4,4'-Diapophytoene synthase

4,4'-diapophytoene synthase
Identifiers
EC number 2.5.1.96
Databases
IntEnz IntEnz view
BRENDA BRENDA entry
ExPASy NiceZyme view
KEGG KEGG entry
MetaCyc metabolic pathway
PRIAM profile
PDB structures RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum

4,4'-diapophytoene synthase (EC 2.5.1.96, dehydrosqualene synthase, DAP synthase, C30 carotene synthase, CrtM) is an enzyme with systematic name farnesyl-diphosphate:farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase (4,4'-diapophytoene forming).[1][2][3][4] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

2 (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate 4,4'-diapophytoene + 2 diphosphate (overall reaction)
(1a) 2 (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate diphosphate + presqualene diphosphate
(1b) presqualene diphosphate 4,4'-diapophytoene + diphosphate

This enzyme requires Mn2+. It is present in Staphylococcus aureus and some other bacteria such as Heliobacillus sp.

References

  1. ↑ Umeno D, Tobias AV, Arnold FH (December 2002). "Evolution of the C30 carotenoid synthase CrtM for function in a C40 pathway". Journal of Bacteriology. 184 (23): 6690–9. doi:10.1128/jb.184.23.6690-6699.2002. PMC 135437. PMID 12426357.
  2. ↑ Pelz A, Wieland KP, Putzbach K, Hentschel P, Albert K, Götz F (September 2005). "Structure and biosynthesis of staphyloxanthin from Staphylococcus aureus". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (37): 32493–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M505070200. PMID 16020541.
  3. ↑ Ku B, Jeong JC, Mijts BN, Schmidt-Dannert C, Dordick JS (November 2005). "Preparation, characterization, and optimization of an in vitro C30 carotenoid pathway". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 71 (11): 6578–83. doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.6578-6583.2005. PMC 1287715. PMID 16269684.
  4. ↑ Liu CI, Liu GY, Song Y, Yin F, Hensler ME, Jeng WY, Nizet V, Wang AH, Oldfield E (March 2008). "A cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor blocks Staphylococcus aureus virulence". Science. 319 (5868): 1391–4. doi:10.1126/science.1153018. PMC 2747771. PMID 18276850.
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