Alan Sugar

The Lord Sugar
Sugar at the 2010 BAFTAs
Born Alan Michael Sugar
(1947-03-24) 24 March 1947
Hackney, East London,
England
Residence Chigwell, Essex, UK[1]
Nationality British
Occupation Entrepreneur, celebrity, author, politician
Net worth Increase £1.15 billion (2016)[2]
Political party Independent (2015-)
Labour[3] (1997–2015)[4]
Spouse(s)
Ann Sugar, Lady Sugar (née Simons) (m. 1968)
Children Simon Sugar
Daniel Sugar
Louise Sugar
Relatives Rita Simons (niece-by-marriage)
Enterprise Champion to the Business Secretary
Assumed office
25 May 2016
Prime Minister David Cameron
Theresa May
Business Secretary Sajid Javid
Greg Clark
Member of the House of Lords
Lord Temporal
Assumed office
20 July 2009
Life Peerage

Alan Michael Sugar, Baron Sugar (born 24 March 1947) is a British business magnate, media personality, politician and political adviser.[5][6] According to the Sunday Times Rich List, Sugar became a billionaire in 2015. In 2016 his fortune was estimated at £1.15bn, ranking him as the 95th richest person in the UK.[2] In 2007, he sold his remaining interest in the consumer electronics company Amstrad, his largest business venture.[7]

Sugar was chairman of Tottenham Hotspur from 1991 to 2001. Sugar appears in the BBC TV series The Apprentice, which has been broadcast annually since 2005 and is based on the US television show of the same name which was originally created by Mark Burnett starring Donald Trump.[8]

Early life

Sugar was born in Hackney, East London, into a Jewish family.[9] His father, Nathan, was a tailor in the garment industry of the East End.[10] His maternal grandparents were born in Russia, and his paternal grandfather was born in Poland. Sugar's paternal grandmother, Sarah Sugar, was born in London to Polish parents.

When Sugar was young, his family lived in a council flat. Because of his profuse, curly hair, he was nicknamed "Mop head", a name that he still goes by in the present day.[11] He attended Northwold Primary School and then Brooke House Secondary School in Upper Clapton, Hackney, and made extra money by working at a greengrocers.[11] After leaving school at the age of sixteen,[12] he worked briefly for the civil service as a statistician at the Ministry of Education. He began selling radio aerials for cars and other electrical goods out of a van which he had bought for £50 and insured for £8. To afford this, he withdrew all of his postal savings which totalled just £100.[13]

Personal life

Sugar is an atheist, but remains proud of his Jewish heritage.[14] Sugar and his wife Ann (née Simons) married on 28 April 1968 at Great Portland Street, London. they have two sons, Simon and Daniel, a daughter, Louise, and seven grandchildren. The couple live in Chigwell, Essex.[1][15] Ann is the paternal aunt of former EastEnders actress Rita Simons.[16]

Sugar owns a Cirrus SR22 four-seat aircraft. During an attempted landing at City Airport Manchester on 5 July 2008, Sugar suffered a crash in this aircraft because of wet and soft field conditions.[17] No injuries were sustained, although Sugar was said to be "very shaken". He is a supporter and was the former owner of Tottenham Hotspur.

In February 2009, it was reported that Sugar had initiated legal proceedings against The Sun newspaper following a report that he had been named on a "hit list" of British Jews in response to Israel's ongoing military operation in Gaza.[18] The threats are alleged to have been made by Glen Jenvey, the source of the original story in The Sun, who posted to a Muslim website under a false identity.[19]

In 2015, Sugar had an estimated fortune of £1.04 billion (US $1.58 billion).[2]

Political involvement

In February 2009, the Evening Standard journalist Andrew Gilligan claimed that Sugar had been approached to be the Labour candidate for Mayor of London in 2012.[20] Sugar subsequently ridiculed the claim in an interview with The Guardian.[21] But, during Prime Minister Gordon Brown's cabinet reshuffle on 5 June 2009, the BBC reported that Sugar would become Lord Sugar and had been offered a job as the government's "Enterprise Champion".[22] On 7 June 2009, Sugar sought to clarify the non-political nature of his appointment. He stated that he would not be joining the government, that the appointment was politically neutral, and that all he wanted to do was help businesses and entrepreneurs.[23]

