Bodo cranium

Bodo
Bodo cranium, Smithsonian Natural History Museum
Common name Bodo
Species Homo heidelbergensis or Homo erectus or Homo rhodesiensis or Archaic homo sapiens (?)
Age 600,000 years
Place discovered Bodo D'ar, Awash River valley of Ethiopia
Date discovered 1976
Discovered by Asfaw

The Bodo cranium[1] is a fossil of an extinct type of hominin species. It was found by members of an expedition led by Jon Kalb in 1976 at Bodo D'ar, Awash River valley of Ethiopia.[2] The initial discovery was by Alemayhew Asfaw and Charles Smart, a lower face. Two weeks later, Paul Whitehead and Craig Wood found the upper portion of the face. The skull is 600,000 years old[3] and is intermediate in shape between Homo erectus and Homo sapiens, though many palaeoanthropologists have classified this as a specimen of Homo heidelbergensis.[4] The cranium has an unusual appearance, which has led to debates over its taxonomy.

Observation

This specimen has an unusually large cranial capacity for its age that is estimated at around 1250 cc (in the range between ∼1,200–1,325 cc) which is very close to the average brain size of modern Homo sapiens (1260 cc). The cranium includes the face, much of the frontal bone, parts of the midvault and the base anterior to the foramen magnum. The cranial length, width and height are 21 cm (8.3 in), 15.87 cm (6.2 in) and 19.05 cm (7.5 in) respectively. Researchers have suggested that Bodo butchered animals because Acheulean hand axes and cleavers, along with animal bones, were found at the site. The cranium has cut marks, which indicates that immediately after the death of this individual stone tools were used to remove the flesh from the bone.[2][5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9659/c62f27fd5ebd22fa1eca6c450955c4219af6.pdf
  2. 1 2 "Bodo Skull and Jaw". Skulls Unlimited. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
  3. ↑ "Bodo". Humanorigins.si.edu. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
  4. ↑ "Bodo fossil". Britannica Encyclopedia. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
  5. ↑ White, Tim, "Cut marks on the Bodo cranium: a case of prehistoric defleshing", American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 69: 503-10
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