Diminazene

Diminazene
Clinical data
Trade names	Azidin, Berenil, Ganasag, Pirocide
Synonyms	4,4'-(1-Triazene-1,3-diyl)bis(benzenecarboximidamide)
Routes of; administration	IM, SC
ATCvet code	QP51AF01 (WHO) QP51AX07 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	Veterinary use only;
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 4-[2-(4-Carbamimidoylphenyl)iminohydrazinyl]benzenecarboximidamide;
CAS Number	536-71-0; aceturate: 908-54-3;
PubChem CID	2354;
ChemSpider	2264;
UNII	Y5G36EEA5Z; aceturate: JI8SAD85NO;
ChEBI	CHEBI:81724 ;
ChEMBL	CHEMBL124025 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.007.860
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C14H15N7
Molar mass	281.316 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=N)N)N/N=N/C2=CC=C(C=C2)C(=N)N;
	InChI InChI=1S/C14H15N7/c15-13(16)9-1-5-11(6-2-9)19-21-20-12-7-3-10(4-8-12)14(17)18/h1-8H,(H3,15,16)(H3,17,18)(H,19,20); Key:XNYZHCFCZNMTFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N;

Diminazene (INN; also known as diminazen) is an anti-infective medication for animals that is sold under a variety of brand names. It is effective against certain protozoa such as Babesia, Trypanosoma, and Cytauxzoon. The drug may also be effective against certain bacteria including Brucella and Streptococcus.^[1]^[2]

Chemically it is a di-amidine and it is formulated as its aceturate salt, diminazene aceturate.

The mechanism is not well understood; it probably inhibits DNA replication,^[1] but also has affinity to RNA.

Side effects

Acute side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, and hypotension (low blood pressure). Diminazen can harm the liver, kidneys and brain, which is potentially life-threatening; especially camels are susceptible to these effects.^[1]

References

1 2 3 Peregrine, A. S.; Mamman, M. (1993). "Pharmacology of diminazene: A review". Acta tropica. 54 (3–4): 185–203. doi:10.1016/0001-706X(93)90092-P. PMID 7902657.
↑ Mungube, E. O.; Vitouley, H. S.; Allegye-Cudjoe, E.; Diall, O.; Boucoum, Z.; Diarra, B.; Sanogo, Y.; Randolph, T.; Bauer, B.; Zessin, K. H.; Clausen, P. H. (2012). "Detection of multiple drug-resistant Trypanosoma congolense populations in village cattle of south-east Mali". Parasites & Vectors. 5: 155. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-155. PMC 3432589. PMID 22852796.

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[Peregrine-1] 1 2 3 Peregrine, A. S.; Mamman, M. (1993). "Pharmacology of diminazene: A review". Acta tropica. 54 (3–4): 185–203. doi:10.1016/0001-706X(93)90092-P. PMID 7902657.

[2] Mungube, E. O.; Vitouley, H. S.; Allegye-Cudjoe, E.; Diall, O.; Boucoum, Z.; Diarra, B.; Sanogo, Y.; Randolph, T.; Bauer, B.; Zessin, K. H.; Clausen, P. H. (2012). "Detection of multiple drug-resistant Trypanosoma congolense populations in village cattle of south-east Mali". Parasites & Vectors. 5: 155. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-155. PMC 3432589. PMID 22852796.