In August 2014, Sugar was one of 200 public figures who were signatories to a letter to The Guardian expressing their hope that Scotland would vote to remain part of the United Kingdom in September's referendum on that issue.[24]

From 1997 until 2015, Sugar was a member of the Labour Party and also one of its largest donors. On 11 May 2015, four days after the United Kingdom general election, 2015, he announced that he was leaving the party. He issued a statement to say:

In the past year I found myself losing confidence in the party due to their negative business policies and general anti-enterprise concepts they were considering if they were elected. I expressed this to the most senior figures in the party several times. I signed on to New Labour in 1997 but more recently, particularly in relation to business, I sensed a policy shift moving back towards what Old Labour stood for. By the start of this year I had made my decision to resign from the party whatever the outcome of the general election.[25]

Before the London mayoral election, 2016, Sugar claimed that he is popular politically,[26] and repeatedly urged the public to not vote for Sadiq Khan.[27][28] Khan won.[29]

For the United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, 2016, he endorsed the "Remain" campaign.[30] In May 2017 Sugar endorsed Theresa May for the United Kingdom general election, 2017.[31]

During a June 2017 radio interview with LBC's Nick Ferrari, Sugar said when asked about the 2017 election results that "it's very, very surprising. I think I'd join a lot of people when I say the Theresa May and Conservative campaign was very lacking in what they were going to offer the public" and that "Jeremy Corbyn did a very good job wooing the young and educated people. I would add that those people who voted for him are quite bright and educated, but also not very experienced in life".[32]

Amstrad

Sugar founded Amstrad (AMS (his initials) Trading) in 1968. The company began as a general importer/exporter and wholesaler, but soon specialised in consumer electronics. By 1970, the first manufacturing venture was underway. He achieved lower production prices by using injection moulding plastics for hi-fi turntable covers, severely undercutting competitors who used vacuum-forming processes. Manufacturing capacity was soon expanded to include the production of audio amplifiers and tuners.

Amstrad's CPC 464 Computer

In 1980, Amstrad was listed on the London Stock Exchange and during the 1980s Amstrad doubled its profit and market value every year.[33] By 1984, recognising the opportunity of the home computer era, Amstrad launched an 8-bit machine, the Amstrad CPC 464. Although the CPC range were attractive machines, with CP/M-capability and a good BASIC interpreter, it had to compete with its arch-rivals, the more graphically complex Commodore 64 and the popular Sinclair ZX Spectrum, not to mention the highly sophisticated BBC Micro. Despite this, three million units were sold worldwide with a long production life of eight years.[34] It inspired an East German version with Z80 clone processors.[35] In 1985, Sugar had another major breakthrough with the launch of the Amstrad PCW 8256 word processor which retailed at over £300, but was still considerably cheaper than rival machines (such as the Apple Macintosh Plus, which retailed at $2599). In 1986 Amstrad bought the rights to the Sinclair computer product line and produced two more ZX Spectrum models in a similar style to their CPC machines. It also developed the PC1512, a PC compatible computer, which became quite popular in Europe[36] and was the first in a line of Amstrad PCs.

In 1988, Stewart Alsop II called Sugar and Jack Tramiel "the world's two leading business-as-war entrepreneurs".[37] At its peak Amstrad achieved a stock market value of £1.2 billion,[38] but the 1990s proved a difficult time for the company. The launch of a range of business PCs was marred by unreliable hard disks (supplied by Seagate), causing high levels of customer dissatisfaction and damaging Amstrad's reputation in the personal computer market, from which it never recovered.[15] Subsequently, Seagate was ordered to pay Amstrad $153 million in damages for lost revenue. This was later reduced by $22 million in an out of court settlement.[39] In the early 1990s, Amstrad began to focus on portable computers rather than desktop computers. Also, in 1990, Amstrad entered the gaming market with the Amstrad GX4000, but it was a commercial failure, largely because there was only a poor selection of games available.[40] Additionally, it was immediately superseded by the Japanese consoles: Mega Drive and Super NES, which both had a much more comprehensive selection of games. In 1993, Amstrad released the PenPad, a PDA, and bought into Betacom and Viglen in order to focus more on telecommunications rather than computers. Amstrad released the first of its combined telephony and e-mail devices, called the e-m@iler, followed by the e-m@ilerplus in 2002, neither of which sold in great volume.[41]

