Al-Afdal Muhammad

Al-Afdal Muhammad (Arabic: الأفضل محمد‎) was the last Ayyubid governor of Hama, in central Syria, reigning from 1332 to 1341.[1] He was the son and successor of Abu'l-Fida, and a descendant of Saladin's brother Nur ad-Din Shahanshah. After the Mamluk defeat of the Mongols in 1260 at the Battle of Ain Jalut, Hama was restored as a tributary emirate and a succession of Ayyubid rulers of Kurdish origin governed the city. However, al-Afdal incurred the displeasure of his Mamluk overlords and was deposed by them in 1341.[2]

References

  1. ↑ Lane-Poole, 2004, p.79.
  2. ↑ Abu-Lughod and Dumper, 2007, p.163.

Bibliography

  • Abu-Lughod, Janet L.; Dumper, Michael (2007), Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia, ABC-CLIO, ISBN 978-1-57607-919-5
  • Lane-Poole, Stanley (2004), The Mohammedan Dynasties: Chronological and Genealogical Tables with Historical Introductions, Kessinger Publishing, ISBN 978-1-4179-4570-2
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