Dhammiya

The Dhammiyya Shia was a Ghulat sect of Islam. The name “Dhammiyya” was derived from the Arabic word “dhamm” (i.e. “blame”). Therefore, the Arabic name “Dhammiyya” is translated as “blamers.” The name “blamers” was used for the Dhammiyya Shia because they believed that Ali was God and Muhammad was his prophet and messinger and that Muhammad was to be blamed because he was sent by Ali to call the people to Ali, but called them to himself instead.

History

The Dhammiyya Shia was one of the sects believed to have been derived from the Saba'iyya (followers of Abdullah Ibn Saba). The sect was also known as the 'Ulyaniyya or 'Alya'iyya, named after ‘Ulyan (or 'Alya) ibn Dhira' as-Sadusi (or ad-Dawsi, or al-Asdi), and appear to have been active around 800 CE.[1][2]

Beliefs

The Dhammiyya Shia had the following beliefs:

  • They believed that Ali was God.[3][4]
  • They believed that Muhammad was the Messenger and Prophet of Ali, appointed by Ali himself.[5][6]
  • They believed that Muhammad was sent by Ali to call people to Ali, but instead called them to himself and attached people to himself instead of to Ali. Because of this action of Muhammad, the Dhammiyya blamed Muhammad and vilified and harshly and abusively criticized him.[7][8]
  • A group of the Dhammiyya believed that Muhammad is God, rather than Ali. Therefore, some of them held Muhammad higher, whereas others held Ali higher.[9]
  • A group of the Dhammiyya believed that both Muhammad and Ali were divine. Therefore, some of them held Muhammad and Ali as equals.[10]
  • A group of the Dhammiyya believed that Muhammad, Ali, Fatimah, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali, who are in one Al-i Aba (overcoat), make up one unity.
    • T he same one spirit entered all 5 of them at the same time.
    • All 5 of them have no superiority over one another.
    • Fatima, along with the other 4, is also a male and not a female.[11]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Suffering in the Mu'tazilite theology: ‘Abd al-J̆abbār's teaching on pain ..., by Margaretha T. Heemskerk, pg.28, and 209
  2. ↑ An Introduction to Shi’i Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shi’ism, by Moojan Momen
  3. ↑ Forthcoming, by Jalal Toufic, pg.3, Footnote 3 Archived August 20, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
  4. ↑ Documents of The Right Word, by Hakikat Kitapevi, pg.66
  5. ↑ Forthcoming, by Jalal Toufic, pg.3, Footnote 3
  6. ↑ Documents of The Right Word, by Hakikat Kitapevi, pg.66
  7. ↑ Forthcoming, by Jalal Toufic, pg.3, Footnote 3
  8. ↑ Documents of The Right Word, by Hakikat Kitapevi, pg.66
  9. ↑ Documents of The Right Word, by Hakikat Kitapevi, pg.66
  10. ↑ The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shi’ism, by Moojan Momen
  11. ↑ Documents of The Right Word, by Hakikat Kitapevi, pg.66
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