Ceratobatrachidae

Ceratobatrachidae
Ceratobatrachus guentheri
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Amphibia
Order:Anura
Superfamily:Ranoidea
Family:Ceratobatrachidae
Boulenger, 1884
Type genus
Ceratobatrachus
Boulenger, 1884
Genera

5, see text.

Synonyms

Ceratobatrachinae

The Ceratobatrachidae are a family of frogs[1][2] found in the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, the Philippines, Palau, Fiji, New Guinea, and the Admiralty, Bismarck, and Solomon Islands.[1]

Taxonomy

The Ceratobatrachidae have formerly been treated as a subfamily (i.e., Ceratobatrachinae) in the family Ranidae (true frogs), but they do not seem to be particularly closely related to other former ranids. The four genera are:[1]

The following genera were formerly recognized, and have now been merged into the genera above.

The largest genus, Platymantis, is known to be paraphyletic. Solving this problem will likely lead to a more narrowly defined Platymantis, possibly by transferring some species (together with Batrachylodes) to a larger Ceratobatrachus.[3]

In addition, "Ingerana" baluensis (Boulenger, 1896) is placed incertae sedis in this family, as opposed to Dicroglossidae where the rest of Ingerana are.[1]

Revised taxonomy

Brown, et al. (2015)[4] proposes the following new taxonomy for Ceratobatrachidae based on molecular phylogenetics and data from recently discovered species. Brown's classification reduces the total number of genera down to 3, namely Alcalus, Cornufer, and Platymantis.

Liurana is a recently proposed genus of frogs from the Eastern Himalayan region that belongs to Ceratobatrachidae.[5] Liurana belongs to the subfamily Liuraninae.

Ceratobatrachidae is most closely related to Dicroglossidae.[5]

Family Ceratobatrachidae

Below is the fully expanded tree, with the new species names listed for each subgenus.

Family Ceratobatrachidae

Distribution

Ceratobatrachidae is distributed across Island Southeast Asia,[4] as well as in the Eastern Himalayas.

Genus Liurana
Genus Alcalus
Genus Platymantis
Genus Cornufer

Life history

All Ceratobatrachidae lay eggs outside of water and undergo direct development where eggs hatch directly into froglets, without free-living tadpole stages.[6]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Ceratobatrachidae Boulenger, 1884". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  2. ↑ "Ceratobatrachidae Boulenger, 1884". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  3. ↑ Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Platymantis Günther, 1858". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  4. 1 2 Brown, Rafe M.; Siler, Cameron D.; Richards, Stephen J.; Diesmos, Arvin C.; Cannatella, David C. (2015). "Multilocus phylogeny and a new classification for Southeast Asian and Melanesian forest frogs (family Ceratobatrachidae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 174 (1): 130–168. doi:10.1111/zoj.12232.
  5. 1 2 Yan, F., Jiang, K., Jin, J.-q., Suwannapoom, C., Li, C., Vindum, J.V., Brown, R. M. & Che, J. 2016. The Australasian frog family Ceratobatrachidae in China, Myanmar and Thailand: discovery of a new Himalayan forest frog clade. Zoological research Kunming 37: 7–14. [comb. nov. p. 11–12]
  6. ↑ Fuiten, Allison Marie (2012). Skeletal Variation in Melanesian Forest Frogs (Anura: Ceratobatrachidae). M.A. thesis , University of Kansas. p. 69. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
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