On 31 July 2007, it was announced that broadcaster BSkyB had agreed to buy Amstrad for about £125m.[42] At the time of the takeover, Sugar commented that he wished to play a part in the business, saying: "I turn 60 this year and I have had 40 years of hustling in the business, but now I have to start thinking about my team of loyal staff, many of whom have been with me for many years." On 2 July 2008 it was announced that Sugar was standing down from Amstrad as chairman, to focus on his other business interests.[43]

Tottenham Hotspur

After a take-over battle with Robert Maxwell, Sugar teamed up with Terry Venables and bought Tottenham Hotspur football club in June 1991. Although Sugar's initial investment helped ease the financial troubles the club was suffering at the time, his treatment of Tottenham as a business venture and not a footballing one made him an unpopular figure among the Spurs fans.[44] In Sugar's nine years as chairman, Tottenham Hotspur did not finish in the top six in the league and won just one trophy, the 1999 Football League Cup.

Sugar sacked Venables the night before the 1993 FA Cup Final, a decision which led to Venables appealing to the high courts for reinstatement. A legal battle for the club took place over the summer, which Sugar won (see Re Tottenham Hotspur plc [1994] 1 BCLC 655). The decision to sack Venables angered many of Tottenham fans, and Sugar later said, "I felt as though I'd killed Bambi."[45]

In 1992, he was the only representative of the then big five (Arsenal, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester United and Tottenham) who voted in favour of Sky's bid for Premier League television rights. The other four voted in favour of ITV's bid, as it had promised to show big fives games more often. At the time of the vote, Sugar's company Amstrad was developing satellite dishes for Sky, though Sugar had declared this prior to the vote.

In 1994, Sugar financed the transfers of three stars of the 1994 World Cup: Ilie Dumitrescu, Gica Popescu, and most notably Jürgen Klinsmann, who had an excellent first season in English football, being named Footballer of the Year. Because Spurs had not qualified for the UEFA Cup, Klinsmann decided to invoke an opt-out clause in his contract and left for Bayern Munich in the summer of 1995. Sugar appeared on television holding the last shirt Klinsmann wore for Spurs and said he wouldn't wash his car with it. He referred to foreigners coming into the Premier League at high wages as "Carlos Kickaballs". Klinsmann retaliated by calling Sugar "a man without honour", and said:

"He only ever talks about money. He never talks about the game. I would say there is a big question mark over whether Sugar's heart is in the club and in football. The big question is what he likes more, the business or the football?"[46] Klinsmann re-signed for Tottenham on loan in December 1997.

In October 1998, former Tottenham striker Teddy Sheringham released his autobiography, in which he attacked Sugar as the reason he left Tottenham in 1997. Sheringham said Sugar had accused him of feigning injury during a long spell on the sidelines during the 1993/1994 season. He wrote that Sugar had refused to give him the five-year contract he wanted, as he had not believed Sheringham would still get into the Tottenham team when he was 36. Sheringham returned to Tottenham after his spell at Manchester United and continued to start for the first team until he was released in the summer of 2003, at age 37. Sheringham said that Sugar lacked ambition and was hypocritical. As an example, Sugar asked him for recommendations of players; when Sheringham suggested England midfielder Paul Ince, Sugar refused because he did not want to spend £4 million on a player who would soon be 30. After Sheringham left Spurs, Sugar approved the signing of Les Ferdinand, aged 31, for a club record £6 million, on higher wages than Sheringham had wanted.[47]

Sugar appointed seven managers in his time at Spurs. The first was Peter Shreeves, followed by the dual management team of Doug Livermore and Ray Clemence, former Spurs midfielder Osvaldo Ardiles, and up and coming young manager Gerry Francis. In 1997, Sugar surprised the footballing world by appointing the relatively unknown Swiss manager Christian Gross. Gross lasted 9 months as Spurs finished in 14th place in 1998, and began the next season with just 3 points from their opening three games. Sugar next appointed George Graham, a former player and manager of bitter rivals Arsenal. Despite his earning Tottenham's first trophy in 8 years, the Spurs fans never warmed to Graham, partly because of his Arsenal connections. They disliked the negative, defensive style of football which he had Spurs playing; fans claimed it was not the "Tottenham way".[48]

