Canon de 155 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond

Canon de 155 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond
Canon de 155 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond
	A 155 L mle 1916 at the Italian War Museum in Rovereto.
Type	Heavy artillery; Coastal Artillery
Place of origin	France
Service history
In service	1916-1945
Used by	France; Kingdom of Italy; Nazi Germany
Wars	World War I; World War II
Production history
Designer	St Chamond
Designed	1916
Manufacturer	St Chamond
Produced	1916
No. built	152?
Variants	Canon de 145 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond
Specifications
Weight	Travel: 14,000 kg (31,000 lb); Action: 13,150 kg (28,990 lb)
Barrel length	7.3 m (23 ft 11 in) 47.5 caliber[1]
Shell	Separate loading charge and projectile
Shell weight	43 kg (95 lb)
Caliber	155 mm (6.1 in)
Breech	Interrupted screw
Recoil	Hydro spring
Carriage	Box trail
Elevation	0° to +38°
Traverse	6°[1]
Rate of fire	3 shots every two minutes
Muzzle velocity	790 m/s (2,600 ft/s)
Maximum firing range	21.3 km (13.2 mi)[1]

Canon de 155 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond was a French heavy artillery piece designed and produced during the First World War. A number were still on hand during the Second World War in French, Italian and German service.

History

A 155 L mle 1916 at the Italian War Museum in Rovereto.

As the First World War settled into Trench Warfare on the Western Front the light field guns that the combatants went to war with were beginning to show their limitations when facing an enemy who was now dug into prepared positions. Indirect fire, interdiction and counter-battery fire emphasized the importance of long range heavy artillery.

In order to address the French Army's lack of long range heavy artillery a number of surplus Canon de 138 mm Modèle 1893 and Canon de 138 mm Modèle 1910^[2] Naval Guns were converted to land use by the French company St Chamond. This was accomplished by boring the barrels out to 145 mm (5.7 in) and placing them on simple single-axle box trail carriages. The result of this conversion was known as the Canon de 145 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond or L 16 St Ch for short.^[1]

As barrels became worn they were sent back to the manufacturer to be re-bored to use standard 155 mm (6.1 in) ammunition and re-designated as the Canon de 155 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond. These new guns continued to use the same carriages as the 145 mm guns and had similar performance with a heavier 43 kg (95 lb) projectile. After the First World War an unknown quantity were sold to Italy where they were known as the Cannone da 155/45 PB. The 152 guns remaining in french service were placed in static positions in the coastal artillery role. The Germans gave French guns the designation 15.5 cm K 420(f), while Italian guns were given the designation 15.5 cm Kanone 420(i).^[1]

References

1 2 3 4 5 Chamberlain, Peter (1975). Heavy artillery. Gander, Terry,. New York: Arco. p. 13. ISBN 0668038985. OCLC 2143869.
↑ "Canon de 145/155 Saint Chamond modèle 1916 | clausuchronia". clausuchronia.wordpress.com (in French). Retrieved 2017-10-17.

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[:5-1] 1 2 3 4 5 Chamberlain, Peter (1975). Heavy artillery. Gander, Terry,. New York: Arco. p. 13. ISBN 0668038985. OCLC 2143869.

[2] "Canon de 145/155 Saint Chamond modèle 1916 | clausuchronia". clausuchronia.wordpress.com (in French). Retrieved 2017-10-17.

