Amynodontidae

Amynodontidae
Temporal range: Late Eocene–Early Miocene
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Perissodactyla
Superfamily:Rhinocerotoidea
Family:†Amynodontidae
Genera[1]

See text.

Range of Amynodontidae based on fossil record
Tooth paratype of Cadurcotherium nouleti – MHNT
Zaisanamynodon protheroi

Amynodontidae ("threatening tooth")[2] is a family of extinct perissodactyls related to true rhinoceroses, they are commonly portrayed as semiaquatic hippo-like rhinos[3][4] but this description only fits members of the Metamynodontini, other groups of amynodonts like the cadurcodontines had more typical ungulate proportions and convergently evolved a tapir-like proboscis. Their fossils have been found in North America, Europe and Asia ranging in age from the Middle Eocene to the Early Oligocene, with a single genus (Cadurcotherium) surviving into the Late Oligocene in South Asia (Pakistan).[5] The genus Metamynodon may have survived into the early Miocene.

Taxonomy

†Amynodontidae

  • Subfamily Amynodontinae
    • Tribe Cadurcodontini
      • Genus Cadurcodon
      • Genus Lushiamynodon
      • Genus Sharamynodon
      • Genus Sianodon
    • Tribe Metamynodontini
      • Genus Gigantamynodon
      • Genus Metamynodon
      • Genus Paramynodon
      • Genus Zaisanamynodon
    • Tribe incertae sedis
      • Genus Amynodon
  • Subfamily incertae sedis
    • Genus Amynodontopsis
    • Genus Armania
    • Genus Cadurcamynodon
    • Genus Cadurcopsis
    • Genus Cadurcotherium
    • Genus Caenolophus
    • Genus Euryodon
    • Genus Hypsamynodon
    • Genus Megalamynodon
    • Genus Mesamynodon
    • Genus Penetrigonias
    • Genus Procadurcodon
    • Genus Rostriamynodon
    • Genus Teilhardia
    • Genus Toxotherium

References

  1. ↑ McKenna, M. C; S. K. Bell (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-11012-X.
  2. ↑ American Museum of Natural History, "Perissodactyls Glossary"
  3. ↑ Savage, RJG; Long, MR (1986). Mammal Evolution: an illustrated guide. New York: Facts on File. p. 194. ISBN 0-8160-1194-X.
  4. ↑ Palmer, D., ed. (1999). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. London: Marshall Editions. p. 264. ISBN 1-84028-152-9.
  5. ↑ Wall, William P. (1989). "The phylogenetic history and adaptive radiation of the Amynodontidae". In Prothero, Donald R; Schoch, Robert M. The Evolution of perissodactyls. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195060393.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.