On February 2001, after speculation and confirmation on 11 December 2000, Sugar sold his majority stake at Tottenham to leisure group ENIC, selling 27% of the club for £22 million.[49] In June 2007, Sugar sold his 12% remaining shares to ENIC for £25 million,[50] ending his 16-year association with the club. He has described his time at Tottenham as "a waste of my life".[51] Sugar later donated £3 million from the proceeds of the sale of his interests in Tottenham Hotspur to the refurbishment of the Hackney Empire in his native East End of London.[52]

Amsair

Amsair Executive Aviation was founded in 1993, and is run by Sugar's son Daniel Patrick. As with Amstrad, the name Amsair is an acronym taken from the initials of Sugar's name "Alan Michael Sugar Air." Amsair operates a large Cessna fleet, and one Embraer Legacy 650 with the registration G-SUGA, offering business and executive jet charters.[53]

Amsprop

Amsprop is an investment firm owned by Sugar and is now controlled by his son Daniel Patrick.[54]

Simon Ambrose, winner of the 2007 series of The Apprentice, started working for Amsprop Estates after the series finished. However, in April 2010, he was reported to be leaving to start his own venture.[55]

Viglen Ltd

Sugar was the owner (and Chairman of the board) of Viglen Ltd, an IT services provider catering primarily to the education and public sector. He resigned his position on 1 July 2009. Following the sale of Amstrad PLC to BSkyB, Viglen is now Sugar's sole IT establishment.[56]

Amscreen

Sugar is Chairman of Amscreen, a company run by his eldest son Simon Sugar, specialising in selling advertising space on digital signage screens that it provides to retailers, medical centres and leisure venues. Apprentice winner Yasmina Siadatan worked there, selling into the NHS.[57]

The screens use a Face detection system called OptimEyes to try to identify age and sex of its viewers[58]

In July 2008, Amscreen purchased Comtech M2M, which was founded in September 1992, originally specialising in communications product retailing. This was before entering the M2M market in 1999.[59] On 29 August 2008, Comtech M2M officially changed names to Amscreen Limited.

YouView

On 7 March 2011, Sugar replaced Kip Meek on the board of the BBC initiated IPTV project known as YouView (formerly known as Project Canvas) which is also backed by ITV, Channel 4 and Channel 5 and broadband providers including BT and TalkTalk.[60] Sugar was paid £500,000 for chairing YouView for the year ending March 2012.[61]

Television appearances

The Apprentice

Sugar became the star of the BBC reality show The Apprentice which has had one series broadcast each year from 2005, in the same role as Donald Trump in the US version. Sugar fires a candidate each week until one candidate is left, who is then employed in his company or (since the 2011 series) wins a partnership with Sugar, including his investment of £250,000 to establish their own business.

As a condition for appearing in the third series, Sugar placed a requirement that the show be more business-oriented rather than just entertainment and that he should be portrayed in a less harsh light, to counter his somewhat belligerent reputation.[62] He also expressed a desire that the caliber of the candidates should be higher than those who had appeared in the second series (who had come across as manifestly lackluster) and that the motives of the candidates for participating are scrutinised more carefully, given that certain of the candidates in previous series had used their successful experience in the show as a springboard to advance their own careers (as occurred with Michelle Dewberry, the winner of the second series, who left Amstrad's employment only 8 months after taking up the job). In September 2013, Sugar lost his Employment tribunal counter-claim against Stella English, the 2010 winner of The Apprentice.[63]

Sugar has criticised the US version of The Apprentice because "they've made the fatal error of trying to change things just for the sake of it and it backfired."[64]

Young Apprentice

Young Apprentice (Junior Apprentice in series 1) is a British reality television programme in which a group of twelve young people, aged 16 and 17, compete to win a £25,000 prize from Sugar. The six-part series began on BBC One and BBC HD on Wednesday, 12 May 2010, concluding on Thursday, 10 June of the same year, and also featured Nick Hewer and Karren Brady as Sugar's advisors. Karren Brady made her debut on Junior Apprentice, because it aired before she appeared on the adult version. The programme concluded with Sugar awarding the prize fund to 17-year-old Arjun Rajyagor and Tim Ankers finished in second place.

