Citybus Route 1

1
Overview
Operator Citybus
Garage Chai Wan (E)
Tuen Mun (N)
Vehicle Alexander Dennis Enviro500 MMC 12m and 12.8m
Route
Start Happy Valley (Upper)
Via Wan Chai Road
Admiralty
Central District
Sheung Wan
Des Voeux Road West
Kennedy Town
End Felix Villas
Length 10.1km
Service
Level Daily
Frequency 12–15 minutes
Journey time 53 minutes
Operates 06:00 until 23:15
A Volvo Olympian 12m serving on route 1, spotted at Des Voeux Road West.
A Leyland Olympian (351) running on route 1, seen at Sing Woo Road, Happy Valley.

Citybus Route 1 is a bus route operated by Citybus (CTB) on Hong Kong Island, running between Felix Villas and Happy Valley (Upper) via Kennedy Town, Sheung Wan, Central and Wan Chai.

It is one of the oldest existing bus routes in Hong Kong, having been in continuous operation ever since 1928 (except for a short break during the Japanese occupation.

History

The route was started on 5 November 1928 by Hong Kong Tramways, between Sai Wan and Happy Valley.[1] At that time, it had no route number. Just several days after the inauguration of service, the western terminus was changed to Sheung Wan near Wing Lok Pier, in response to requests from the police.

On 11 June 1933 China Motor Bus gained the franchise of Hong Kong Island bus services, and the route was given the number "1".[1] The route was truncated from Sheung Wan to Blake Pier in Central on the same day, before relocating its terminus to the neighbouring Vehicular Ferry Pier in 1934. On 1 April 1935, the service was extended to Sai Ying Pun, and the arrangement of having first and second class ticket prices was added. However, on 1 January 1939 the route was cut back to Vehicular Ferry Pier, the terminal before 1935.

During Japanese occupation, the route was suspended. Within a month after the restoration of British rule, limited service on the route was resumed on 22 September 1945 between Vehicular Ferry Pier and Tai Hang via Happy Valley. In January 1946 the terminus was modified to Central Market. At this time there were five buses servicing the route, when the route was the only one in service by CMB. In February there were only three buses left due to lack of repair, and the route was divided into two separate services, Central Market – Tai Hang and Vehicular Ferry Pier – Happy Valley. In May service was resumed on route 5, so the terminus of route 1 was changed to Central Ferry Piers, with two buses servicing. By next February there were six buses on the route.

The early 1960s saw both of route 1's termini being relocated. On 1 January 1960 the route was extended from the Vehicular Ferry Pier to Cleverly Street in Sheung Wan, while in 1962 the Happy Valley terminus was changed from Blue Pool Road to Broom Road. In 1972 the route was classified into the category of urban slope routes, which had a higher price than normal urban routes and lead to a loss of patronage. In 1980 the western terminus of the route was changed to Central (Macau Ferry), and again in 1987 to Rumsey Street. On 1 September 1993 the route was transferred to CTB, and was designated a full air-conditioned service. On 31 May 1996 the Central terminus was moved to a new bus terminal of the same name, on newly reclaimed land.

Route numbering controversy

After the acquisition of CTB by Chow Tai Fook, NWFB's mother company, the rearrangement of bus services lead to a proposal of merger of the route with 5A, which ran between Happy Valley (Lower) and Felix Villas. Such a amalgamation was mooted as early as 1986 when the routes were still operated by CMB,[2] but had never been approved well until 2004.

Under the original proposals the resultant route would perpetuate the route number "5A", but community leaders had divided opinions regarding whether "5A" or "1" should be retained. The Wan Chai District Council insisted on the former, an opinion that councillors of Central and Western District objected to. Suggestions of naming the route "1/5A" were rejected by Citybus, citing the reason that the slash was unavailable on rollsigns.[3] It was later decided that the merger would take place as scheduled on 31 May 2004, and the merged route plying between Kennedy Town (Belcher Bay) and Happy Valley (Upper) would take on both the numbers of "1" and "5A" for the time being. This unique arrangement meant that buses displaying the two numbers would depart alternately from the same termini.[1] On 28 June 2004 the terminus in Kennedy Town was switched to Sai Ning Street bus terminus.

The use of two numbers for the same route led to confusion among the public. In view of this the two aforementioned district councils reached the consensus that only one number should be adopted for the merged route, and the decision should be made through a public opinion survey. Among the 1,056 passengers of 1/5A passengers surveyed, 38% believed that the route should be named "1", while 25% called for the retention of "5A".[3] Consequently, route 5A was put out of service.

Recent developments

As a result of the MTR West Island Line Extension, Citybus Route 5 was cancelled whilst the route was extended to Felix Villas effective 10 May 2015. As of 2015, route 1 held the record of being the bus service in Hong Kong with the highest number of terminus modifications (15 times), with 4 pre-war and 11 post-war. [4][5]

Route

[6] [7]

Accidents

In the morning of 28 January 1984 a deadly accident involving a Guy Arab V on route 1 occurred at Wong Nai Chung Road in Happy Valley. The bus crashed into pedestrians, who were mostly parents and grandparents queuing up on the pavement to obtain admission forms from St. Paul's Primary Catholic School, after the driver lost control of it. A total of 6 deaths and 8 injuries were recorded[8] and the government conducted an independent inquiry to delve into the causes.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "1號5號A今合併乘客或混淆 城巴一條路線兩號碼" [Two numbers for the same Citybus route: Passengers left in confusion as Bus 1 and 5A are merged today]. Apple Daily. 2004-05-31.
  2. ↑ "港島東區南區未來兩年 屋邨相繼落成人口銳增 調整公共交通配合實際需求" [Population of Hong Kong Island East and South to rise sharply with the intake of new housing estates; public transport to be reorganized to meet actual demand]. Wah Kiu Yat Po. 1986-09-01.
  3. 1 2 "一線兩號易混淆 兩區議會不相讓 乘客決定巴士線編號" [Two numbers for the same routes leads to confusion, but district councils had different views; bus route number to be decided by passengers]. The Sun. 2004-11-03.
  4. ↑ Stanley Yung (December 2004). The Development of Hong Kong Island Bus Routes in 20th century. Ming Hing. ISBN 962-8414-66-6.
  5. ↑ Eric Lo. "CTB Route 1". 681 Bus Terminal (in Chinese). Retrieved 2 July 2017.
  6. ↑ Citybus. "Route 1". Retrieved 13 February 2008.
  7. ↑ 2007 Hong Kong Map. Easy Finder.
  8. ↑ "跑馬地黃泥涌道慘劇 警方專案小組查巴士大車禍" [Tragedy at Wong Nai Chung Road, Happy Valley: Police task force to investigate]. Wah Kiu Yat Po. 1984-01-29.
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