Applications of nanotechnology

The 2000s have seen the beginnings of the applications of nanotechnology in commercial products, although most applications are limited to the bulk use of passive nanomaterials. Examples include titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreen, cosmetics and some food products; silver nanoparticles in food packaging, clothing, disinfectants and household appliances such as Silver Nano; carbon nanotubes for stain-resistant textiles; and cerium oxide as a fuel catalyst.[1] As of March 10, 2011, the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies estimated that over 1300 manufacturer-identified nanotech products are publicly available, with new ones hitting the market at a pace of 3–4 per week.[2]

Nanotechnology is being used in developing countries to help treat disease and prevent health issues. The umbrella term for this kind of nanotechnology is Nanomedicine.

Nanotechnology is also being applied to or developed for application to a variety of industrial and purification processes. Purification and environmental cleanup applications include the desalination of water, water filtration, wastewater treatment, groundwater treatment, and other nanoremediation. In industry, applications may include construction materials, military goods, and nano-machining of nano-wires, nano-rods, few layers of graphene,[3] etc. Also, recently a new field arisen from the root of Nanotechnology is called Nanobiotechnology. Nanobiotechnology is the biology-based, application-oriented frontier area of research in the hybrid discipline of Nanoscience and biotechnology with an equivalent contribution.[4]

Various product types such as Inks, papers, and holograms in the printing industrial sector are improved using carbon black, graphene, and silver nanoparticles. The petroleum industrial sector also exploits the advantages of nanotechnology in oils, lubricants, drilling mud, scavengers, downhole drills, and catalysts. Additionally, TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles play a main role in both the assemblage of nanostructured solar cells and the self-cleaning improvement of silicon panels. Moreover, the properties of such sports equipment as balls, rackets, bats, eyewears, bicycle wheels, kayaks, and paddles are commercially enabled or enhanced using carbon-based nanostructures (e.g., carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphite, and fullerene).[5]

Applications by type

Nano-tech catalyst

Scientists at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory while attempting to create a nanotechnology based catalyst-mediated series of chemical reactions to turn CO2 into a usable fuel have discovered a process to turn the Carbon dioxide into ethanol, which will serve as a way forward to climate change by both decreasing CO2 in the atmosphere and using the ethanol (CH3CH2OH) as an additive to fuels to increase efficiency and thereby decrease consumption. Reportedly it is also related that the process is cheap in cost and efficient in functioning.[6]<ref>Morgan McCorkle, Communications (October 12, 2016). "Nano-spike catalysts convert carbon dioxide directly into ethanol". Oak Pridge National Laboratory. Retrieved October 18, 2016. <ref>

References

  1. ↑ "Nanotechnology Information Center: Properties, Applications, Research, and Safety Guidelines". American Elements. Retrieved 13 May 2011.
  2. ↑ "Analysis: This is the first publicly available on-line inventory of nanotechnology-based consumer products". The Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies. 2008. Retrieved 13 May 2011.
  3. ↑ Jayasena, Buddhika; Subbiah Sathyan (2011). "A novel mechanical cleavage method for synthesizing few-layer graphenes". Nanoscale Research Letters. 6 (95). Bibcode:2011NRL.....6...95J. doi:10.1186/1556-276X-6-95. PMC 3212245. PMID 21711598.
  4. ↑ Raja muthuramalingam thangavelu et al (2016) Nanobiotechnological approach using plant rooting hormones synthesized silver nanoparticle as a “nanobullets” for the dynamic applications in horticulture -An in vitro and ex vitro study, Arabian Journal of chemistry,https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.09.022
  5. ↑ StatNano Annual Report 2017, StatNano Publications, March 2018, http://statnano.com/publications/4679
  6. ↑ Avery Thompson (October 17, 2016). "Scientists Accidentally Discover Efficient Process to Turn CO2 Into Ethano". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved October 18, 2016.
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