hecht at Columbia.

His last film before enlisting was The Corsican Brothers (1941), a swashbuckler made as tribute to Fairbanks' father. Fairbanks did not have faith in the film while it was being filmed ("I thought we were cutting corners") but it was a huge success.[6]

World War II

Douglas Fairbanks Jr., "Father of the U.S. Navy Beach Jumpers"

Although celebrated as an actor, Fairbanks was commissioned as a reserve officer in the United States Navy when the United States entered World War II and was assigned to Lord Mountbatten's Commando staff in the United Kingdom.[16]

In 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed him special envoy to South America. Fairbanks served on the cruiser USS Wichita during the disastrous Convoy PQ17 operation.[17]

Having witnessed (and participated in) British training and cross-Channel harassment operations emphasizing the military art of deception, Fairbanks attained a depth of understanding and appreciation of military deception then unheard of in the United States Navy. Lieutenant Fairbanks was subsequently transferred to Virginia Beach where he came under the command of Admiral H. Kent Hewitt, who was preparing U.S. naval forces for the invasion of North Africa.

Fairbanks convinced Hewitt of the advantages of a military deception unit, then repeated the proposal at Hewett's behest to Admiral Ernest King, Chief of Naval Operations. King thereupon issued a secret letter on March 5, 1943 charging the Vice Chief of Naval Operations with the recruitment of 180 officers and 300 enlisted men for the Beach Jumper program.

The Beach Jumpers' mission would simulate amphibious landings with a very limited force. Operating dozens of kilometers from the actual landing beaches and utilizing their deception equipment, the Beach Jumpers would lure the enemy into believing that theirs was the principal landing.

United States Navy Beach Jumpers saw their initial action in Operation Husky, the invasion of Sicily. Throughout the remainder of the war, the Beach Jumpers conducted their hazardous, shallow-water operations throughout the Mediterranean.

For his planning the diversion-deception operations and his part in the amphibious assault on Southern France, Lieutenant Commander Fairbanks was awarded the United States Navy's Legion of Merit with bronze V (for valor), the Italian War Cross for Military Valor, the French Légion d'honneur and the Croix de guerre with Palm, and the British Distinguished Service Cross.

Fairbanks was also awarded the Silver Star for valor displayed while serving on PT boats and in 1942 made an Officer the National Order of the Southern Cross, conferred by the Brazilian government.[18][19]

Among his other exploits was the sinking of the corvette UJ-6083 (formerly the Regia Marina Gabbiano-class Capriolo) while in command of a mixed division of American PT Boats and British Insect-class gunboats plus assorted other small craft. Fairbanks commanded from HMS Aphis.[20]

Fairbanks stayed in the US Naval Reserve after the war and ultimately retired as a captain in 1954.

Post-war years

Hollywood

Fairbanks with Maureen O'Hara in Sinbad the Sailor (1947)

Fairbanks returned to Hollywood at the conclusion of World War II. He spent two years finding a comeback vehicle and picked Sinbad the Sailor (1947), which was not a big hit.

He followed it with The Exile (1947), another swashbuckler, which Fairbanks wrote and produced; it was directed by Max Ophuls. The film was the first of three independent films Fairbanks was to produce - the others being a big screen version of Terry and the Pirates, and a film called Happy Go Lucky.[21][22] It was another box office disappointment.

He thought his career would be revived by That Lady in Ermine with Betty Grable but director Ernst Lubitsch died during production and was replaced by Otto Preminger; the resulting film was not a success and Fairbanks Jr believes this cost his career momentum.[23]

Fairbanks tried another swashbuckler for his own company, The Fighting O'Flynn (1949).[24]

British Career

As a confirmed Anglophile, Fairbanks spent much time in the United Kingdom, where he was well known in the highest social circles. He was made an Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in 1949 and moved there in the early 1950s.

Fairbanks starred in the British thriller State Secret (1950) written and directed by Sidney Gilliat and a comedy for Val Guest, Mr Drake's Duck (1951)[25]

Between 1954 and 1956 he also made a number of half-hour programs at one of the smaller Elstree film studios as part of a syndicated anthology series for television called Douglas Fairbanks Presents.[26][27]

In the mid-1950s, Fairbanks was a guest star on NBC's The Martha Raye Show. On February 7, 1957, he appeared on NBC's The Ford Show starring Tennessee Ernie Ford.