The second series started in October 2011, and this time featured eight episodes and twelve contestants. The series was won by Zara Brownless, with James McCullough as runner-up.

Originally proposed in March 2008 and confirmed in June 2009, Junior Apprentice received mostly positive reviews from critics. The programme is a spin-off from the series The Apprentice, which was in turn spawned from an American series of the same name, which stars the entrepreneur Donald Trump. Sugar's role under Gordon Brown's government sparked a debate over the BBC's political impartiality regulations in the run-up to the UK 2010 election, resulting in both Junior Apprentice and the sixth regular edition of The Apprentice being delayed.[65]

Other appearances

In May 2008, Sugar made an appearance on An Audience Without Jeremy Beadle to pay tribute to Jeremy Beadle as they were close friends and both appeared on a celebrity special of Who Wants To Be A Millionaire? in 2005.[66]

In January 2009, Fiona Bruce presented a BBC Two documentary entitled The Real Sir Alan.[11] Also in 2009, Sugar appeared in television advertisements for investment bank NS&I and The Learning and Skills Council talking about apprenticeships.

In May 2011, Sugar presented Lord Sugar Tackles Football, a documentary looking into the financial woes of English football.[67]

In September 2012, Sugar appeared as himself in a cameo in the Doctor Who episode "The Power of Three". [68] Sugar's cameo was filmed on the set of The Apprentice.

In November 2012, Sugar appeared as himself in a cameo in a special episode of EastEnders for Children in Need.[69]

Honours and philanthropy

Sugar was knighted in the 2000 New Year Honours "for services to the Home Computer and Electronics Industry".[70][71][72] He holds two honorary Doctorates of Science, awarded in 1988 by City University and in 2005 by Brunel University.[73] He is a philanthropist for charities such as Jewish Care and Great Ormond Street Hospital, and donated £200,000 to the British Labour Party in 2001.[74] Sugar was created a life peer as Baron Sugar, of Clapton in the London Borough of Hackney on 20 July 2009.[75][76] On 29 October 2015, Sugar was listed by UK-based company Richtopia at number 5 in the list of 100 Most Influential British Entrepreneurs.[77] In 2017 he ranked no.1 in the Essex Power 100 list and was named the most powerful person in Essex.[78]

Controversy

Sex discrimination law

Sugar has been accused of having an "outdated" attitude towards women.[79] Regarding the 1970s UK law which states that it is discriminatory and hence illegal for women to be asked at interview whether they plan to have children,[80] Sugar is quoted as saying, "These laws are counter-productive for women, that's the bottom line. You're not allowed to ask, so it's easy – just don't employ them. It will get harder to get a job as a woman."[81]

Bullying

Concerns have been raised by anti-bullying charity Kidscape that "publicly humiliating" contestants on The Apprentice may give bullying credibility.[82]

Tweets

In January 2012, on the second day of the trial of Lord Taylor of Warwick for false accounting, Sugar was ordered by Mr Justice Saunders, sitting in the Crown Court at Southwark, to remove a tweet which the court ruled could prejudice the trial. He was also referred to Her Majesty's Attorney General in relation to a possible contempt of court. However, no action was taken against him.[83]

On 6 October 2013, Sugar was investigated by police after a complaint was made that one of his tweets was racist. The message contained a photo of a child apparently of Chinese origin crying, along with the caption, "The kid in the middle is upset because he was told off for leaving the production line of the iPhone 5." The police took no action against him.[84]

On 21 June 2016 after a debate on United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, 2016, he made a tweet about Gisela Stuart, using her maiden name (Gschaider) rather than her married name, and went on to claim that as a German national she shouldn't be telling British people what to do.[85]

