Bullion coin

A bullion coin is a coin struck from precious metal and kept as a store of value or an investment, rather than used in day-to-day commerce.[1] A bullion coin is distinguished by an explicit statement of weight (or mass) and fineness on the coin; this is because the weight and composition of coins intended for legal tender is specified in the coinage laws of the issuing nation, and therefore there is no need for an explicit statement on the coins themselves. The United Kingdom defines investment coins more specifically as coins that have been minted after 1800, have a purity of not less than 900 thousandths and are, or have been, legal tender in their country of origin.[2] Under United States law, "coins" that fail the last of these requirements are not coins at all,[3] and must be advertised as "rounds" instead. Bullion coins are usually available in both gold and silver, with the exceptions of the Krugerrand[4] (note in 2017 the first silver Krugerrand was minted[5]) and the Swiss Vreneli which are only available in gold. The American Eagle and Canadian Maple Leaf series are available in gold, silver and platinum, and palladium.[6][7]

Bullion coins are typically available in various weights. These are usually multiples or fractions of 1 troy ounce, but some bullion coins are produced in very limited quantities in kilograms or heavier.[8]

Bullion coins sell for a premium over the market price of the metal on the commodities exchanges.[9] Reasons include their comparative small size and the costs associated with manufacture, storage and distribution. The amount of the premium varies depending on the coin's type and weight and the precious metal. The premium also is affected by prevailing demand.

The ISO currency code for gold bullion is XAU. ISO 4217 includes codes not only for currencies, but also for precious metals (gold, silver, palladium and platinum; by definition expressed per one troy ounce, as compared to "1 USD") and certain other entities used in international finance, e.g. special drawing rights.

Lists of bullion coins

Gold

The European Commission publishes annually a list of gold coins which must be treated as investment gold coins (e.g. by being exempt from VAT) in all EU Member States. The list has legal force and supplements the law. In the United Kingdom, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) have added an additional list of gold coins alongside the European Commission list. These are gold coins that HMRC recognise as falling within the VAT exemption for investment gold coins.[10] The following list presents only the most common coins included in the European Commission list.

List of gold bullion coins
CountryName of bullion coinFinenessDenominations (gold weight)
mainly expressed in troy ounces (ozt)		Years of mintage
AustraliaGold Nugget.99991/20 ozt, 1/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt,
2 ozt, 10 ozt, 1 kg		1986–present
1991–present
AustraliaLunar Series I.99991 ozt1996–2007
AustraliaLunar Series II.99991/20 ozt, 1/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt, 2 ozt, 10 ozt, 1 kg, 10 kg2008–19
AustriaVienna Philharmonic.99991/25 ozt, 1/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt1989–present
CanadaMaple Leaf.9999
(.99999 available)		1/20 ozt, 1/15 ozt, 1/10 ozt, 1/5 ozt, 1/4 ozt,
1/2 ozt, 1 ozt, 100 kg		1979–present
ChinaGold Panda.999(1982-2015) 1/20 ozt, 1/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt
(since 2016) 1g, 3g, 5g, 8g, 15g, 30g, 50g, 100g, 150g		1982–present
France20 Francs Napoleon.9000.1867 ozt1806–1914
IndiaIndian Gold Coin.9995 g, 10 g, 20 g2015-present
IsraelJerusalem of Gold Series.99991 ozt2010–present
KazakhstanGolden Irbis.99991/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt2009–present
MalaysiaKijang Emas.99991/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt2001–present
MexicoLibertad.9991/20 ozt, 1/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt1991–present
MexicoLibertad.9001/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt1981–90
MexicoCentenario (50 Pesos).9001.20565 ozt1921–31
Periodically 1943–72
New ZealandGold Kiwi.99991/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt?-present?
PolandOrzeł bielik.99991/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt1995–present
But
2001, 2003 and 2005
PolandBene Merentibus.99991/2 ozt, 1 ozt2012
PhilippinesAng Bagong Lipunan series (5000 pesos).9992.21 oz1972
PhilippinesAng Bagong Lipunan series (1000 pesos).9992879 oz1975
PhilippinesVisit of Pope John Paul II (1,500 pesos).9991/2 ozt1980
Philippines6th aniversay of Restoration of Democracy (10,000 pesos).9991/2 ozt1992
RussiaGeorge the Victorious.9990.2537 ozt2006–present
SomaliaElephant.9991/50 ozt, 1/25 ozt, 1 ozt, 5 ozt1999–present
South AfricaKrugerrand.91671/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt
1/50 ozt for 2017 (50th anniversary year)		1967–present
SwitzerlandVreneli.9000.0933 ozt, 0.1866 ozt1897–1936
1947 and 1949
UkraineArchangel Michael.99991/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt1999 - 2016[11]
United KingdomSovereign.91670.2354 ozt1887–1932
1949–52 (dated 1925)
1957–59
1962–68
1974, 1976, 1978–82
2000–present
United KingdomBritannia.91671/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt1987–2012
United KingdomBritannia.99991/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt2013–present
United Kingdom Lunar .9999 1 ozt 2014–present
United Kingdom The Queen's Beasts .9999 1 ozt, 1/4 ozt 2016–present
United StatesGold Eagle.91671/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt1986–present
United StatesAmerican Buffalo.99991 ozt2006–present
United StatesDouble Eagle.9000.9675 ozt1849–1933
USSRChervonets.9000.2489 ozt1975–82

