Bill Parker (comics)

Bill Parker
Parker from the Princeton University Yearbook "Bric-a-Bric" (1933)
Born William Lee Parker
September 11, 1911
East Orange, New Jersey, United States
Died January 31, 1963
New York, New York, United States
Nationality American
Area(s) Writer, Editor
Notable works
 Captain Marvel, Spy Smasher (both with C.C. Beck)

William Lee "Bill" Parker (September 11, 1911 – January 31, 1963) was an American comic book writer and editor. He is best known for creating the Fawcett Comics character, Captain Marvel, in 1939, along with artist C. C. Beck.[1][2][3][4]

Parker graduated in 1929 from The Lawerenceville School in New Jersey, and then attended Princeton University, where he was a member of the Cannon Club, Press Club and ROTC. After graduating from Princeton in 1933 with a degree in English Literature, he worked for three years for the New York Herald Tribune as a sports editor and in the education department, followed by a year as sports editor of the Literary Digest. In September 1937 he joined Fawcett Publications, initially as an editor on its crime and detective magazines and then as an editor on its movie magazine line. He stayed in this role until August 1939, when he was asked to become the senior editor of a new comic book line that Fawcett intended to bring to market.

After agreeing to take on the comic book project, Parker was assigned the task of creating the characters and stories for Fawcett's first comic magazine, Whiz Comics. For the lead character, Parker developed a superhero that he initially named "Captain Thunder," later changed to "Captain Marvel" at the suggestion of Fawcett General Manager Ralph Daigh. Parker originally conceived Captain Marvel as a leader of a group of men, each of whom possessed one outstanding characteristic, and who would be called upon by the leader as the needs of each mission demanded. This concept was inspired by stories of the Knights of the Round Table that Parker had read as a boy in James Baldwin's 1910 book "Stories of the King." Fawcett's Daigh, however, was against the idea of a group, so Parker decided to combine all of the outstanding characteristics of the group into a single character. He drew these characteristics from six mythological heroes - Solomon, Hercules, Achilles, Zeus, Atlas and Mercury - and used the first letter of each as an acrostic for the word "Shazam." After Parker had fully developed Captain Marvel's character and backstory, artist Clarence "C.C." Beck was brought in to flesh out the character's look, to which Parker contributed the ideas for the Hessian cape and the lightning bolt logo. Captain Marvel's first appearance was in Whiz Comics #2, which went on sale in December 1939.[5]

In addition to co-creating Captain Marvel, Parker also co-created the other Fawcett characters that debuted in Whiz Comics #2, including Ibis the Invincible (with C.C. Beck), Golden Arrow (with Pete Costanza), Spy Smasher (with C.C. Beck), Scoop Smith (with Greg Duncan), Lance O'Casey (with Bob Kingett) and Dan Dare (with Greg Duncan).

At the time he created Captain Marvel, Parker was a member of the cavalry in the New York National Guard, and in October 1940 left Fawcett to join the U.S. Army in active service. He served in the Pacific theater during World War II, rising to the rank of Major. Following World War II, he rejoined Fawcett Publications in December 1945, but had no further involvement in comics. From 1945 to 1948 he was the feature editor of Today's Woman, before becoming the senior editor of Mechanix Illustrated, a position he held until his death in 1963. Parker was survived by his wife, the former Elizabeth Hennig, and two step-daughters. Parker's only child, William Lee Parker Jr., died in infancy in 1949.

Bibliography

  • Hamerlinck, P. (ed.), Fawcett Companion. The Best of FCA, TwoMorrows Publishing, 2001.
  • Thomas, R., (ed.), The Alter Ego Collection, vol. 1, TwoMorrows Publishing, 2006.
  • Cremins, B., Captain Marvel and the Art of Nostalgia, University Press of Mississippi, 2017.
  • Deposition of Captain William Lee Parker in Detective Comics, Inc. v. Fawcett Publications, Inc., September 11, 1944.
  • Trial testimony of William Lee Parker in Detective Comics, Inc. v. Fawcett Publications, Inc., March 9, 1948.

References

  1. ↑ Cremins, Brian (January 3, 2017). "Captain Marvel and the Art of Nostalgia". Univ. Press of Mississippi. Retrieved July 30, 2018 – via Google Books.
  2. ↑ Duncan, Randy; Smith, Matthew J. (January 29, 2013). "Icons of the American Comic Book: From Captain America to Wonder Woman [2 volumes]: From Captain America to Wonder Woman". ABC-CLIO. Retrieved July 30, 2018 – via Google Books.
  3. ↑ Hamerlinck, Paul (July 30, 2018). "Fawcett Companion: The Best of FCA". TwoMorrows Publishing. Retrieved July 30, 2018 – via Google Books.
  4. ↑ LoCicero, Don (October 15, 2007). "Superheroes and Gods: A Comparative Study from Babylonia to Batman". McFarland. Retrieved July 30, 2018 – via Google Books.
  5. ↑ "The Grand Comics Database - Whiz Comics #2". Retrieved September 23, 2018.
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