On 31 March 2018, after complaints from Labour politicians, Sugar deleted a tweet showing a photoshopped image of Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn in a car with Adolf Hitler. The incident occurred after Corbyn said the party "must do better" in resolving the party's problems with antisemitism.[86] Shadow Chancellor John McDonnell had urged him to "delete and disown" the tweet. Lord Sugar responded that he was "not the originator" and that "There is no smoke without fire in Labour".[87]

On 5 April 2018, Lord Sugar published an ode critical of the UK's Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn.[88][89]

On 20 June 2018, Lord Sugar tweeted a picture of the Senegal national football team edited next to images of fake handbags and sunglasses, claiming that some of the players looked just like hawkers he had encountered in Marbella. He later defended his tweet as a joke before taking it down, after accusations of racism.[90]

See also

References

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  2. 1 2 3 "The Sunday Times - The Rich List". Retrieved 20 October 2016.
  3. ↑ "Lord Sugar". Parliament of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
  4. ↑ Sugar, Alan (11 May 2015). "Resignation Statement". amshold.com. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
  5. ↑ "Let's do the business". The Jewish Chronicle. 14 May 2008. Retrieved 26 August 2014.
  6. ↑ "Sir Alan, you're hired as our rep". The Jewish Chronicle. 19 May 2008. Retrieved 26 August 2014.
  7. ↑ "BSkyB agrees £125m Amstrad deal". BBC News. 31 July 2007. Archived from the original on 15 December 2008. Retrieved 28 January 2009.
  8. ↑ Kranish, Michael (19 January 2017). "A fierce will to win pushed Donald Trump to the top". The Washington Post.
  9. ↑ Beckford, Martin (9 May 2008). "Sir Alan Sugar fails to make top 100 Jews list". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
  10. ↑ "The Lords think I'm a brusque, ignorant cockney", The Daily Telegraph
  11. 1 2 3 The Real Alan Sugar. BBC 2.
  12. ↑ "The Apprentice – The Board". BBC. Archived from the original on 8 April 2007. Retrieved 8 May 2007.
  13. ↑ "Alan sugar bio". Virgin. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 8 May 2007.
  14. ↑ Wollaston, Sam (2009-03-25). "Sam Wollaston meets Sir Alan Sugar, star of The Apprentice". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
  15. 1 2 What You See Is What You Get: My Autobiography – Alan Sugar (2010)
  16. ↑ Woodward, Clair (29 November 2015). "EastEnders' Rita Simons on playing a panto villain: It's weird and tiring but good fun". Daily Express. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
  17. ↑ "Alan Sugar 'survives plane crash'". BBC. 7 July 2008. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
  18. ↑ Leigh Holmwood (24 February 2009). "Alan Sugar sues Sun over terror splash". The Guardian. UK. Archived from the original on 27 February 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2009.
  19. ↑ Leigh Holmwood; Stephen Brook (28 January 2009). "Sun front-page story on 'terror target' Sir Alan Sugar under investigation". The Guardian. UK. Retrieved 26 March 2009.
  20. ↑ Andrew Gilligan (27 February 2009). "Sir Alan Sugar is asked to run for Mayor". The Evening Standard. UK. Archived from the original on 2 March 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2009.
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  22. ↑ Jon Kelly; Justin Parkinson (5 June 2009). "LIVE – Brown fights for his future". BBC. Archived from the original on 6 June 2009. Retrieved 5 June 2009.
  23. ↑ Sugar: I'm not joining government BBC
  24. ↑ "Celebrities' open letter to Scotland – full text and list of signatories". The Guardian. London. 7 August 2014. Retrieved 26 August 2014.
  25. ↑ Lord Sugar: 'Disillusioned' peer quits Labour Party dated 11 May 2015 at bbc.co.uk, accessed 11 May 2015
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  27. ↑ "Lord Sugar launches blistering attack on Sadiq Khan". 24 April 2016. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