Palladium

List of palladium bullion coins
CountryName of bullion coinFinenessDenominations
(Palladium weight)		Years of mintage
CanadaPalladium Maple Leaf.99951 ozt2005–07, 2009
United States Palladium Eagle .9995 1 ozt 2017–present

Platinum

List of platinum bullion coins
CountryName of bullion coinFinenessDenominations
(Platinum weight)		Years of mintage
AustraliaPlatinum Koala.99951/20 ozt, 1/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt1988–2008
AustraliaPlatinum Platypus.99951 ozt2011–present
Austria Vienna Philharmonic .9995 1/25 ozt, 1 ozt 2016–present
CanadaPlatinum Maple Leaf.99951/20 ozt, 1/15 ozt, 1/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt1988–99, 2002, 2009
Isle of ManNoble.99951/20 ozt, 1/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt1983–89
MexicoLibertad.9991/4 ozt1989
United KingdomBritannia.99951/10 ozt, 1 ozt2018–present
United KingdomThe Queen's Beasts.99951 ozt2017–present
United StatesPlatinum Eagle.99951/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt1997–present
Obverse of a 2004 American Silver Eagle

Rhodium

List of rhodium bullion coins
CountryName of bullion coinFinenessDenominations
(Rhodium weight)		Years of mintage Ref.
Tuvalu South Sea Dragon .999 1 ozt 2018 [12]

