Centre points of Australia

Centre of gravity method

• 23 degrees 7 minutes south latitude, 132 degrees 8 minutes east longitude (23°07′S 132°08′E / 23.117°S 132.133°E / -23.117; 132.133); position on SF53-13 Hermannsburg 1:250 000 and 5351 Glen Helen 1:100 000 scale maps.^[5]

Furthest point from the coastline

• 23 degrees 2 minutes south latitude, 132 degrees 10 minutes east longitude (23°02′S 132°10′E / 23.033°S 132.167°E / -23.033; 132.167); position on SF53-13 Hermannsburg 1:250 000 and 5351 Glen Helen 1:100 000 scale maps.^[6]

Median point

The median point was calculated as the midpoint between the extremes of latitude and longitude of the continent.

• 24 degrees 15 minutes south latitude, 133 degrees 25 minutes east longitude (24°15′S 133°25′E / 24.250°S 133.417°E / -24.250; 133.417); position on SG53-01 Henbury 1:250 000 and 5549 James 1:100 000 scale maps.

Lambert Gravitational Centre

Plaque at the Lambert Centre

In 1988 the Royal Geographical Society of Australasia determined the geographical centre of Australia as a Bicentennial project. A monument was erected to mark the location and named in honour of Dr. Bruce Philip Lambert, a former Director of the Division of National Mapping, for his achievements in the national survey, levelling and mapping of the continent.^[7] Similar to the centre of gravity method, the location was calculated from 24,500 points at the high-water mark of Australia's coastline.^[8][9] The computed result of the 1988 project was:

• 25 degrees 36 minutes 36.4 seconds south latitude, 134 degrees 21 minutes 17.3 seconds east longitude (25°36′36.4″S 134°21′17.3″E / 25.610111°S 134.354806°E / -25.610111; 134.354806); position on SG53-06 Finke 1:250 000 and 5746 Beddome 1:100 000 scale maps.^[10][11]
• Dr. Cecil Madigan studied Central Australian geology in the 1930s. He calculated the centre of gravity by using a metal cut-out of Australia with a plumb bob and string, and selected a point less than 11 kilometres due west of this present position.^[12][13]

Johnston Geodetic Station

This trigonometric survey cairn, situated about one kilometre north of Mt Cavenagh Homestead, was built by officers of the Division of National Mapping in 1965, and was once the central reference point for all Australian surveys. It was named after Fredrick Marshall Johnston, former Commonwealth Surveyor General and the first Director of National Mapping. Today, surveys are based on the Geocentric Datum of Australia (GDA), a new and more accurate Australian coordinate system which has replaced the Australian Geodetic Datum (AGD) of which the Johnston station is a major part. Further information on datum types and their applications is available from the geodesy pages, or from the Inter-governmental Committee on Surveying & Mapping (ICSM).

• 25° 56' 49.3" South, 133° 12' 34.7" East; position on SG53-05 Kulgera 1:250 000 and 5546 Kulgera 1:100 000 scale maps.