He co-produced the films The Silken Affair (1957) and Chase a Crooked Shadow (1958).[28]

In 1961, he was a guest at the wedding of Katharine Worsley to Prince Edward, Duke of Kent.[29]

Coat of Arms of Douglas Fairbanks Jr.
Fairbanks in 1958 wearing the mantle and insignia of a Knight of Justice of the Order of St. John.

He guest starred on shows such as Route 66, The DuPont Show of the Week, The United States Steel Hour, The Red Skelton Hour, Dr. Kildare, and ABC Stage 67. He played King Richard in a TV musical The Legend of Robin Hood (1968).[30]

Later career

On stage, Fairbanks toured in My Fair Lady in 1968, and in The Pleasure of His Company several times, including tours in the U.S. in 1970–72 and the 1977 Australian production with Stanley Holloway, David Langton, Carole Ray and Christine Amore.[31][32]

He appeared in some TV movies and TV series, including The Crooked Hearts (1972), The Hostage Tower (1980), and The Love Boat.

His last feature film was Ghost Story (1981). His last TV roles were in the mini series Strong Medicine (1987) and the TV series B.L. Stryker.

He was the subject of This Is Your Life in 1989 when he was surprised by Michael Aspel.

Personal life

His first notable relationship was with the actress Joan Crawford, whom he began to date seriously during the filming of Our Modern Maidens. Fairbanks and Crawford married on June 3, 1929 at St. Malachy in New York City.[33] Fairbanks was only 19; Crawford was four years older.

They travelled to Britain on a delayed honeymoon, where he was entertained by Noël Coward, Gertrude Lawrence, Beatrice Lillie, and Prince George, Duke of Kent. He became active in both society and politics, but Crawford was far more interested in her career and had an affair with Clark Gable. In his first autobiography he would later admit that he was also unfaithful during that period and that he unsuccessfully pursued Katharine Hepburn during the filming of Morning Glory. The couple divorced in 1933, but the divorce would not become final for another year.[34]

Despite their divorce, Fairbanks was quick to defend Crawford when her adopted daughter Christina Crawford published Mommie Dearest, a scathing biography of Crawford's personal life. He firmly stated, "The Joan Crawford that I've heard about in Mommie Dearest is not the Joan Crawford I knew back then."[35] In his autobiography he would state that he never saw a hint of any significant anger outbursts from Crawford during their marriage and that she was more likely to sulk or argue than become angry.

On April 22, 1939, Fairbanks married Mary Lee Hartford (née Mary Lee Epling), a former wife of Huntington Hartford, the A&P supermarket heir. He remained devoted to her until her death in 1988. They had three daughters: Daphne, Victoria and Melissa, as well as eight grandchildren and ten great-grandchildren.[36]

The College of Arms in London granted Fairbanks a coat of arms symbolizing the U.S. and Britain united across the blue Atlantic Ocean by a silken knot of friendship.[37]

In 1982, Fairbanks was awarded the German Federal Cross of Merit for his contribution to the relief of the needy in occupied Germany.

It has been claimed that Douglas Fairbanks Jr. was one of the naked men in the incriminating photos used as evidence in the divorce trial of Margaret Campbell, Duchess of Argyll in 1963.[38][39]

He was also named in connection with the Profumo Scandal.[40]

Fairbanks was a friend of Laurence Olivier and was among the contributors to a documentary by The South Bank Show called Laurence Olivier: A Life. He was also a close friend of Sir Rex Harrison and was a presenter at Harrison's New York City memorial service.

He wrote his autobiography, Salad Days, in 1988.[41] In addition, Fairbanks wrote a chronicle of his experiences during the Second World War, A Hell of a War published in 1993.[42] Beyond his two volumes of autobiography, Fairbanks collaborated with Richard Schickel on the illustrated survey of Fairbanks Sr. and Jr. called The Fairbanks Album (1975)[43] and Jeffrey Vance with a critical study/biography of Fairbanks Sr. ultimately published as Douglas Fairbanks (2008).[44]

On May 30, 1991, Fairbanks married Vera Lee Shelton, a merchandiser for QVC Network Inc.[45]

Death and legacy

Fairbanks' tomb at Hollywood Forever

On the morning of May 7, 2000, Fairbanks died at the age of 90 of a heart attack and was interred at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Hollywood, California, in the same tomb as his father.

