BMW M10

BMW M10
BMW M10 engine inside
Overview
Manufacturer BMW
Production 1962–1988
Layout
Configuration SOHC Straight-4
Chronology
Successor BMW M40

The BMW M10 is a straight-4 SOHC piston engine produced from 1962 to 1988 with displacements ranging from 1499 cc to 1990 cc. It was first released in the New Class sedans and began to be phased out following the introduction of the M40 engine in 1987.

The engine was a commercial success for the Bavarian carmaker, with over 3.5 million produced in almost three decades across many BMW models.[1] It has a forged crankshaft, counterbalance weights, five main bearings and a chain-driven camshaft.[2] The block is made from cast iron and the head is made from aluminium.[3]

It was also used as the basis for the turbocharged BMW M12 motorsport engine, which was used in the Formula One racing series by Brabham-BMW and others.

Development

The engine was designed by engineer and race driver Baron Alex von Falkenhausen.[1] In the late 1950s, he was asked to design a small-displacement (1.3 L) engine, but felt that this would be insufficient for the company's future needs. Therefore, he convinced BMW that the capacity should be 1.5 L instead and he designed a block that could be expanded to 2.0 L in the future. The M10 Engine that resulted had a bore and stroke of 82mm by 71mm for a displacement of 1499cc. It utilized hemispherical combustion chambers, had an aluminum alloy head, and two large valves per cylinder, 39mm inlets and 35mm exhausts. Power was rated at 80bhp.[4]

BMW have even fairly recently (as of around 2007) redesigned the Banjo bolts that secure the oil feed spray bar to the cylinder head. The M30 and M10 engines became known for camshaft wear when the banjo bolts worked loose, resulting in much decreased and eventually no oil supply. BMW redesigned the Banjo bolts with a slightly different thread pitch as well as dry thread lock - used with new copper sealing washers this eliminates the problem.

Naming conventions

The engine was initially known as the "M115" (the last two digits representing the 1.5 litre capacity). Over the years, variants of the engine were given various codes (most of them starting with "M1..." and the remaining digits relating to the capacity). In 1975, the engine became known as then "M10", then in 1980 it was given the standardised BMW engine code of M10B18 (where "M10" represents the series and the "18" represents the 1.8 litre capacity).

The M115 and all related engines have become retroactively known as the "M10" family.

Models

ModelDisplacementPowerTorqueYear
M1151,499 cc (91.5 cu in)54 kW (72 hp)
@5800 rpm		118 N⋅m (87 lb⋅ft)
@3700 rpm		1974–1977
60 kW (80 hp)
@5700 rpm		118 N⋅m (87 lb⋅ft)
@3000 rpm		1962-1964
M1161,573 cc (96.0 cu in)63 kW (84 hp)
@5800 rpm		130 N⋅m (96 lb⋅ft)
@3500rpm		1964–1975
78 kW (105 hp)
@6000 rpm		141 N⋅m (104 lb⋅ft)
@4500rpm		1967–1968
M4167 kW (90 hp)
@6000 rpm		167 N⋅m (123 lb⋅ft)
@4000 rpm		1975-1980
M9855 kW (74 hp)
@5800 rpm		110 N⋅m (81 lb⋅ft)
@3200 rpm		1981-1983
M1181,766 cc (107.8 cu in)67 kW (90 hp)
@5250 rpm		144 N⋅m (106 lb⋅ft)
@3000 rpm		1963–1974
81 kW (109 hp)
@5800 rpm		148 N⋅m (109 lb⋅ft)
@4000 rpm		1964–1976
95 kW (127 hp)
@6100 rpm		157 N⋅m (116 lb⋅ft)
@5100 rpm		1965
M10B1874 kW (99 hp)
@5800 rpm		135 N⋅m (100 lb⋅ft)
@3500 rpm		1980-1983
77 kW (103 hp)
@5800 rpm		145 N⋅m (107 lb⋅ft)
@ 4500 rpm		1980–1987
M051,990 cc (121.4 cu in)75 kW (101 hp)
@5500 rpm		157 N⋅m (116 lb⋅ft)
@3000 rpm		1968–1976
89 kW (119 hp)
@5600 rpm		167 N⋅m (123 lb⋅ft)
@3500 rpm		1965–1971
M1784 kW (113 hp)
@5800 rpm		165 N⋅m (122 lb⋅ft)
@3700 rpm		1972-1977
M1597 kW (130 hp)
@5800 rpm		177 N⋅m (131 lb⋅ft)
@4500 rpm		1970–1974
M4380 kW (107 hp)
@5800 rpm		160 N⋅m (118 lb⋅ft)
@3700 rpm		1975-1983
M6492 kW (123 hp)
@5700 rpm		175 N⋅m (129 lb⋅ft)
@4350 rpm		1975-1979
M10B2081 kW (109 hp)
@5700 rpm		152 N⋅m (112 lb⋅ft)
@4350 rpm		1977-1979
M311,990 cc (121.4 cu in)
turbo		125 kW (168 hp)
@5800 rpm		245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft)
@4000 rpm		1973-1975

M115

The 1.5 L (1499 cc/91 in3) M115 produced 75 hp or 80 hp (56 kW or 60 kW),[5][6] depending on the state of tune. Bore is 82 mm (3.2 in), stroke is 71 mm (2.8 in). Lower power models use an 8:1 compression ratio, while higher power models use a ratio of 8.8:1. Fuel is supplied via a Solex 38 PDSI carburettor.

Applications:

M116

The 1.6 L (1573 cc/95 in3) M116 used a Solex 38 PDSI carburettor and produced 63 kW (84 hp). Bore is 84 mm (3.3 in), stroke is 71 mm (2.8 in) and compression ratio is 8.6:1.

