Anogeissus acuminata

Anogeissus acuminata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Clade:Angiosperms
Clade:Eudicots
Clade:Rosids
Order:Myrtales
Family:Combretaceae
Genus:Anogeissus
Species: A. acuminata
Binomial name
Anogeissus acuminata
(Roxb. ex Candolle) Guillemin et al.[1]
Synonyms

Conocarpus lanceolatus Heyne ex Wall.
Conocarpus hirtus Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.
Conocarpus acuminatus Roxb.
Anogeissus tonkinensis Gagnep.
Anogeissus pierrei Gagnep.
Anogeissus harmandii Pierre
Andersonia acuminata Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.

Anogeissus acuminata has been called axlewood or the buttontree in English: it is a synonym of Terminalia phillyreifolia. A medium-sized tree found in both primary and secondary tropical and sub-tropical forests, it may be one of the dominant species of deciduous forests of Vietnam;[2] it is recorded from the rest of Indochina, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar and Yunnan in China. In Yunnan it is found in rocky limestone areas, near sea level to 700 m.[3]

Besides timber uses, the bark of this species has a high tannin content.

Taxonomy

Reference has been made to the varieties:[4]

  • A. a. fischeri,
  • A. a. lanceolata occurring from India to Vietnam,
  • A.a. phillyreifolia (Van Heurck & Müller Argoviensis) Kurz, is "apparently restricted to Myanmar".

Plants of the World Online now refers to this species as a synonym of Terminalia phillyreifolia (Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) Gere & Boatwr.[5]

Description

In China, trees grow to 20 m tall, with a trunk to 1 m d.b.h.; elsewhere (Myanmar) they may be larger: up to 30 m tall and up to 2.4 or even 2.7 m girth, with a straight and cylindrical trunk.[6] Branchlets slightly pendent, slender, together with petioles and leaf blades golden villous when young. Petioles are cylindrical, 2–6 mm; leaf blades are lanceolate to narrowly so, 40-80 × 10–30 mm, abaxially grey-green and pilose mostly in axils of lateral veins, adaxially green and glabrous to glabrescent, base narrowed or obtuse, apex acuminate; lateral veins in 5-7 pairs, inconspicuous.

Flowers are numerous sessile on flower heads 9–13 mm in diameter; bracts are easily deciduous and linear, 4–5 mm long. Calyx tubes are approximately 5 mm long, abaxially yellow pubescent, densely so on ovary and tubular part, more sparsely so on cup-shaped part. Filaments 3–4 mm. Fruits are approximately 6 × 5 mm including a 'beak', ferruginous pubescent distally and on beak. Flowering is from February–March in Bangladesh and Thailand.

Vernacular names

Common names for A. acuminata[7] include:

  • Bengali: Itchri
  • Burmese: ရုံး (yon)
  • Chinese: 榆绿木 (yu lü mu)
  • Hindi: Dhau, Dhoy, धौरा Dhaura
  • Malayalam: Panchman, Vekkali
  • Tamil: நுந்நெரா Nunnera
  • Telugu: Bu-chakaram, Pasi Chettu, Pedda Manu(ailanthus excelsa)
  • Thai: ตะเคียนหนู
  • Urdu: Pasi
  • Vietnamese: Chò nhai (Râm, Xoi)

References

  1. ↑ Guillemin JBA, Perrottet GS, Leprieur FMR, Richard A (1832) Florae Senegambiae tentamen. Tomus primus: seu Historia plantarum in diversis Senegambiae regionibus a peregrinatoribus Perrottet et Leprieur detectarum 1: 280.
  2. ↑ Blanc L, Maury-Lechon G, Pascal J-P (2000) Structure, floristic composition and natural regeneration in the forests of Cat Tien National Park, Vietnam: an analysis of the successional trends. Journal of Biogeography, 27: 141–157.
  3. ↑ Flora of China 13: 314. 2007
  4. ↑ Roskov Y., Kunze T., Orrell T., Abucay L., Paglinawan L., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Decock W., De Wever A., Didžiulis V. (ed) (2014). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
  5. ↑ POWO: Anogeissus acuminata (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guill. & Perr. (retrieved 24 September 2018)
  6. ↑ ITTO Tropical Forest News (accessed 27/12/2016)
  7. ↑ EOL (accessed on 26/12/2016)
  • "Anogeissus acuminata". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
  • Data related to Anogeissus acuminata at Wikispecies
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