Fairbanks has three stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame: one for motion pictures at 6318 Hollywood Boulevard, one for television at 6665 Hollywood Boulevard and one for radio at 6710 Hollywood Boulevard. In 1969 he was inducted into the Hall of Fame of the International Best Dressed List.[46]

The moving image collection of Douglas Fairbanks Jr. is held at the Academy Film Archive and includes over 90 reels of home movies.[47]

Estate

Fairbanks's personal belongings were auctioned September 13, 2011 by Doyle New York, surpassing estimated proceeds by netting over a half-million dollars.[48]

Filmography

Radio appearances

YearProgramEpisode/source
1946Screen Guild PlayersThe Old Lady Shows Her Medals[49]

Awards and honors

References

  1. ↑ "Douglas Fairbanks Jr., Film Star, TV Producer and Good-Will Ambassador, Dies at 90". The New York Times. May 8, 2000. p. B7.
  2. ↑ "Commander Douglas Elton Fairbanks Jr., USNR". Biographies in Naval History. Naval Historical Foundation (U.S.). June 14, 2006. Archived from the original on October 7, 2008. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
  3. 1 2 Bawden & Miller (2016), p. 94.
  4. ↑ "Stephen Steps Out". The Mail. 12 (622). Adelaide, Australia. 19 April 1924. p. 13. Retrieved 20 March 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  5. ↑ "Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. to get $1,000 a week". The Washington Post. May 24, 1923 – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  6. 1 2 3 Thomas, K. (November 5, 1978). "Douglas Fairbanks Jr. At 68: Semiretired 'Actor Fellow'". Los Angeles Times – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  7. ↑ "Youth Has High Hopes For Future". Los Angeles Times. April 24, 1927 – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  8. ↑ "Douglas Fairbanks Jr". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 23, 1947 – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  9. 1 2 Bawden & Miller (2016), p. 96.
  10. ↑ Gruen, J. (March 16, 1989). "Halcyon Hollywood Douglas Fairbanks Jr. remembers the Golden Age in Tinseltown". Chicago Tribune – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  11. ↑ Bawden & Miller (2016), p. 99.
  12. 1 2 "Douglas Fairbanks Jr. Returns". The New York Times. December 10, 1933 – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  13. ↑ "'Flu. Epidemic In England". The Courier-Mail (810). Brisbane, Australia. 3 April 1936. p. 17. Retrieved 20 March 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  14. ↑ Sweeney, Louise (November 17, 1989). "Douglas Fairbanks Jr. blames the public for tasteless films". The Christian Science Monitor – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  15. ↑ Schallert, E. (December 28, 1937). "Irene Dunne, Fairbanks and Grant Sign Long Contracts with R.K.O." Los Angeles Times – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  16. ↑ Schultz, F. L.; O'Doughda, L. (October 1993). "An interview with Douglas Fairbanks, Jr.: "A Hell of a War"". Naval History. 7 (3). U.S. Naval Institute.
  17. ↑ "Film Idol Who Walked With Kings". The Argus. Melbourne, Australia. 28 May 1955. p. 42. Retrieved 20 March 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  18. ↑ "Decretos de 7 de Setembro de 1941, Página 13, Seção 1". Diário Oficial da União (in Portuguese). 3 October 1941.
  19. ↑ "Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. awarded the Silver Star". The Christian Science Monitor. January 17, 1944 – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  20. ↑ Taylor, Russ (2012). "H.M.S. Scarab, Royal Navy Insect Class River Gunboat, 1939–1945". Frank S. Taylor Family and Royal Navy History.net.
  21. ↑ Schallert, Edwin (20 June 1946). "'Exile' to Head Doug's Independent Program". Los Angeles Times.
  22. ↑ "Fairbanks Agrees to Make 3 Films: Actor and International Sign Production Deal--He Will Have Lead in 'The Exile' Laraine Day as Alice Adams Of Local Origin". The New York Times. 20 June 1946.
  23. ↑ Bawden & Miller (2016), p. 103.
  24. ↑ D.O.J.M. (February 11, 1949). "Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., star of 'Fighting O'Flynn'". The Christian Science Monitor – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  25. ↑ Bawden & Miller (2016), p. 105.
