Dina Ali Lasloom

Dina Ali Lasloom
Last known photo of Dina Ali (left), April 10, 2017, being confronted by her uncles in Manila
Native name	دينا علي السلوم
Born	March 29, 1993 Saudi Arabia
Disappeared	April 12, 2017 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Status	Believed to be in a Saudi women's detention center, released to male guardians, or deceased.
Nationality	Saudi Arabian
Occupation	English Teacher in Kuwait
Known for	Attempting to flee Saudi Arabian male guardianship
Height	5 ft 2 in (157 cm)
Movement	Women's Rights In Saudi Arabia

Dina Ali Lasloom (Arabic: دينا علي السلوم‎; born March 29, 1993)^[1] is a Saudi woman who attempted to seek asylum in Australia to escape Saudi guardianship laws.^[2] She was stopped during transit at Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Manila on April 10, 2017, and sent back to Saudi Arabia on April 11, 2017.^[3][4]

Lasloom's documents were confiscated by Filipino airport officials in the International Zone.^[5][6] Her case spread widely on social media after she recorded a video with the help of a Canadian tourist at the Manila airport, in which she said she feared her family would kill her if she returned.^[7][8] However, despite physically resisting, she was forcibly taken onto a plane by her uncles on April 11, 2017, to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.^[9][10][11]

This is a rare documented case in the history of female liberation in Saudi Arabia,^[12][13] bearing many parallels to that of Princess Misha'al. Taleb Al Abdulmohsen, a self-described ex-Muslim who aids people attempting to flee Saudi Arabia, said that Lasloom did not disclose her beliefs or circumstances to him; however, most of those who seek his counsel are domestic violence victims, gay or have rejected Islam.^[14]

Madawi al-Rasheed, a visiting professor at the London School of Economics Middle East Centre, commented that Lasloom's case is "a classic... in which state and family cooperate against women in KSA."^[15] Reasons pushing Saudi women to flee their country are various, mostly stemming from a severe lack of women rights. Under the Saudi guardianship system adult women must obtain permission from a male guardian to travel abroad, marry, or be released from prison, and may be required to provide guardian consent to work or get health care. These restrictions last from birth until death, as women are, in the view of the Saudi state, permanent legal minors.^[16]

Her case has sparked global outrage with millions of sympathizers around the world.^[17][18]

Events at Manila Airport

Screenshot of Dina's self-recorded video testimony

The role Philippines authorities played in Lasloom’s return is unclear. As a party to the 1951 Refugee Convention and the Convention against Torture, the Philippines has an obligation not to return anyone to a territory where they face persecution because of their gender or a real risk of torture or cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment.^[19]

Frame from video circulated globally on social media of Dina Ali (right) arguing with the woman who arrived with her uncles

While on a layover in the Philippines, Dina Ali was allegedly detained by the Philippines authorities and held until male relatives from Saudi Arabia could arrive and return her to their home. A video posted on Twitter purports to be her testimony before being kidnapped and returned to Saudi Arabia. No face is shown in the video. In the testimony, she claims that she will be killed upon return to her family.^[20] [21]

Dina stated in the self-recorded video that the Philippine authorities had held her at the Manila airport, and confiscated her passport. She is quoted to have said, "My name is Dina Ali and I'm a Saudi woman who fled Saudi Arabia to Australia to seek asylum. If my family come they will kill me. If I go back to Saudi Arabia I will be dead." The video has been circulated widely on social media.^[22][23] A Canadian tourist allowed Dina to use her phone, and shared her witness account.^[24][25]

A second video later surfaced, showing Lasloom arguing with a woman Dina identified to that tourist as a representative from the Kuwait Embassy: "He is not my father, he is not my father, he is not my father. You are not helping, you don't know him," referring to her uncle. Another witness published a video on YouTube where several security personnel are seen and Dina is heard screaming in the background from the airport in Manila.^[26]