French artillery of World War I
Anti-aircraft guns	Canon de 75 antiaérien mle 1913-1917
Coastal artillery	Canon de 100 mm Modèle 1891 Canon de 145 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond Canon de 155 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond Canon de 19 C modèle 1870/93 Canon de 19 C modèle 1875 Canon de 24 C modèle 1876 Canon de 240 L Mle 1884 Mortier de 270 mm modèle 1889
Field artillery	Canon de 75 modèle 1897 Canon de 75 modèle 1912 Schneider Canon de 75 modèle 1914 Schneider De Bange 90 mm cannon Obusier de 120 mm C modèle 1890 Obusier de 120 mm mle 15TR
Infantry guns	Canon d'Infanterie de 37 modèle 1916 TRP
Medium and heavy artillery	Canon de 105 mle 1913 Schneider Canon de 155 court modèle 1904 Rimailho Canon de 120 mm modèle 1878 Obusier de 155 mm C modèle 1881 Obusier de 155 mm C modèle 1890 Canon de 155 C modèle 1917 Schneider Canon de 155 C modèle 1915 St. Chamond Canon de 155 L modèle 1877/14 Schneider Canon de 155 L modèle 1918 Schneider Canon de 155mm GPF De Bange 155 mm cannon Canon de 220 L mle 1917 Mortier de 220 modèle 1915/1916 Schneider
Mortars	Mortier de 58 mm type 2 Mortier de 150 mm T Mle 1917 Fabry Mortier de 240 mm Mortier de 270 mm modèle 1885 Mortier de 270 mm modèle 1889
Mountain artillery	Canon de 65 M modele 1906 Canon de 76 M modele 1909 Schneider Canon Court de 105 M modele 1909 Schneider
Railroad artillery	Canon de 140 sur affut-truc mle 1884 Canon de 164 modèle 1893/96 TAZ Canon de 19 modèle 1870/93 TAZ 24 cm Canon G modèle 1916 Canon de 240 L Mle 1884 Canon de 240 modèle 93/96 TAZ Canon de 274 modèle 93/96 Berceau Canon de 274 modèle 87/93 Glissement Canon de 305 modèle 93/96 TAZ Canon de 32 modèle 1870/93 Obusier de 370 modèle 1915 Canon de 370 modèle 75/79 Glissement Obusier de 400 Modèle 1915/1916 Obusier de 520 modèle 1916
Siege artillery	Obusier de 120 mm C modèle 1890 Canon de 120 mm modèle 1878 Obusier de 155 mm C modèle 1881 Obusier de 155 mm C modèle 1890 Mortier de 220 mm modèle 1880 Canon de 240 L Mle 1884 Mortier de 270 mm modèle 1885 Mortier de 270 mm modèle 1889 Mortier de 280 modèle 1914 Schneider
Self propelled artillery	Canon de 194 mle GPF Canon de 220mm L Mle1917 Schneider (FAHM) Mortier 280 mm TR de Schneider sur affût-chenilles St Chamond
Tank guns	Puteaux 37 mm SA 18 Canon de 75 modèle 1897

French artillery of World War II
Anti-aircraft guns	Mitrailleuse de 25 mm CA mle 39 Canon de 75 antiaérien mle 1913-1917 Canon de 75 CA modèle 1940 Schneider
Anti-tank guns	25 mm Hotchkiss anti-tank gun AC 37 anti-tank gun AC 47 anti-tank gun 47 mm APX anti-tank gun
Coastal artillery	Canon de 100 mm Modèle 1891 Canon de 145 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond Canon de 155 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond Canon de 19 C modèle 1870/93 Canon de 240 L Mle 1884 Mortier de 270 mm modèle 1889
Field artillery	Canon de 75 modèle 1897
Infantry guns	Canon d'Infanterie de 37 modèle 1916 TRP
Medium and Heavy artillery	Canon de 105 court mle 1934 Schneider Canon de 105 court mle 1935 B Canon de 105 L mle 1936 Schneider Canon de 105 mle 1913 Schneider Canon de 155 C modèle 1917 Schneider Canon de 155 C modèle 1915 St. Chamond Canon de 155mm GPF Canon de 194 mle GPF Canon de 220 L mle 1917 Mortier de 220 modèle 1915/1916 Schneider
Mortars	Mortier de 150 mm T Mle 1917 Fabry
Mountain artillery	Canon de 65 M modele 1906 Canon de 75 M modele 1919 Schneider Canon de 75 M modele 1928 Canon Court de 105 M modele 1909 Schneider Canon Court de 105 M modèle 1919 Schneider
Railroad artillery	Canon de 164 modèle 1893/96 TAZ Canon de 19 modèle 1870/93 TAZ Canon de 240 modèle 93/96 TAZ Canon de 32 modèle 1870/93 Obusier de 370 modèle 1915 Canon de 370 modèle 75/79 Glissement Obusier de 400 Modèle 1915/1916 Obusier de 520 modèle 1916
Siege artillery	Canon de 240 L Mle 1884 Mortier de 280 modèle 1914 Schneider
Tank guns	Puteaux 37 mm SA 18 47mm SA mle 1935 Canon de 75 modèle 1897

Canon de 155 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond
A 155 L mle 1916 at the Italian War Museum in Rovereto.
Type	Heavy artillery Coastal Artillery
Place of origin	France
Service history
In service	1916-1945
Used by	France Kingdom of Italy Nazi Germany
Wars	World War I World War II
Production history
Designer	St Chamond
Designed	1916
Manufacturer	St Chamond
Produced	1916
No. built	152?
Variants	Canon de 145 L modele 1916 Saint-Chamond
Specifications
Weight	Travel: 14,000 kg (31,000 lb) Action: 13,150 kg (28,990 lb)
Barrel length	7.3 m (23 ft 11 in) 47.5 caliber^[1]

Shell	Separate loading charge and projectile
Shell weight	43 kg (95 lb)
Caliber	155 mm (6.1 in)
Breech	Interrupted screw
Recoil	Hydro spring
Carriage	Box trail
Elevation	0° to +38°
Traverse	6°^[1]
Rate of fire	3 shots every two minutes
Muzzle velocity	790 m/s (2,600 ft/s)
Maximum firing range	21.3 km (13.2 mi)^[1]