Syagrus (plant)
Syagrus | |
---|---|
Syagrus romanzoffiana | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
(unranked): | Angiosperms |
(unranked): | Monocots |
(unranked): | Commelinids |
Order: | Arecales |
Family: | Arecaceae |
Subfamily: | Arecoideae |
Tribe: | Cocoseae |
Subtribe: | Attaleinae[1] |
Genus: | Syagrus |
Synonyms[3][1] | |
Arecastrum (Drude) Becc. |
Syagrus is a genus of Arecaceae (palms), native to South America, with one species endemic to the Lesser Antilles.[3] The genus is closely related to the Cocos, or coconut genus, and many Syagrus species produce edible seeds similar to the coconut.
Description
Palms in this group have solitary trunks, clusters, and subterranean stems. Crownshafts are not present in the genus; inflorescences emerge from the leaf crown. Leaves are pinnate, often recurved, from 2 to 5 m. They are monoecious, producing white or off-white unisexual flowers of both sexes. The woody bract, which contains the developing inflorescence, is spoon or boat-shaped.
Ecology
S. coronata nuts are the favored food of Lear's macaw, whose bill size and shape are particularly adapted to crack them.[4]
Syagrus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Batrachedra nuciferae (recorded on S. coronae) and Paysandisia archon (recorded on S. romanzoffiana).
Species
- Syagrus allagopteroides Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus amara (Jacq.) Mart. – overtop palm
- Syagrus angustifolia Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus botryophora (Mart.) Mart.
- Syagrus caerulescens Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus campestris (Mart.) Bomhard
- Syagrus campylospatha (Barb.Rodr.) Becc.
- Syagrus cardenasii Glassman
- Syagrus cearensis Noblick
- Syagrus cerqueirana Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus cocoides Mart.
- Syagrus comosa (Mart.) Mart.
- Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc. – licuri palm
- Syagrus deflexa Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus duartei Glassman
- Syagrus evansiana Noblick
- Syagrus flexuosa (Mart.) Becc.
- Syagrus glaucescens Glaz. ex Becc.
- Syagrus glazioviana (Dammer) Becc.
- Syagrus gouveiana Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus graminifolia (Drude) Becc.
- Syagrus harleyi Glassman
- Syagrus inajai (Spruce) Becc.
- Syagrus itacambirana Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus kellyana Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus lilliputiana (Barb.Rodr.) Becc.
- Syagrus loefgrenii Glassman
- Syagrus lorenzoniorum Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus macrocarpa Barb.Rodr.
- Syagrus mendanhensis Glassman
- Syagrus microphylla Burret
- Syagrus minor Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc.
- Syagrus orinocensis (Spruce) Burret
- Syagrus petraea (Mart.) Becc.
- Syagrus picrophylla Barb.Rodr.
- Syagrus pimentae Noblick
- Syagrus pleioclada Burret
- Syagrus pleiocladoides Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus pompeoi K. Soares & R. Pimenta
- Syagrus procumbens Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus pseudococos (Raddi) Glassman
- Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman – queen palm
- Syagrus rupicola Noblick & Lorenzi
- Syagrus ruschiana (Bondar) Glassman
- Syagrus sancona (Kunth) H. Karst.
- Syagrus santosii K. Soares & C.A. Guim.
- Syagrus schizophylla (Mart.) Glassman – arikury palm
- Syagrus smithii (H.E.Moore) Glassman
- Syagrus stenopetala Burret
- Syagrus stratincola Wess.Boer
- Syagrus vagans (Bondar) A.D. Hawkes
- Syagrus vermicularis Noblick
- Syagrus weddelliana (H. Wendl.) Becc.
- Syagrus werdermannii Burret
- Syagrus yungasensis M. Moraes
Hybrids
- Syagrus ×camposportoana (Bondar) Glassman
- Syagrus ×costae Glassman
- Syagrus ×fairchildensis Glassman
- Syagrus ×matafome (Bondar) A.D. Hawkes
- Syagrus ×teixeiriana Glassman
- Syagrus ×tostana (Bondar) Glassman
Formerly placed here
- Butia campicola (Barb.Rodr.) Noblick (as S. campicola (Barb.Rodr.) Becc.)
- Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. (as S. capitata (Mart.) Glassman)
- Butia eriospatha (Mart. ex Drude) Becc. (as S. eriospatha (Mart. ex Drude) Glassman)
- Butia paraguayensis (Barb.Rodr.) L.H.Bailey (as S. paraguayensis (Barb.Rodr.) Glassman)
- Butia yatay (Mart.) Becc. (as S. dyerana (Barb. Rodr.) Becc. and S. yatay (Mart.) Glassman)
- Lytocaryum weddellianum (H.Wendl.) Toledo (as S. insignis (hort. ex Drude) Becc. and S. weddelliana (H.Wendl.) Becc.)
References
- 1 2 "Genus: Syagrus Mart". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2010-03-16. Retrieved 2011-04-03.
- ↑ Martius, Palmarum Familia 18. 1824. Type S. cocoides
- 1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ↑ Yamashita, Carlos; de Paula Valle, Mauro (1993). "On the linkage between Anodorhynchus macaws and palm nuts, and the extinction of the Glaucous Macaw". Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 113: 53–60.
- Jones, D. L. (2000). Palms in Australia. Reed Books.
External links
Data related to Syagrus (plant) at Wikispecies
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Syagrus (plant). |