Admiral of the Narrow Seas

Office of the Admiral of the Narrow Seas
Flag of the Kingdom of England
Reports to Lord High Admiral, Board of Admiralty
Nominator Monarch of England, First Lord of the Admiralty
Appointer Monarch of England
Subject to formal approval by the King-in-Council
Term length Not fixed , (usually for life)
Inaugural holder Vice Admiral Sir Thomas Cotton
Formation 1412-1688

The Admiral of the Narrow Seas also known as the Admiral for the guard of the Narrow Seas [1] was a senior Royal Navy appointment. The post holder was chiefly responsible for the command of the English navy's Narrow Seas Squadron [2] also known as the Eastern Squadron [3] that operated in the two seas which lay between England and Kingdom of France (the English Channel particularly the Straits of Dover) and England and the Spanish Netherlands later the Dutch Republic (the southern North Sea) from 1412 to 1688.[4]. His subordinate units, establishments, and staff were sometimes informally known as the Command of the Narrow Seas.[5]

History

In the fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth centuries the Kingdom of England claimed sovereignty over certain bodies of water close to the British Isles.Two seas those between the Kingdom of France and England (the English Channel particularly the Straits of Dover) and the Spanish Netherlands later the Dutch Republic and England (the southern North Sea). As as a result of England's claim of these territorial waters there was an enforceable requirement placed on any foreign ships passing through the area to acknowledge all English warships. England also exercised control over all fishing within the same waters. Among the most important of navy appointments during these times was the Admiral of the Narrow Seas, his responsibilities were to guard the narrow seas from foreign threats, protect English fishing vessels and enforce English sovereignty over said waters. claims to the narrow seas lasted until the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland agreed to set a new three mile limit along with other European countries in 1822.[6]

Admirals of the Narrow Seas

Incomplete list of post holders included:

  • Vice-Admiral Sir John Pendagrast commanding the Narrow Seas in 1412.[7]
office vacant? 1413-1522