Applications:

A version using twin Solex 40 PHH carburettors and a compression ratio of 9.5:1 produced 78 kW (105 hp)

Applications:

M41

The 1.6 L (1573 cc/95 in3) M41 produced 67 kW (90 hp) and 123 N⋅m (91 lb⋅ft). It has a 8.3:1 compression ratio and fuel is supplied by a Solex 32 DIDTA carburettor.

Applications:

M98

The 1.6 L (1573 cc/95 in3) M98 produces 55 kilowatts (74 hp).[7] Fuel is supplied by a Pierburg 1B2 carburettor and the compression ratio is 9.5:1.

Applications:

M118

The 1.8 L (1773 cc/108 in3) M118 produces 66–95 kW (89–127 hp),[8] depending on specification, with bore is 84 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 80 mm (3.1 in).

Applications:

  • 1963-1968 1800: 67 kW (90 hp), 8.6:1 compression, Solex 36-40 PDSI carburettor
  • 1974 E12 518: 67 kW (90 hp), 8.6:1 compression, Solex 38 PDSI carburettor
  • 1963-1966 1800ti: 81 kW (109 hp), 9.5:1 compression, 2x Solex 40 PHH carburettors
  • 1965 1800tiSA: 95 kW (127 hp), 10.5:1 compression, 2x Weber DCOE-45 carburettors

M10B18

The 1.8 L (1766 cc/107 in3) M10B18 produces 74–77 kW (99–103 hp), depending on specification. Bore is 89 mm (3.5 in), stroke is 71 mm (2.8 in).

Applications:

  • 1969-1972 1800: 67 kW (90 hp), 8.6:1 compression, Solex 36-40 PDSI carburettor
  • 1971-1975 BMW 1802: 67 kW (90 hp), 8.6:1 compression, Solex 38 PDSI carburettor
  • 1980-1983 E21 320i/320is (USA): 74 kW (99 hp), 8.8:1 compression, Bosch K-Jetronic MFI
  • 1980-1983 E12 518 (South Africa): 77 kW (103 hp), 10:1 compression, Bosch K-Jetronic MFI
  • 1982-1987 E30 318i: 77 kW (103 hp), 10:1 compression, Bosch L-Jetronic EFI
  • 1981-1988 E28 518i: 77 kW (103 hp), 9.5:1 compression, Bosch LE-Jetronic MFI

M05

The 2.0 L (1990 cc/121 in3) M05 has a bore of 89 mm and a stroke of 80 mm. It produces 75–89 kW (101–119 hp), depending on specification.

Applications:

  • 1965-1970 BMW 2000CS: 89 kW (119 hp), 9.3:1 compression, 2x Solex 40 PHH carburettors
  • 1966-1970 BMW 2000C: 75 kW (101 hp), 8.5:1 compression, Solex 40 PDSI carburettor
  • 1966-1972 BMW 2000: 75 kW (101 hp), 8.5:1 compression, Solex 40 PDSI carburettor
  • 1966-1971 BMW 2000ti: 89 kW (119 hp), 9.3:1 compression, 2x Solex 40 PHH carburettors
  • 1968-1976 BMW 2002: 75 kW (101 hp), 8.5:1 compression, Solex 40 PDSI carburettor

M17

The 2.0 L (1990 cc/121 in3) M17 produces 85 kW (114 hp). It has a Stromberg 175 CDET carburettor and a compression ratio of 9.0:1.

Applications:

M15

The 2.0 L (1990 cc/121 in3) M15 used the Kugelfischer mechanical fuel injection and produced 97 kW (130 hp). It was the famed tii engine.

Applications:

M43

The 2.0 L (1990 cc/121 in3) M43/1 has a compression ratio of 8.1:1 and produces 80 kW (107 hp).

Applications:

  • 1975-1979 E21 320 (Solex 32-32 DIDTA carburettor)
  • 1975-1979 E21 320i (USA only, Bosch K-Jetronic MFI)

M64

The 2.0 L (1990 cc/121 in3) M64 has a compression ratio of 9.3:1, uses K-Jetronic fuel injection and produces 93 kW (125 hp).

Applications:

M31

The 2.0 L (1990 cc, 121 in3) M31 used a KKK turbocharger and Kugelfischer P04 mechanical fuel injection with a sliding throttle plate. It has a compression ratio of 6.9:1 and produces 125 kW (168 hp).

Applications:

Performance variants

M12 turbocharged motorsport version

The M10 was used as the basis for the highly successful M12 turbocharged motorsport engine.

S14 version

The S14 engine for the E30 BMW M3 was based upon the M10 block.[9]

References

  1. 1 2 "BMW World - M10 Engine". www.usautoparts.net. Archived from the original on 21 April 2012.
  2. ↑ "BMW M10 Four Cylinder Engines". www.unixnerd.demon.co.uk. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
  3. ↑ "M10 - E30 Zone Wiki". www.e30zone.net. Retrieved 28 January 2017.
  4. ↑ The cylinder head was alloy with hemispherical combustion chambers
  5. ↑ "1975 BMW Type 114 1502 Specs". www.ultimatespecs.com. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
  6. ↑ "1961 BMW New Class 1500 Specs". www.ultimatespecs.com. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
  7. ↑ "1981 BMW E21 3 Series 315 Specs". www.ultimatespecs.com. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
  8. ↑ "1962 BMW 1800 specifications, information, data, photos". www.carfolio.com. Retrieved 24 January 2017.
  9. ↑ "3 Series – E30". BMW History. Retrieved 2012-11-07.
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