Silver

List of silver bullion coins
CountryName of bullion coinFinenessDenominations
(Silver weight)		Years of mintage
ArmeniaNoah's Ark.9991/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt, 5 ozt, 10 ozt, 1 kg, 5 kg2011–present[13]
AustraliaGreat White Shark.9991/2 ozt2014
AustraliaKangaroo.99991 ozt1993–present
AustraliaSilver Koala.9991/2 ozt, 1 ozt, 10 ozt, 1 kg2007–present
AustraliaSilver Kookaburra.9991 ozt, 2 ozt, 10 ozt, 1 kg1990–present
AustraliaLunar.9991 ozt, 2 ozt, 10 ozt, 1 kg1999–present
AustraliaSaltwater Crocodile.9991 ozt2014–present
AustriaVienna Philharmonic.9991 ozt2008–present
BeninElephant.9991 ozt2014–present
CameroonCross-River Gorilla.9991 ozt2011–13
CanadaArctic Fox.99991/4 ozt, 1.5 ozt-
CanadaBirds of Prey.99991 ozt2014–15
CanadaGrey Wolf.99993/4 ozt2015
CanadaMaple Leaf.99991/2 ozt, 1 ozt1988–present
CanadaPolar Bear.99991.5 ozt-
CanadaWildlife Series.99991 ozt2011–13
ChinaLunar.9991 ozt-
ChinaSilver PandaVariesVaries1989–present[14]
(pre-1989 are medallions)
Congo (Republic)African Lion.9995 ozt2013
Congo (Republic)Baby Lions.9991 ozt2012
Congo (Republic)Rhinoceros.9991 ozt2012
Cook IslandsYoung Wildlife Series.9991 ozt2013
FijiEagle.9991 ozt2013
FijiOtter Lutra.9991 ozt-
FranceSilver Coin.9001 ozt-
GabonElephant.9991 ozt2012
GabonLion.9991 ozt2013
KazakhstanSilver Irbis.99991 ozt, 2 ozt, 5 ozt, 10 ozt2009–present
MexicoLibertad.9991/20 ozt, 1/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt, 2 ozt, 5 ozt, 1 kg1982–present
MongoliaArgali.9991 ozt2013
MongoliaLong-eared Hedgehog.9991 ozt2012
MongoliaManul.9991 ozt2014
MongoliaScorpion.9991 ozt2005
MongoliaUral Owl.9991 ozt2011
MongoliaWolverine (Gulo Gulo).9991 ozt2007
New ZealandKiwi.9991 ozt2007–present
NiueSecrets of Lichtenstein.9992 ozt2013
PhilippinesEstablishment of the Commonwealth (50 centavos).9991 ozt1936
PhilippinesPope John Paul II visit to the Philippines (50 pesos).9992 ozt1981
PhilippinesUniversity of the Philippines (100 pesos).9992 ozt1983
PalauRed Squirrel Swarovski.9991 ozt2012
Papua New GuineaSpiny Anteater.9991 ozt2012
RussiaSaint George the Victorious.9991.01 ozt2009–10
RussiaSouthwest Asian Leopard.9991.01 ozt-
SomaliaElephant.9991/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt, 2 ozt, 1 kg1999–present
South AfricaMarine Protected Areas.9251 ozt2013
South AfricaPel's Fishing Owl.9251 ozt2012
South Africa Krugerrand .999 1 ozt 2017-present
SurinameSuriname.9991 ozt-
TogoBison D'Europe.9992 ozt2012
TokelauCrocodile.9991 ozt2013
TurkeyStreet Stray Animals.9251 ozt-
UkraineArchangel Michael.99991 ozt2011–present
United KingdomThe George and the Dragon.99915.71 g2013
United KingdomBritannia.9581/10 ozt, 1/4 ozt, 1/2 ozt, 1 ozt1997–2012
United KingdomBritannia.9991 ozt2013–present
United Kingdom Landmarks of Britain .999 1 ozt 2017
United Kingdom Lunar .9999 1 ozt 2014–present
United Kingdom The Queen's Beasts .9999 2 ozt 2016–present
United StatesAmerica the Beautiful.9995 ozt2010–present
United StatesSilver Eagle.9991 ozt1986–present


See also

References

  1. ↑ "Investing in Bullion and Bullion Coins". Consumer Information - US FTC. U.S. Federal Trade Commission. May 2011. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  2. ↑ "VAT Notice 701/21A: investment gold coins". Gov.UK HMRC pages. HMRC. 1 February 2012. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  3. ↑ Bouvier's Law Dictionary (Revised 6th ed.). 1856. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  4. ↑ "Buy South African Mint Online - Silver | LPM". www.lpm.hk. Retrieved 2017-10-14.
  5. ↑ "Official 2017 Silver Krugerrand - Premium Uncirculated". www.govmint.com. Retrieved 2017-03-31.
  6. ↑ "American Eagle Bullion Coins for Investors". United States Mint. United States Mint. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  7. ↑ "BULLION PRODUCTS". Royal Canadian Mint Website. Royal Canadian Mint. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  8. ↑ "Lucius Precious Metals | Buy Gold, Silver, Bullion & Coins". www.lpm.hk. Retrieved 2017-10-14.
  9. ↑ "Buy Physical Gold Bullion, Gold Coins & Gold Bars | LPM". www.lpm.hk. Retrieved 2017-10-14.
  10. ↑ "Table 2: UK list of additional coins recognised as investment gold coins" (PDF). Gov.UK HMRC pages. HMRC. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  11. ↑ "Ukrainian Gold | LPM". www.lpm.hk. Retrieved 2017-10-14.
  12. ↑ "Tuvalu 1oz Rhodium Coin". Baird Mint. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
  13. ↑ "Investment coins of the Republic of Armenia". Central Bank of Armenia. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
  14. ↑ "Chinese Panda Silver Series". Bullion Data. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
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