See also

References

Citations

  1. ↑ Keeler, Mary Frear; Cole, Maija Jansson; Bidwell, William B. (1997). Commons Debates 1628. Boydell & Brewer. p. 210. ISBN 9781580460095.
  2. ↑ Winfield, Rif (2010). "Appendices: Appendix 1: English Naval vessels engaged in the action against the Armada 1588". British Warships in the Age of Sail 1603-1714: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Barnsley, England: Seaforth Publishing. p. 285. ISBN 9781783469246.
  3. ↑ Childs, David (2014). Pirate Nation: Elizabeth I and her Royal Sea Rovers. Barnsley, England: Seaforth Publishing. p. 141. ISBN 9781848322943.
  4. ↑ Blanchard, W. O. (September 1951). "The Narrow Seas". Journal of Geography. 50 (6): 221–230. doi:10.1080/00221345108982679. ISSN 0022-1341.
  5. ↑ Humble, Richard (1986). "Four Centuries of Sea Power 1509 to 1919". The rise and fall of the British Navy (1. publ. ed.). London: Macdonald Queen Anne Press. p. 35. ISBN 9780356122274.
  6. ↑ "Narrow Seas - Oxford Reference - in The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea". oxfordreference.com. University of Oxford. doi:10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100223123. Retrieved 7 June 2018.
  7. ↑ Campbell, John (1812). Lives of the British Admirals: Containing Also a New and Accurate Naval History, from the Earliest Periods. London, England: C. J. Barrinton. p. 245.
  8. ↑ Knighton, Dr C. S.; Loades, Professor David (2013). The Navy of Edward VI and Mary I. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 538. ISBN 9781409482406.
  9. ↑ Glasgow, Tom (January 1977). "VICE ADMIRAL WOODHOUSE AND SHIPKEEPING IN THE TUDOR NAVY". The Mariner's Mirror. 63 (3): 253–263. doi:10.1080/00253359.1977.10659032. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
  10. ↑ Loades, D. M.; Loades, Professor of History David (1996). John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, 1504-1553. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press. p. 58. ISBN 9780198201939.
  11. ↑ Knighton, edited by C.S.; Loades, David (2011). The Navy of Edward VI and Mary I. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate for the Navy Records Society. p. 539. ISBN 9781409418474.
  12. ↑ "CHAMBERLAIN, Sir Ralph (by 1523-70 or later), of Shirburn, Oxon. History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. The History of Parliament Trust 1964-2017.
  13. ↑ Knighton, Dr C. S.; Loades, Professor David (2013). The Navy of Edward VI and Mary I. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 558. ISBN 9781409482406.
  14. ↑ Knighton, Dr C. S.; Loades, Professor David (2013). The Navy of Edward VI and Mary I. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 558. ISBN 9781409482406.
  15. ↑ Knighton, Dr C. S.; Loades, Professor David (2013). The Navy of Edward VI and Mary I. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 552. ISBN 9781409482406.
  16. ↑ Knighton, Dr C. S.; Loades, Professor David (2013). The Navy of Edward VI and Mary I. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 552. ISBN 9781409482406.
  17. ↑ Knighton, Dr C. S.; Loades, Professor David (2013). The Navy of Edward VI and Mary I. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 538. ISBN 9781409482406.
  18. ↑ Childs, David (2014). Pirate Nation: Elizabeth I and her Royal Sea Rovers. Barnsley, England: Seaforth Publishing. p. 141. ISBN 9781848322943.
  19. ↑ Nichols, John (2013). John Nichols's The Progresses and Public Processions of Queen Elizabeth: Volume III: 1579 to 1595. Oxford, England: OUP Oxford. p. 419. ISBN 9780199551408.
  20. ↑ Knighton, edited by C.S.; Loades, David (2011). The Navy of Edward VI and Mary I. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate for the Navy Records Society. p. 544. ISBN 9781409418474.
  21. ↑ Laughton, John Knox. "Warde Luke". Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900. Wikisource. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
  22. ↑ "LEVESON, Sir Richard (1570-1605), of Lilleshall Lodge, Salop; Trentham and Parton, Staffs. and Bethnal Green, Mdx. | History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. The History of Parliament Trust 1964-2017. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
  23. ↑ "MANSELL, Sir Robert (c.1569-1656), of Pentney and Norwich, Norf. and Penrice, Glam. History of Parliament Online". historyofparliamentonline.org. Institute of Historical Research, University of London: The History of Parliament Trust 1964-2017. Retrieved 25 June 2018.
  24. ↑ "LEVESON, Sir Richard (1570-1605), of Lilleshall Lodge, Salop; Trentham and Parton, Staffs. and Bethnal Green, Mdx. | History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. The History of Parliament Trust 1964-2017. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
  25. ↑ Keeler, Mary Frear; Cole, Maija Jansson; Bidwell, William B. (1997). Commons Debates 1628. Boydell & Brewer. p. 210. ISBN 9781580460095.
  26. ↑ Stewart, William (2009). Admirals of the World: A Biographical Dictionary, 1500 to the Present. McFarland. p. 210. ISBN 9780786438099.
  27. ↑ "3: from the accession of James 1 to the death of Queen Anne". British Naval Biography: Comprising the Lives of the Most Distinguished Admirals, from Howard to Codrington, with an Outline of the Naval History of England, from the Earliest Period to the Present Time. London, England: Scott, Webster, and Geary. 1840. p. 64.
  28. ↑ "HOWARD, Sir Francis (1585-1651), of Sayes Court, Chertsey and Eastwick House, Great Bookham, Surr. | History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. The History of Parliament Trust 1964-2017. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
  29. ↑ "HOWARD, Sir Francis (1585-1651), of Sayes Court, Chertsey and Eastwick House, Great Bookham, Surr. | History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. The History of Parliament Trust 1964-2017. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
  30. ↑ "Person Page: Sir Henry Mervyn". www.thepeerage.com. The Peerage. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
  31. ↑ Keeler, Mary Frear; Cole, Maija Jansson; Bidwell, William B. (1997). Commons Debates 1628. Boydell & Brewer. p. 210. ISBN 9781580460095.
  32. ↑ Fulton, Thomas Wemyss (2002). The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial Waters, with Special Reference to the Rights of Fishing and the Naval Salute. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. p. 231. ISBN 9781584772323.
  33. ↑ Bruce, John; Hamilton, William Douglas; Lomas, Mrs Sophia Crawford (1865). Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series, of the Reign of Charles I ...: 1635. Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, & Roberts. pp. 54–55.
  34. ↑ Baumber, Michael (1989). General-at-sea : Robert Blake and the seventeenth-century revolution in naval warfare (1. publ. ed.). London: J. Murray. p. 155. ISBN 9780719547065.
  35. ↑ Charnock, John (1794). Biographia navalis; or, Impartial memoirs of the lives ... of officers of the navy of Great Britain from ... 1660. London, England: R. Faulder. p. 31.
  36. ↑ Charnock, John (1794). Biographia navalis; or, Impartial memoirs of the lives ... of officers of the navy of Great Britain from ... 1660. London, England: R. Faulder. p. 33.
  37. ↑ "A declaration of Vice-Admiral John Lavvson commander of the fleet in the narrow seas by authority of Parliament with the commanders of the several ships now with him in the Downes, in order to the removal of the interruption that is put upon the Parliament, the 13th of October last". quod.lib.umich.edu. University of Oxford: reproduced by University of Michigan Ann Arbor, 2009. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
  38. ↑ Luke, John (1958). Tangier at High Tide: The Journal of John Luke, 1670-1673. Librairie Droz. p. 239. ISBN 9782600034678.