  26. ↑ Halliwell's Television Companion (3rd ed.). Grafton Books. 1986.
  27. ↑ J. G. (January 9, 1953). "Radio and Television". The New York Times – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  28. ↑ Schallert, Edwin (8 October 1956). "Grant, Tierney ideal 'Prescott Affair' duo; Lyceum plan on slate". Los Angeles Times. p. C11.
  29. ↑ "Wedding At York; Wedding Of Prince Edward". British Pathé. 1961.
  30. ↑ Page, D. (January 19, 1968). "Another Fairbanks roams Sherwood Forest". Los Angeles Times – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  31. ↑ "The old-fashioned charm of (Sir) Douglas, actor and gentleman". The Australian Women's Weekly. 44 (35). Sydney, Australia. 2 February 1977. p. 4. Retrieved 20 March 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  32. ↑ "Douglas Fairbanks Jr. to set Drury Lane mark". Chicago Tribune. November 29, 1970 – via State Library of NSW. (registration required)
  33. ↑ Alleman, Richard (March 6, 2013). New York: The Movie Lover's Guide: The Ultimate Insider Tour of Movie New York. Crown/Archetype. p. 131. ISBN 978-0804137782.
  34. ↑ Chandler, Charlotte (December 11, 2012). Not the Girl Next Door: Joan Crawford: A Personal Biography. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1471105869.
  35. ↑ Alexander, Ron (April 20, 1988). "Douglas Fairbanks Jr. Tells His Story (Some of It, That Is)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
  36. ↑ Alexander, Ron (April 20, 1988). "Douglas Fairbanks Jr. Tells His Story (Some of It, That Is)". The New York Times.
  37. ↑ http://www.college-of-arms.gov.uk/news-grants/news/item/136-the-order-of-the-british-empire
  38. ↑ Hoge, Warren (August 16, 2000). "London Journal: A Sex Scandal of the '60s, Doubly Scandalous Now". The New York Times. Retrieved March 26, 2018.
  39. ↑ Hall, Sarah (10 August 2000). "'Headless men' in sex scandal finally named". The Guardian. London.
  40. ↑ "Fairbanks Denies Girl'S Story". The Canberra Times. 37 (10, 597). Canberra, Australia. 25 July 1963. p. 1. Retrieved 20 March 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  41. ↑ Fairbanks Jr., Douglas (1988). Salad Days. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-17404-6.
  42. ↑ Fairbanks Jr., Douglas (1993). A Hell of a War. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-08807-8.
  43. ↑ Schickel, Richard (1975). The Fairbanks Album. Boston: New York Graphic Society. ISBN 0-8212-0637-0.
  44. ↑ Vance, Jeffrey (2008). Douglas Fairbanks. Berkeley, CA: Academy Imprints/University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-25667-5.
  45. ↑ "A touch of Autumn in the air". New York Social Diary. September 19, 2011. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
  46. ↑ "The International Hall of Fame: Men". Vanity Fair. July 7, 2011. Archived from the original on June 1, 2012.
  47. ↑ "Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. Collection". Academy Film Archive.
  48. ↑ "Doyle New York's Auction of the Estate of Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. on September 13, 2011 Tops $500,000". Doyle Auction House. September 13, 2011. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
  49. ↑ "E. & L. Barrymore With Fairbanks Jr., Star on Screen Guild Players". Harrisburg Telegraph. October 5, 1946. p. 17. Retrieved October 2, 2015 – via Newspapers.com.
  • Bawden, James; Miller, Ron (4 March 2016). Conversations with Classic Film Stars: Interviews from Hollywood's Golden Era. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0-8131-6712-1.
  • McNulty, Thomas (2004). Errol Flynn: the Life and Career. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland and Company Inc. ISBN 978-0-78641-750-6.

Further reading

  • Wise, James (1997). Stars in Blue: Movie Actors in America's Sea Services. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1557509379. OCLC 36824724.
  • Douglas Fairbanks Jr. on IMDb
  • "Obituary: Douglas Fairbanks Jr". The Daily Telegraph. 8 May 2000.
  • "Photographs of Douglas Fairbanks Jr". Virtual-History.com.
  • "Fairbanks, Jr, Douglas Elton Ulman (Oral history)". Imperial War Museum. July 31, 1984.
  • "Douglas Fairbanks Jr KBE DSC (1909-2000)". The Big Red Book.
  • Douglas Fairbanks Jr. and the Beach Jumpers 9:55 video
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