Auckland Island

Auckland Island
Motu Maha (Māori)
Auckland Island, Carnley Harbour & Adams Island (RHS)
Auckland Island
New Zealand Subantarctic Islands
Geography
Coordinates 50°41′S 166°05′E / 50.69°S 166.08°E / -50.69; 166.08
Archipelago Auckland Islands
Area 442.5[1] km2 (170.9 sq mi)
Length 42 km (26.1 mi)
Width 26 km (16.2 mi)
Highest elevation 659 m (2,162 ft)
Highest point Cavern Peak
Administration
New Zealand

Auckland Island is the main island of the Auckland Islands, an uninhabited archipelago in the south Pacific Ocean belonging to New Zealand. It is inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage list together with the other subantarctic New Zealand islands in the region as follows: 877-004 Auckland Isls, New Zealand S50.29 E165.52 62560Ha 1998

Geography

Map of Auckland Islands

The island has a land area of about 442.5 km2 (170.9 sq mi),[1] and is 42 kilometres (26 mi) long. It is notable for its steep cliffs and rugged terrain, which rises to over 600 m (1,969 ft). Prominent peaks include Cavern Peak (659 m or 2,162 ft), Mount Raynal (635 m or 2,083 ft), Mount D'Urville (630 m or 2,067 ft), Mount Easton (610 m or 2,001 ft), and the Tower of Babel (550 m or 1,804 ft).[2]

The southern end of the island broadens to a width of 26 km (16 mi). Here, a narrow channel known as Carnley Harbour (on some maps the Adams Straits) separates the main island from the smaller Adams Island. The channel is the remains of the crater of an extinct volcano, Adams Island and the southern part of the main island form the crater rim. 3 km (1.9 mi) north of Carnley Harbour's mouth lies Cape Lovitt, the westernmost point of New Zealand.

Fauna

Auckland Island, North End - from Enderby Island

The island is part of the Auckland Island group Important Bird Area (IBA), identified as such by BirdLife International because of the significance of the group as a breeding site for several species of seabirds as well as the endemic Auckland shag, Auckland teal, Auckland rail and Auckland snipe.[3]

There are introduced Auckland Island pig, cats and mice present on the island, although the New Zealand Department of Conservation plans to eradicate them.[4][5]

Goats were introduced to the Auckland Islands several times in the second half of the nineteenth century, to serve as a source of food for castaway sailors, with at least one liberation in 1865 on the main Auckland Island. By the 1970s, only one population remained, a group of about 100 based on the northwest side of Port Ross, in the north-east of the main island. In 1986 and 1987, over 60 animals were removed from the island for captive breeding in New Zealand. A decision was made to eradicate the remaining animals, an operation which was completed by 1992. An investigation in 1999 into the fate of the translocated animals in New Zealand found that the breed had become extinct.[6]Coordinates: 50°41′S 166°05′E / 50.69°S 166.08°E / -50.69; 166.08

Settlement

There is archaeological evidence that the Auckland Islands were briefly settled and abandoned by Polynesians around 600–700 years ago. Māori and Moriori arrived from the Chatham Islands in 1842, and stayed until about 1855. Auckland Island was the site of the failed settlement of Hardwicke, which was founded in 1849 but survived only three years before being disbanded in 1852.[5]

In film

The 1955 film The Sea Chase has a German merchant ship fleeing from British and Australian naval ships at the beginning of World War II.

The ship stops at Auckland Island (the film was shot at Hawaii) to take victuals from the rescue station. A pro-Nazi officer shoots the three castaway fishermen he finds there, following which time another ship locates the corpses and chases the German ship.

The plot is inspired by the trip of Norddeutscher Lloyd steamer Erlangen.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Auckland - including Dundas, Ewing, Rose". Islands.unep.ch. Retrieved 1 August 2010.
  2. ↑ "Map of the Auckland Islands". Department of Conservation. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
  3. ↑ BirdLife International. (2012). Important Bird Areas factsheet: Auckland Islands. Downloaded from "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 10 July 2007. Retrieved 29 March 2014. on 23 January 2012.
  4. ↑ "Eradicating pigs and cats on the Auckland Islands". Department of Conservation. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  5. 1 2 Rykers, Ellen (July–August 2018). "Lie of the land". New Zealand Geographic. 152: 92–103.
  6. ↑ Rare Breeds Conservation Society of New Zealand: Auckland Island Goats
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.