Dina told the airport workers that she was in danger the entire time. Several times she cried hysterically to them that she needed help. They ignored her. I saw myself they looked at her like she didn't exist. They were helpful when I asked questions about my own flights and when I asked about Dina, they gave me more information that they gave her. They told me that they didn't know more other than an important person called and told them to hold her documents and don't allow her to leave. They told me they would give her more information as they found out but they never did. Her uncles arrived while she was trying to eat a sandwich and I was trying to connect to the internet to send the video she had just recorded. I was looking in another direction and Dina noticed when they came in and I knew something was wrong. Her looked terrified and she whispered to me, Meagan, Meagan they are here, send the video, send the video. I asked, those are your uncles and she said yes. When the men approached us, with a woman, they were smiling and looked friendly. They sat down with us and I said hi and Dina started to cry. She said, Meagan, can I speak to you in private and I said yes, and I took my phone and we both had the blue Philippine airline blankets wrapped around us and we went to the washroom. The woman followed us and I whispered and told Dina she's behind us, I am sending the video and I will take pictures, let's go back. So we went back and I sat not far away and took the photos that's online of the two men and Dina. Those are her uncles and across there's a woman, that the woman they came with. Dina told me after she was from the Kuwait Embassy.^[27][28]

Calls to the police department at Manila International airport were not answered on Tuesday night. It is understood that the airport confirmed Lasloom’s detention with an Amnesty International representative.^[29] Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte began a three-day state visit to Saudi Arabia on April 10, the same day Lasloom attempted to fly to Australia.^[30]

Initially, Filipino officials denied any knowledge of Lasloom being detained.^[31][32][33] However, they later confirmed her detention, but attempted to shift blame onto the Saudi government and airline: "As far as immigration is concerned, we did not hold any Saudi national."^[34] The spokeswoman said that if Lasloom was a transiting passenger, then she would not have passed through immigration and it would have been up to the airline to decide what happened to her.^[35]

The Filipino government has been widely condemned for their poor response to the situation by many groups,^[36] including Human Rights Watch director Kenneth Roth, who described it as appalling.^[37]

The only information provided to why Lasloom's transfer to Sydney was stopped by the Filipino airport authorities was that a very important person had called and told them to hold her documents without further information.

Forced onto flight to Riyadh

Saudi activists said Ali was forced onto a Saudi Arabia Airlines flight from Manila to Riyadh on Tuesday night April 11, 2017.^[38][39] A Saudi feminist who obtained the video from an eyewitness reported Dina was forced onto the plane by her two diplomat uncles and Filipino police.^[40][41] Human Rights Watch interviewed four people linked to Dina case, including two who said that they spoke to her at Manila’s Ninoy Aquino International Airport.^[42]

Feminist activist Moudhi Aljohani, who claims to have talked to Dina on the phone,^[43] is quoted in a report in The Australian saying Dina avoided a first attempt to force her onto a plane to Saudi Arabia "by screaming and physically resisting, attracting the attention of other passengers." A video of the incident was released on YouTube.^[44]

An airline security official told Human Rights Watch, he saw two airline security officials and three apparently Middle Eastern men enter the hotel and go to her room, which he said was near the lobby. He said he heard her screaming and begging for help from her room, after which he saw them carry her out with duct tape on her mouth, feet, and hands. He said she was still struggling to break free when he saw them put her in a wheelchair and take her out of the hotel.^[45]

A witness reported in The Australian, said she saw a women being pulled out of a room with her mouth taped shut, and her body was wrapped in a sheet. This is assumed to have been done by her two uncles and a member of the Saudi Embassy. "They weren't Filipino. They looked Arab," Another woman, who declined to give her name told The Australian. A third witness claimed to have seen "A security officer and three middle eastern men doing this". She was later forced on a Saudi Arabian Airlines flight, the pilots and crew of which were reportedly aware and supportive of Dina being returned to Riyadh against her will, siding heavily with her uncles.^[46][47][48]

Despite conflicting reports at the time about whether or not Dina was in fact on the flight, while en route to Riyadh social media users began reporting a hostage aboard, prompting the governments of Oman and Qatar to refuse the aircraft passage through their airspace. While only confirmed to confidential sources and not officially verified, it is supported by flight path records, which show an abrupt change in direction and trajectory, seeing the plane make almost a full turn.^[49][50][51]

Arrival at Riyadh

Police presence was heavy outside King Abdulaziz International Airport the night Dina arrived, Saudi campaigners reported Dina was seen arriving in the country in a wheelchair, while multiple passengers told Reuters they had seen a woman being carried onto the plane screaming.^[52][53]

A rare gathering of about 10 Saudi activists appeared in the arrivals area of the Riyadh airport around midnight on April 12, 2017, after a hashtag began circulating on social media urging people to "receive Dina at the airport." Two of them, Alaa Anazi a 23-year-old medical student, and a 27-year-old male, were detained after approaching airport security about the case.^[54][55] Alaa's sister confirmed airport officials told her Alaa had been sent to a police station in central Riyadh, but said she was unable to confirm her sister’s whereabouts.^[56]

