Biryulka

Biryulka
Бирюлька (Russian)
-  Rural locality[1]  -
Selo[1]

Location of Irkutsk Oblast in Russia
Biryulka
Location of Biryulka in Irkutsk Oblast
Administrative status (as of 2011)
Country Russia
Federal subject Irkutsk Oblast
Administrative district Kachugsky District[1]
Municipal status (as of December 2004)
Municipal district Kachugsky Municipal District[2]
Rural settlement Biryulskoye Rural Settlement[2]
Administrative center of Biryulskoye Rural Settlement[2]
Statistics
Time zone IRKT (UTC+08:00)[3]
Founded 1668[4]
Postal code(s)[5] 666220
Dialing code(s) +7 39540[6]
Ice bridge in the selo of Biryulka Ледовая переправа через Лену в селе Бирюлька
Coordinates 53°52′11″N 106°19′58″E / 53.8697°N 106.3328°E / 53.8697; 106.3328Coordinates: 53°52′11″N 106°19′58″E / 53.8697°N 106.3328°E / 53.8697; 106.3328
Carries Automotive, foot
Crosses Lena River
Locale Biryulka, Kachugsky District, Irkutsk Oblast, Russia
Characteristics
Design Ice platform[7]
Material Ice[7]
Piers in water 0[7]
Load limit 20 tonnes[7]
Clearance above 0[7]
History
Opened Every winter[7]
Closed Every spring
Lena River from a source to Kachug
 Anonymous lake
Tyrka
Uhta 2nd
Uhta 1st
Pankukcha
Shevukan
Negnedai
Anai River
Anai
Alilei
Chanchur River
Chanchur
Kurungui
Ilikta
Kurungui River
Maliy Tarel
Birulka
Ice bridge
Birulka River
Ushina
Zhuya
Bolshoi Kosogol
Manzurka
Khalsk
R 148
Bolshiye Goly
IsetR 148

Biryulka (Russian: Бирю́лька) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kachugsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Lena River near its headwaters northwest of Lake Baikal.

Etymology

Biryulka is named after the small Bira River, the name of which in turn comes from an Evenk word.

History

In 1688, sixteen peasant families settled here.[4] The founders were Stepan Alexandrovich and Mikhail Kostyakov. The Yakutsk stavlenik Onichkov allocated them an average of 1 arpent (0.34 ha) per family. It seems that seven of these families were exiles and nine were of freed serfs. The population increased quickly through natural increase and immigration. Other villages developed in the area around Biryulka. Biryulskaya Volost, subordinate to Yakutsk, was eventually established.[4] In 1696, the inhabitants of Biryulka staged a revolt led by Pavel Khaletsky.[8]

At the beginning of the 20th century, well-known archeologist Alexey Okladnikov went to school here, but later moved to the selo of Anga where he finished secondary school in 1925.[8][9] One of the streets in Biryulka is named after him.

One of the battles of the Great Siberian Ice March, a retreat of the White Army east across Lake Baikal, took place near Biryulka in 1920.[10]

A number of inhabitants were arrested during the Great Purge.[11]

Politics

Municipally, Biryulka is the administrative center of the Biryulskoye Rural Settlement in Kachugsky Municipal District, the head of which is Tatyana Sergeyeva, of the United Russia party who was elected in October 2009.[12]

Economy and infrastructure

Biryulka is well known for the manufacture of shallow-draft river boats called shitiks, which have been used on the upper Lena for centuries.[13]

Near Biryulka is the archaeological site of Mokrushinsky burial ground. Work has been conducted since the 1980s, in part by students and archeologists.[14]

In 2006, a volunteer fire department was organized with its own fire-engine and a water tower.[15]

In winter, there is a winter road with an ice-bridge across the Lena River. This is the uppermost crossing of the Lena.[7]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 25 218 807», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 25 218 807, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
  2. 1 2 3 Law #71-oz
  3. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  4. 1 2 3 Энциклопедия «Качугский район от А до Я» (in Russian)
  5. ↑ Russian Post. Biryulka (in Russian)
  6. ↑ "Главная /Россия /Бирюлька, Ирк. обл. /". komandirovka.ru. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 В Качугском районе открылись ледовые переправы через р.Лену. Transport (in Russian). Federation news. 2006-12-11. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
  8. 1 2 Larichev, V. (1998). Объять необъятное!. "Наука в Сибири" (in Russian). Retrieved September 19, 2012.
  9. ↑ Окладников Алексей Павлович. warheroes.ru/ (in Russian). Retrieved September 19, 2012.
  10. ↑ Ледяной поход 3-го Барнаульского стрелкового полка (Северный путь) (in Russian). Тернистый путь. Однодневная газета. 1 февраля 1921 г. Издание Владивостокского объединенного комитета по устройству недели каппелевцев. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
  11. ↑ Списки жертв (in Russian). memo.ru. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
  12. ↑ В Бирюльке появилась своя дума. Politic (in Russian). Irkutsk, Russia: Independent news agency - Baikal. 2009-10-14. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
  13. ↑ Ivanova, Maria (2007). Реа Лена: От истока до устья. Якутск вечерний (in Russian). Retrieved 2009-11-04.
  14. ↑ Археологическое объединение учащихся ЦДЮТиК (in Russian). ЦДЮТиК. 2003. Archived from the original on 2011-10-09. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
  15. ↑ Добровольно вызвались идти в огонь. News and Events (in Russian). 0-1.ru. 2007-06-17. Archived from the original on 2011-09-02. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
  • "Building the Ice Bridge Over the Lena River". Video (in Dutch). YouTube. Retrieved November 20, 2009.
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