Arthur Hailey

Arthur Hailey
Born (1920-04-05)April 5, 1920
Luton, Bedfordshire, England
Died November 24, 2004(2004-11-24) (aged 84)
Lyford Cay, New Providence, Bahamas
Occupation Novelist
Nationality British-Canadian
Notable works Hotel (1965)
Airport (1968)
Spouses Joan Fishwick (1944-1950; div.)
Sheila Dunlop (1951-2004; his death)
Children 6

Arthur Hailey (April 5, 1920 – November 24, 2004) was a British-Canadian novelist whose plot-driven storylines were set against the backdrops of various industries. His meticulously researched books, which include such best sellers as Hotel (1965), Airport (1968), Wheels (1971), The Moneychangers (1975), and Overload (1979), have sold 170 million copies in 38 languages.[1]

Early life

Arthur Frederick Hailey was born on April 5, 1920, in Luton, Bedfordshire, England, the only child of George Wellington Hailey, a factory worker, and Elsie Wright Hailey. An avid reader,[2] Hailey began to write poems, plays and stories at a young age.[3] He once said, "My mother left me off chores so I could write." [2] Elsie encouraged her son to learn typing and shorthand so that he might become a clerk instead of a factory worker.[3]

At fourteen, Hailey failed to win a scholarship which would have enabled him to continue his schooling.[4] From 1934 to 1939 he was an office boy and clerk[5] in London. He joined the Royal Air Force in 1939, and served as a pilot during World War II, eventually rising to the rank of flight lieutenant.[3] In 1947, unhappy with the post-war Labour government,[2] he emigrated to Canada, becoming a dual citizen.[6] Settling in Toronto,[3] he held a variety of jobs, in such fields as real estate, sales, and advertising.[1] He was editor of a trade magazine called Bus and Truck Transport.[6] During these years, he continued to write.[2]

Career

Hailey's professional writing career began in 1955 with a script called Flight into Danger, which was purchased by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and telecast on April 3, 1956.[7] This story of a plane flight in jeopardy after its crew is incapacitated was "the smash hit of the season," won enormous acclaim, and was broadcast internationally.[8] It was adapted as a novel by "John Castle" (a pseudonym for Ronald Payne and John Garrod), with Hailey credited as co-author; it was published by Britain's Souvenir Press in 1958 under its original title, but renamed Runway Zero-Eight (Doubleday) for its 1959 American publication.[9] The story was filmed in 1957 as Zero Hour! (Paramount), and for television in 1971 as Terror in the Sky. Perhaps most famously, it also served as the basis for Paramount's 1980 parody Airplane!.[10]

With the success of Flight into Danger, Hailey was in demand as a television writer, and wrote for such shows as Studio One, Kraft Television Theatre, Playhouse 90, and Suspense.[11] In 1959, he adapted his teleplay No Deadly Medicine (for which he won an Emmy nomination)[12] into his first novel The Final Diagnosis. Published by Doubleday, it's the story of the chief pathologist at a Burlington, Pennsylvania, hospital. The book received good reviews,[13][14] and was a selection of the Literary Guild of America.[9] Hailey's second novel, In High Places (Doubleday) was published in 1962. Dealing with international politics[9] the book was again selected by the Literary Guild, and was a best seller in Canada.[15]

Hailey's commercial breakthrough came in 1965 with publication of Hotel [16] (Doubleday), which followed five days in the lives of employees and residents of New Orleans' luxurious St. Gregory hotel. The book spent 48 weeks on the New York Times best seller list, peaking at #3,[17] and became the eighth highest-selling novel of the year.[18] It established the template for Hailey's future works: ordinary people involved in extaordinary situations in a business or industry which is described in meticulous detail.[2]

Following the success of Hotel, Hailey moved to California. In 1968 he achieved international fame[19] with his fourth novel, Airport (Doubleday), the story of one eventful night at a midwestern international airport. The novel was No. 1 in the New York Times for 30 weeks, and became the top-selling novel of the year.[20] The film adaptation, released in 1970, was the second-highest-grossing film of the year (second only to Love Story) [21] and received ten Academy Award nominations, including best picture.[22] The success of the film, together with that of 1972's The Poseidon Adventure, led to the proliferation of "disaster films" during the 1970s,[23] which included three additional films in what became the Airport franchise.

After the financial success of Airport, on the advice of his tax attorney, Hailey moved as a tax exile to the Bahamas[24] settling in Lyford Cay on New Providence Island. He had intended to stay for just two years, but liked it so much[24] that he remained there for the rest of his life. In 1971, he published Wheels (Doubleday), set in the automobile industry; like Airport, it was a no. 1 New York Times best seller,[25] and the highest-selling novel of its year.[26] Hailey followed it with two additional no. 1 sellers: The Moneychangers (Doubleday, 1975),[27] about the banking industry; and Overload (Doubleday, 1979),[28] about the energy crisis.