  28. ↑ PoliticsHome.com (24 April 2016). "Lord Sugar tells Londoners: Don't vote for Sadiq Khan". Retrieved 20 October 2016.
  29. ↑ "London Mayor and Assembly 2016 election results". BBC News. Retrieved 6 April 2017.
  30. ↑ Catherine Neilan (22 February 2016). "EU referendum: Sugar backs Remain camp over Brexit". cityam.com. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  31. ↑ "Ex-Labour peer Lord Alan Sugar gives backing to Theresa May ahead of next month's General Election". 19 May 2017. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  32. ↑ "Lord Sugar: Corbyn voters 'not experienced in life' and 'didn't know what they voted for'". The Daily Telegraph.
  33. ↑ Sean O'Grady (10 May 2006). "The Big Question: 'The Apprentice' is a hit – but how good a businessman is Sir Alan Sugar?". The Independent. Archived from the original on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 21 January 2011.
  34. ↑ "Amstrad Products Archive". Amstrad. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 1 May 2008.
  35. ↑ Thacker, Kevin (2003). "Meet the Relatives". WACCI. Archived from the original on 4 July 2008. Retrieved 31 July 2008.
  36. ↑ "Amstrad PC 1512". old-computers.com. Archived from the original on 12 July 2008. Retrieved 31 July 2008.
  37. ↑ Alsop, Stewart II (18 January 1988). "WUI: The War Over User Interface" (PDF). P.C. Letter. 4 (2): 1–4.
  38. ↑ Nick Goodway (31 July 2007). "Murdoch tells Sir Alan: 'You're bought'". This is Money. Retrieved 5 June 2010.
  39. ↑ Inc., Seagate Technology,. "Seagate Settles Dispute With Amstrad". Retrieved 20 October 2016.
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  41. ↑ "Amstrad dumps e-m@iler phone". VNUnet. 10 June 2007. Archived from the original on 16 June 2007. Retrieved 10 June 2007.
  42. ↑ "BSkyB agrees £125m Amstrad deal". BBC News. 31 July 2007. Archived from the original on 6 August 2007. Retrieved 31 July 2007.
  43. ↑ "Alan Sugar leaves Amstrad". Retrieved 2 July 2008.
  44. ↑ "Sugar leaves sour taste". BBC. 21 December 2000. Retrieved 28 June 2008.
  45. ↑ "Profile: Sir Alan Sugar". BBC. 31 July 2007. Retrieved 28 June 2008.
  46. ↑ Moore, Glenn (23 December 1997). "Klinsmann and Pleat brought back to rescue Tottenham". The Independent. London. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  47. ↑ Teddy Sheringham, My Autobiography
  48. ↑ "Graham's losing battle". BBC. 16 March 2001. Retrieved 28 June 2008.
  49. ↑ David Conn (21 December 2000). "Spurs await Enic's vision of glory game". The Independent. Archived from the original on 2 February 2009. Retrieved 21 January 2011.
  50. ↑ David Bond (8 May 2007). "Tottenham deal sweet for Sugar". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 21 January 2011.
  51. ↑ Peter Stiff (5 May 2009). "TV's Mr Nasty lands sweet reward as Lord Sugar". The Times. Retrieved 21 January 2011.
  52. ↑ Sugar, Alan (2010). What You See Is What You Get. Pan. p. 299. ISBN 978-0-330-52047-8.
  53. ↑ James, Jill (12 May 2008). "FT REPORT – GLOBAL TRAVELLER 2008: The Executive's View". Amsair Private Jet News. Amsair. Archived from the original on 20 August 2012. Retrieved 30 June 2012.
  54. ↑ "Amstrad boss buys IBM building in £115 million deal". LondonSE1. 28 September 2006. Archived from the original on 6 May 2007. Retrieved 8 June 2007.
  55. ↑ "Apprentice Winner Simon ambrose Leaves Alan Sugar's Firm". BBC News. 13 March 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
  56. ↑ "Sugar comments leave bitter taste". BBC News. 21 March 2006. Retrieved 10 July 2008.
  57. ↑ "Yasmina Siadatan". LinkedIn. Retrieved 28 July 2011.
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  59. ↑ "Comtech M2M Goes To Sir Alan Sugar". dailydooh.com. 20 August 2008. Retrieved 7 October 2015.
  60. ↑ Barnett, Emma (7 March 2011). "Lord Alan Sugar brought on board to 'save ailing YouView'". The Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 9 March 2011. Retrieved 7 March 2011.
  61. ↑ Mark Sweney (7 January 2013). "Lord Sugar paid £500,000 to chair YouView". The Guardian.