Saudi-based journalist Vivien Nereim,^[57] who was at the airport, said there were no signs of the young girl, but confirmed the Saudi Human Rights Commission was following the case. She did however, collect testimonies from witnesses on the plane who described "a woman being carried on the flight screaming", suggesting that she was brought onto the plane against her will, which is illegal in the Philippines according to the Republic Act 9208,^[58] as this happened in the International zone, where Philippine law applies. Two other witnesses stated they heard her cry for help, but it was impossible to determine her condition because she was covered.^[59][60][61]

The Saudi embassy in the Philippines confirmed that the citizen had returned to Saudi Arabia, adding that what happened was a "family affair":^[62]

The Embassy of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques in the Republic of the Philippines confirms the incorrectness of what has been circulated on some social media platforms... what happened was a family matter and the citizen returned home with the family.^[63]

The event has brought to the forefront women's rights in Saudi Arabia and male guardianship laws.^[64][65][66] While some social media users rushed to Dina's aid,^[67] others called for Dina to be killed for stepping out of line with Saudi patriarchal society.^{[68][69][70][71]}

Current whereabouts

Amid ongoing public outcry Dina's current whereabouts remain unknown. Sources stated that she is held at the Correctional Facility for Women in Riyadh while further procedures are being taken by the authorities in her case. On April 19, 2017, a Saudi government official with knowledge of the case, who spoke on condition of anonymity, told Bloomberg that Dina Ali was being held in a detention facility for women aged under 30 as a precaution and does not face any charges, and authorities are trying to find "appropriate solutions" to allow her to live a normal life.^[72]

Moudhi Aljohani said Dina's uncles hit her and told her they would kill her when they landed in Saudi Arabia. "It is most likely that she is not alive," Aljohani said in her emotional video. She criticized rights organizations for doing little to aid in the situation and then called on people not to be silent. Mohamed al-Maady from the government-led Human Rights Commission in Saudi Arabia said the organisation would be coordinating with the Saudi ministry of social development to gather information on the case.^[73] No information was available in relation to her physical or mental wellbeing. She is at risk of legal sanctions under the charge of “disobedience” because of her attempt to escape from her guardian.^[74]

Human Rights Watch called on Saudi Arabia to reveal whether Lasloom is with her family or is being held by the state at a shelter. "If held by the state, the authorities should disclose under what conditions she is being held, including whether she is at a shelter at her request and whether she has freedom of movement and ability to contact the outside world."^[75][76][77]

Aftermath

Dina's story triggered protest outside Saudi embassies in several countries around the world, most notably by the Labour Party in Ireland.^[78] The Labour Party also demanded to know if Ireland was among European UN members who voted Saudi Arabia onto the UN Commission on the Status of Women,^[79] the Irish government responded by refusing to disclose how they voted.^[80]

A campaign was also started by Human Rights Watch,^[81] instructing social media users to tweet to Saudi King Salman using the hashtag #SaveDinaAli, urging a Royal Pardon.

The case continues to receive widespread media coverage due to the extreme and legally questionable nature of Dina's extradition.

On May 7, 2017, Russia Today published an entire segment on the event.^[82] The report came a day after United States President Donald Trump announced a foreign trip to Saudi Arabia,^[83] highlighting increased economic and political ties with the kingdom, while a deep cultural divide remains.^[84] A day earlier, a Saudi royal decree allowing women greater access to government services was passed.^[85]

On May 28, 2017 BBC World Service aired a segment chronicling Dina's attempted escape.^[86][87]

On 8 June 2017, Americans for Democracy & Human Rights in Bahrain (ADHRB) organized a side event during the UN Human Rights Council’s 35th session, where Dina's case was a topic of the discussion.^[88]

After Norwegian Public Broadcaster NRK referred Dina's story several parliamentarians, including Socialist Left Party Leader Audun Lysbakken and Abdi Raja, requested foreign minister Ine Marie Eriksen Søreide take up the women's rights situation with Saudi Arabia. "This is an extreme form of gender apartheid. I would like to ask, if the Foreign Minister agrees, that Norway raise the matter with Saudi Arabia." said parliamentary representative Jan Bøhler. A meeting has been set for spring 2018. ^[89]

See also

• Islamic Feminism
• Sara bint Talal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
• Samar Badawi
• Hamza Kashgari
• Mishaal bint Fahd bin Mohammed Al Saud
• Manal al-Sharif

References