In 1979, following publication of Overload, Hailey announced his retirement. After undergoing quadruple heart bypass surgery, however, he felt rejuvenated, and returned to work.[29] His novel Strong Medicine (Doubleday), about the pharmaceutical industry, was published in 1984 and was another major best seller; it became the thirteenth highest-selling novel of the year.[30] His commercial success had declined somewhat[31] by 1990 with publication of The Evening News (Doubleday), and with his final novel, Detective (Crown), which appeared in 1997. Hailey continued to write, but—except for the slim The Lyford Legacy: A Brief History of Lyford Cay from 1788 (Lyford Cay Foundation, 2000),[32]—Hailey now wrote only as a hobby.[1]

Arthur Hailey's papers are housed at the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, University of Toronto, and at the Harry C. Moore Library of the College of The Bahamas.[33]

Writing method and critical reception

Hailey would usually spend three years[34] on each book. First, he would dedicate a year to research, then six months reviewing his notes, and finally 18 months writing.[16] His research was painstaking:[6] he read 27 books about the hotel industry for Hotel,[19] he spent months at a Detroit car plant for Wheels,[6] and he spent time—at the age of 67—with rebel guerillas in the jungles of Peru[2] for The Evening News. Hailey himself had few literary pretensions; he said, "I'm a storyteller and anything else is incidental."[16]

Arthur Hailey was not a critical favourite. In the New York Times, Martin Levin called him "a plodding sort of writer." [35] Martha Gellhorn, reviewing The Evening News for The Daily Telegraph wrote, "This is not a book you cannot put down; it is a book you can hardly hold up. It will sell in millions and be translated into 34 languages. Possibly it is more readable in Icelandic or Urdu." [3] And Time magazine, reviewing Wheels together with Harold Robbins's The Betsy, said, "Yes, junk fans, it's a mano a mano for novelists who are all thumbs. Two of the greatest schlockmeisters in the history of solid waste have just published novels about the auto industry." [36]

But Hailey's ability to tell a story was recognized by some critics. In the New York Times, John Reed conceded, in a review of Wheels, that "Mr. Hailey is nothing if not a competent craftsman." [37] Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, in his New York Times review of The Moneychangers wrote, "What I had in mind was diversion, and, to tell the shameful truth, I found it." [38] Reviewing Detective, Publishers Weekly wrote, "Old pro Hailey... remains adept at hooking readers with his propulsive brand of storytelling." [39]

Personal life

Hailey was married twice. In 1944 he married Joan Fishwick (1918-2004), with whom he had three children before divorcing in 1950. In 1951 he married Sheila Dunlop (b. 1927), with whom he also had three children.[1] In 1978 Sheila Hailey published I Married a Best Seller: My Life with Arthur Hailey (Doubleday), which was not always complimentary,[31] but the couple remained together for 53 years.

Arthur Hailey died in his sleep on November 24, 2004, at his home in Lyford Cay, of what doctors believed to be a stroke.[40] He was 84. News of his death ran in hundreds of newspapers worldwide.[41]

