Antiochus XIII Asiaticus

Antiochus XIII Philadelphus
Asiaticus
King of the Seleucid Empire (King of Syria)
Reign 69–64 BC (client king under Pompey)
Predecessor Cleopatra Selene of Syria and Seleucus VII Kybiosaktes
Successor Philip II Philoromaeus
Born Unknown
Died 64 BC
Dynasty Seleucid
Father Antiochus X Eusebes
Mother Cleopatra Selene of Syria

Antiochus XIII Philadelphus, known as Asiaticus, was one of the last rulers of the Seleucid kingdom.

Biography

Coin of Cleopatra Selene (front) and Antiochus XIII

He was son of king Antiochus X Eusebes and the Ptolemaic princess Cleopatra Selene of Syria, who acted as regent for Antiochus XIII after his father's death sometime between 92 and 85 BC.[1] Some time after Tigranes had conquered Syria (83 BC), she traveled to Rome to have her sons recognized as kings of Egypt, but to no avail. However, between 75 BC and 73 BC, they were recognized as "Kings of Syria", and "maintained a royal state".[2] Selene was eventually captured and killed by Tigranes. However, after the latter's defeat by Lucius Licinius Lucullus at the Battle of Tigranocerta, the residents of Antioch hailed Antiochus XIII as king, and Lucullus approved his appointment as client ruler of Syria (69 BC).[3]

In 64 BC, Pompey had him deposed and killed by a Syrian chieftain, Sampsiceramus I.[4] Antiochus' death is traditionally said to have ended the Seleucid dynasty, but he was survived by Philip II Philoromaeus for a short time.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Cicero, In C. Verrem II 4.61, Appian, Syriaca VIII 49, XI 70, Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2 (says Antiochus IX was his father). See also: C.J. Bennett, art. Cleopatra Selene queen of Syria, in Egyptian Royal Genealogy, 2002-2008 (n. 28). Archived May 9, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.
  2. ↑ E.R. Bevan, The House of Seleucus, London, 1902, p. 263.
  3. ↑ Appian, Syriaca VIII 49, Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2.
  4. ↑ Appian, Syriaca VIII 49, XI 70, Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2, Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica XL 1a-b.

References

  • Peter Green, Alexander to Actium: The Historical Evolution of the Hellenistic Age (1990), pp. 552, 553, 658, 659
  • Edwyn R. Bevan, The House of Seleucus (1902), p. 263
  • Downey, Glanville (1951). "The Occupation of Syria by the Romans". Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 82. ISSN 2325-9213. JSTOR 283427.
Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
Born: Unknown Died: 64 BC
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Tigranes, Cleopatra Selene of Syria, Seleucus VII Philometer		 Seleucid King (King of Syria)
83 BC–64 BC
with Cleopatra Selene of Syria (83 BC–69 BC)		 Succeeded by
Philip II Philoromaeus
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