Commander-in-Chief of the Iranian Armed Forces

Commander-in-Chief of Iranian Armed Forces
Incumbent
Ali Khamenei
since 4 June 1989
Style Supreme Commander[1]
Status Ultimate authority of the military
Residence House of Leadership
Seat Tehran
Term length No fixed term
Constituting instrument Iranian Constitution
Deputy Minister of Interior (Police)[2]

Farmandeye Koll-e Qova (Persian: فرمانده کل قوا‎), formerly known as Bozorg Arteshtaran (Persian: بزرگ‌ارتشتاران‎), is the supreme commanding authority of all the Armed Forces of Iran and the highest possible military position within the Islamic Republic of Iran. According to the Constitution of Iran, the position is vested in the Supreme Leader of Iran and is held since 1981.

List of Commanders-in-Chief

After the Persian Constitutional Revolution

No. Portrait Name Term of office Length of term Military rank Service Branch
• Sublime State of Persia (1906–1925) •
1 Shah
Mozaffar ad-Din Shah		 6 August 1906 3 January 1907 150 days N/A N/A
2 Shah
Mohammad Ali Shah		 3 January 1907 16 July 1909 2 years, 194 days N/A N/A
– Regent
Alireza Khan		 16 July 1909[3] 22 September 1910 1 year, 56 days N/A N/A
– Regent
Abolqasem Khan		 22 September 1910[3] 21 July 1914 3 years, 314 days N/A N/A
3 Shah
Ahmad Shah		 21 July 1914[3] 14 February 1925 11 years, 147 days N/A N/A
4 Prime Minister
Reza Khan[lower-alpha 1]		 14 February 1925[4] 15 December 1925 304 days Brigadier general Persian Cossack Brigade
(1894–1921)
Pahlavi dynasty • Imperial State of Iran (1925–1979) •
1 Shah
Reza Shah		 15 December 1925 16 September 1941 15 years, 275 days Brigadier general Persian Cossack Brigade
(1894–1921)
2 Shah
Mohammad Reza Shah		 16 September 1941 21 July 1952 10 years, 309 days Captain[5] Imperial Iranian Army
(1936–1941)[5]
3 Prime Minister
Mohammad Mossadegh[lower-alpha 2]		 21 July 1952 19 August 1953 1 year, 29 days N/A N/A
(2) Shah
Mohammad Reza Shah		 19 August 1953 11 February 1979 25 years, 176 days Captain Imperial Iranian Army
(1936–1941)
Iran • Islamic Republic of Iran (1980–present) •
1 President
Abolhassan Banisadr[lower-alpha 3]		 19 February 1980[8] 10 June 1981[9] 1 year, 111 days N/A N/A
2 Supreme Leader
Ruhollah Khomeini		 10 June 1981 3 June 1989 7 years, 358 days N/A N/A
3 Supreme Leader
Ali Khamenei		 4 June 1989 present 29 years, 131 days N/A[lower-alpha 4] Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
(24 November 1979–24 February 1980)[10]

Timeline

Ali KhameneiRuhollah KhomeiniAbolhassan BanisadrRuhollah KhomeiniMohammad Reza PahlaviMohammad MossadeghMohammad Reza PahlaviReza ShahReza ShahAhmad Shah QajarAbolqasem Naser al MolkAli Reza Khan Azod al-MolkMohammad Ali Shah QajarMozaffar ad-Din Shah QajarMirza Ali Asghar Khan Amin al-SoltanNaser al-Din Shah QajarAmir KabirNaser al-Din Shah QajarMohammad Shah QajarFath-Ali Shah Qajar

References

  1. ↑ Appointed by the Parliament of Iran.[4]
  2. ↑ Mossadegh was granted emergency powers by Shah of Iran to rule by decree.[6] While holding office as the Prime Minister and Minister of War (renamed to "Ministry of National Defence") simoltaniously, Mossadegh went over the authority of Shah the Commander-in-Chief vetted in the Persian Constitution of 1906 and appointed commanders in Imperial Iranian Army and Police.[7]
  3. ↑ Delegated by the Supreme Leader of Iran.[8]
  4. ↑ He was caretaker of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, the highest position in the corps.[10] At the time military ranks were not used.
  1. ↑ If the Enemy Attacks, He Will Receive a Severe Blow and Counterattacks: Ayatollah Khamenei, The Office of the Supreme Leader, 28 August 2016, retrieved 20 April 2018, Ayatollah Khamenei, the Supreme Commander of All Armed Forces, met Sunday afternoon with the commanders and officials...
  2. ↑ Saeid Golkar (5 January 2018), Iran's Coercive Apparatus: Capacity and Desire (Policywatch) (2909), The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, retrieved 20 April 2018, The police are under the control of the Interior Ministry, which the constitution has placed under the president's purview. Yet the head of the NAJA is appointed by the Supreme Leader and serves as commander-in-chief of Iran's armed forces, effectively limiting the interior minister's authority to logistical, equipment, and support issues.
  3. 1 2 3 Sheikh-ol-Islami, M. J. (July 28, 2011) [December 15, 1984]. "AḤMAD SHAH QĀJĀR". In Yarshater, Ehsan. Encyclopædia Iranica. 6. I. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 657–660. Retrieved March 15, 2016.
  4. 1 2 Elton L. Daniel (2012). The History of Iran. ABC-CLIO. p. 136. ISBN 0313375097.
  5. 1 2 Ali Akbar Dareini (1998). The Rise and Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty: Memoirs of Former General Hussein Fardust. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. pp. 15–16. ISBN 8120816420.
  6. ↑ James Buchan (2013). Days of God: The Revolution in Iran and Its Consequences. Simon and Schuster. p. 64. ISBN 1416597778.
  7. ↑ John Prados (2006). Safe for Democracy: The Secret Wars of the CIA. Ivan R. Dee. pp. 102–103. ISBN 1615780114.
  8. 1 2 Sinkaya, Bayram (2015), The Revolutionary Guards in Iranian Politics: Elites and Shifting Relations, Iranian Studies, 25, Routledge, p. 96, ISBN 9781317525646
  9. ↑ Sinkaya, Bayram (2015), The Revolutionary Guards in Iranian Politics: Elites and Shifting Relations, Iranian Studies, 25, Routledge, p. 88, ISBN 9781317525646
  10. 1 2 Detailed biography of Ayatollah Khamenei, Leader of Islamic Revolution, Khamenei.ir, retrieved 17 March 2016
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