Novels

Selected Screen Adaptations

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Holley, Joe (November 27, 2004). "Arthur Hailey, British Author Of 'Hotel' and 'Airport,' Dies". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 6, 2017.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Guttridge, Peter (November 24, 2004). "Arthur Hailey". The Independent. Retrieved February 6, 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Arthur Hailey". The Telegraph. November 27, 2004. Retrieved February 7, 2014.
  4. ↑ Christy, Marian (April 25, 1990). "The unstoppable Arthur Hailey". The Boston Globe Magazine. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
  5. ↑ Wohlfert, Lee (March 31, 1975). "Arthur Hailey Writes a New Novel About Big Money—and He Should Know". People. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "Arthur Hailey". The Scotsman. November 29, 2004. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
  7. ↑ Plummer, Kevin (August 13, 2011). "Historicist: Hailey's Comet". Torontoist. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
  8. ↑ Rutherford, Paul (1990). When Television Was Young: Primetime Canada 1952-1967. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 282.
  9. 1 2 3 Hailey, Sheila (1978). I Married a Best Seller: My Life with Arthur Hailey. Open Road Media, 2014. Kindle Edition.
  10. ↑ Van Riper, A. Bowdoin (2004). Imagining Flight: Aviation and Popular Culture. College Station: Texas A&M University Press. p. 114.
  11. ↑ "Arthur Hailey 1920-2004". IMDb. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
  12. ↑ "Arthur Hailey Awards". IMDb. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
  13. ↑ Fuller, Edmund (September 20, 1959). "Hospital Microcosm" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved February 9, 2017. (Subscription required (help)).
  14. ↑ "The Final Diagnosis". Kirkus Reviews. n.d. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
  15. ↑ Nichols, Lewis (December 9, 1962). "In and Out of Books" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved February 9, 2017. (Subscription required (help)).
  16. 1 2 3 Thurber, Jon (November 26, 2004). "Arthur Hailey, 84; Bestselling Author of 'Hotel,' 'Airport'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  17. ↑ "The New York Times Best Seller List April 25, 1965 Fiction" (PDF). Adult New York Times Best Seller Lists for 1965. Hawes Publications. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  18. ↑ "1965: Fiction". 20th-Century American Bestsellers. University of Virginia. 2016. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  19. 1 2 O'Donnell, Michelle (November 26, 2004). "Arthur Hailey, Novelist Who Had a Hit in 'Airport,' Dies at 84". The New York Times. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
  20. ↑ "1968: Fiction". 20th-Century American Bestsellers. University of Virginia. 2016. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  21. ↑ "Top Grossing Films of 1970". Listal. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  22. 1 2 "The 43rd Academy Awards 1971". oscars.org. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 2015. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
  23. ↑ Keane, Stephen (2012). Disaster Movies: The Cinema of Catastrophe. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 29.
  24. 1 2 Davis, William A. (December 13, 1982). "Hailey's comet of best-sellers". The Boston Globe Magazine. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  25. ↑ "The New York Times Best Seller List November 7, 1971 Fiction" (PDF). Adult New York Times Best Seller Lists for 1971. Hawes Publications. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  26. ↑ "1971: Fiction". 20th-Century American Bestsellers. University of Virginia. 2016. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  27. ↑ "The New York Times Best Seller List May 4, 1975 Fiction" (PDF). Adult New York Times Best Seller Lists for 1975. Hawes Publications. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  28. ↑ "The New York Times Best Seller List February 25, 1979 Fiction" (PDF). Adult New York Times Best Seller Lists for 1979. Hawes Publications. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  29. ↑ Davis, William A. (December 13, 1982). "Hailey's comet of best-sellers". The Boston Globe Magazine. Retrieved February 12, 2017.
  30. ↑ "20th-Century American Bestsellers 1984: Fiction". library.virginia.edu. University of Virginia. 2016. Retrieved February 12, 2017.
  31. 1 2 Hamilton, Geoff; Jones, Brian (2013). Encyclopedia of American Popular Fiction (PDF e-book)|format= requires |url= (help) (2nd ed.). New York: Infobase Learning. ISBN 978-1-4381-4065-0.
  32. ↑ "Hailey, Arthur". ABC Bookworld. Retrieved February 12, 2017.
  33. ↑ Lundstrom, T.E. (2013). The Arthur Hailey Collection. The International Journal of Bahamian Studies, 19, 1-2. Retrieved from http://journals.sfu.ca/cob/index.php/files/article/viewFile/183/235
  34. ↑ "Arthur Hailey: King of the bestsellers". BBC News. November 24, 2004. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  35. ↑ Levin, Martin (April 7, 1968). "Reader's Report" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved February 5, 2017. (Subscription required (help)).
  36. ↑ Skow, John (December 13, 1971). "Books: Internal Combustion". Time. Retrieved February 13, 2017. (Subscription required (help)).
  37. ↑ Reed, John (September 19, 1971). "Wheels". The New York Times. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
  38. ↑ Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher (July 28, 1975). "Books of the Times Calculators at 50 Paces". The New York Times. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
  39. ↑ "Detective". Publishers Weekly. June 30, 1997. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
  40. ↑ Jankiewicz, Adam (November 26, 2004). "Arthur Hailey, 84, novelist who wrote 'Airport,' 'Hotel'". The Boston Globe. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  41. ↑ "Bylines around the world after novelist death exclusive". HoldTheFrontPage.co.uk. June 25, 2007. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  42. ↑ "Zero Hour! (1957)". IMDb. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  43. ↑ "The Young Doctors (1961)". IMDb. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  44. ↑ "Hotel (1967)". IMDb. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  45. ↑ "Airport (1970)". IMDb. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  46. ↑ "Arthur Hailey's The Moneychangers". IMDb. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  47. ↑ "The Moneychangers NBC World Premiere The Big Event NBC". Emmys.com. Academy of Television Arts and Sciences. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  48. ↑ "Wheels". IMDb. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  49. ↑ "Wheels NBC". Emmys.com. Academy of Television Arts and Sciences. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  50. ↑ "Hotel". IMDb. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  51. ↑ "Strong Medicine (1986)". IMDb. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  52. ↑ "Detective (2005)". IMDb. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
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