Carinacea

Carinacea Temporal range: Late Triassic – Recent PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Paracentrotus lividus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Echinodermata
Class:	Echinoidea
Subclass:	Euechinoidea
Infraclass:	Carinacea Kroh & Smith, 2010
Superorders
Calycina Echinacea

The infraclassis Carinacea includes most living species of regular sea urchin, and fossil forms going back as far as the Triassic.

Taxonomy

List of orders according to World Register of Marine Species :

• Super-order Calycina
  • Order Phymosomatoida†
  • Order Salenioida
• Super-order Echinacea
  • Order Arbacioida (Gregory, 1900)
  • Order Camarodonta (Jackson, 1912)
  • Order Stomopneustoida (Kroh & Smith, 2010)
  • Familia Glyphopneustidae Smith & Wright, 1993†
• Familia Hemicidaridae Wright, 1857†
• Familia Orthopsidae Duncan, 1889†
• Familia Pseudodiadematidae Pomel, 1883†

• 
  Phymosoma granulosum (Phymosomatoida)
• 
  Salenocidaris hastigera (Salenioida)
• 
  Arbacia lixula (Arbacioida)
• 
  Paracentrotus lividus (Camarodonta)
• 
  Stomopneustes variolaris (Stomopneustoida)
• 
  Hemicidaris intermedia (Hemicidaridae)
• 
  Acrocidaris nobilis (Pseudodiadematidae)

Bibliography

• Andreas Kroh et Andrew B. Smith, « The phylogeny and classification of post-Palaeozoic echinoids », Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, vol. 8, no 2, 2010, p. 147-212