  62. ↑ Robb, Stephen (20 March 2007). "Back in Apprentice's firing line". BBC News. Archived from the original on 28 March 2007. Retrieved 27 April 2007.
  63. ↑ "Lord Sugar loses tribunal counter-claim against Apprentice winner". The Independent. 26 September 2013.
  64. ↑ Last, Colleen. "Sir Alan Sugar Speaks". MSN. Archived from the original on 1 April 2007. Retrieved 27 April 2007.
  65. ↑ "website". BBC. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
  66. ↑ "website". BBC News. 30 January 2008. Retrieved 3 November 2011.
  67. ↑ Anthony, Andrew (15 May 2001). "Rewind TV: The Apprentice; Lord Sugar Tackles Football; A Very Dangerous Doctor – review". The Observer. UK. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
  68. ↑ "Lord Sugar and Brian Cox: Who Knew?". BBC. 22 September 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2012.
  69. ↑ "Lord Sugar and EastEnders. Who will be the Walford Apprentice?". BBC. 14 November 2012. Retrieved 14 November 2012.
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  73. ↑ "Honorary Graduate Sir Alan Sugar". Brunel University. Archived from the original on 10 May 2007. Retrieved 24 April 2007.
  74. ↑ "Electoral Commission Register of Donors". The Electoral Commission. Archived from the original on 2 June 2007. Retrieved 14 June 2007.
  75. ↑ Treneman, Ann (20 July 2009). "Apprentice in the Lords: Baron Sugar of Clapton takes his seat". The Times. London. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  76. ↑ "No. 59137". The London Gazette. 24 July 2009. p. 12761.
  77. ↑ "British Entrepreneurs Top 100: From Lord Sugar to Victoria Beckham, These Are the Most Influential Entrepreneurs in the UK". Richtopia. 29 August 2018. Archived from the original on 9 June 2016. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
  78. ↑ "Lord Sugar named most powerful person in Essex, but who else made the list?". ITV. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  79. ↑ McGinty, Stephen (15 February 2008). "Not-so-sweet response to Sugar's 'outdated' remarks on women". The Scotsman. UK. Retrieved 26 May 2009.
  80. ↑ Section 6 of the Act Archived 3 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine. determines general illegality of discrimination against women in obtaining employment.
  81. ↑ Kira Cochrane (1 July 2008). "Now, the backlash". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 5 June 2010.
  82. ↑ "The Apprentice – Show faces bullying allegations". My Park Magazine. 31 March 2008. Archived from the original on 4 April 2008. Retrieved 6 June 2009.
  83. ↑ BBC News, "Judge ordered Lord Sugar to remove expenses 'tweet'", BBC News, (26 May 2011)
  84. ↑ Police probe "racist" Lord Sugar tweet BBC News, 6 August 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
  85. ↑ "Lord Sugar on Twitter". 2016-06-21. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
  86. ↑ "Alan Sugar deletes Corbyn Hitler tweet after backlash". BBC News. 31 March 2018. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  87. ↑ Bennett, Isabel (31 March 2018). "Lord Sugar deletes Corbyn-Hitler tweet after McDonnell appeal". The Guardian. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  88. ↑ "An ode to @jeremycorbyn . Will some of the labour MP's and Lords grow a pair and get him OUT". Twitter. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  89. ↑ "Lord Sugar intensifies attack on 'stud' Jeremy Corbyn with bizarre poem". Sky News. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  90. ↑ Mann, Tanveer (20 June 2018). "Alan Sugar defends 'racist' tweet comparing Senegal team to beach sellers". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 June 2018.

Further reading

  • David Thomas, "Alan Sugar – the Amstrad Story" (1991), paperback ISBN 978-0-330-31900-3.
  • Alan Sugar, "The Apprentice: How to get hired not fired"
  • Alan Sugar, "What You See Is What You Get: My Autobiography" (2010), hardback ISBN 978-0-230-74933-7.
Business positions
Preceded by
Irving Scholar		 Tottenham Hotspur F.C. chairman
1991–2001		 Succeeded by
Daniel Levy
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