Sources

  • Baumber, Michael (1989). General-at-sea : Robert Blake and the seventeenth-century revolution in naval warfare (1. publ. ed.). London: J. Murray. ISBN 9780719547065.
  • Bruce, John; Hamilton, William Douglas; Lomas, Mrs Sophia Crawford (1865). Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series, of the Reign of Charles I ...: 1635. Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, & Roberts.
  • Campbell, John (1812). Lives of the British Admirals: Containing Also a New and Accurate Naval History, from the Earliest Periods. London, England: C. J. Barrinton.
  • Charnock, John (1794). Biographia navalis; or, Impartial memoirs of the lives ... of officers of the navy of Great Britain from ... 1660. London, England: R. Faulder.
  • Childs, David (2014). Pirate Nation: Elizabeth I and her Royal Sea Rovers. Barnsley, England: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 9781848322943
  • Clowes, Sir William Laird; Clowes, William Laird; Markham, Sir Clements Robert (1996). The Royal Navy: A History from the Earliest Times to the Present. Newbury: Chatham Pub. ISBN 9781861760104.
  • Fulton, Thomas Wemyss (2002). The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial Waters, with Special Reference to the Rights of Fishing and the Naval Salute. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. ISBN 9781584772323
  • Keeler, Mary Frear; Cole, Maija Jansson; Bidwell, William B. (1997). Commons Debates 1628. Boydell & Brewer. ISBN 9781580460095
  • Humble, Richard (1986). "Four Centuries of Sea Power 1509 to 1919". The rise and fall of the British Navy (1. publ. ed.). London: Macdonald Queen Anne Press. ISBN 9780356122274
  • Knighton, Dr C. S.; Loades, Professor David (2013). The Navy of Edward VI and Mary I. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 9781409482406.
  • Laughton, John Knox. "Warde Luke". Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900. Wikisource. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
  • Luke, John (1958). Tangier at High Tide: The Journal of John Luke, 1670-1673. Librairie Droz. ISBN 9782600034678.
  • "Narrow Seas - Oxford Reference - in The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea". oxfordreference.com. University of Oxford.
  • Nichols, John (2013). John Nichols's The Progresses and Public Processions of Queen Elizabeth: Volume III: 1579 to 1595. Oxford, England: OUP Oxford. ISBN 9780199551408
  • Stewart, William (2009). Admirals of the World: A Biographical Dictionary, 1500 to the Present. McFarland. ISBN 9780786438099.
  • Winfield, Rif (2010). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1603-1714: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Barnsley, England: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 9781783469246
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