3548 Eurybates
| Discovery [1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by |
C. J. van Houten I. van Houten-G. Tom Gehrels |
| Discovery site | Palomar Obs. |
| Discovery date | 19 September 1973 |
| Designations | |
| MPC designation | (3548) Eurybates |
| Pronunciation |
/juːrɪˈbeɪtiːz/ yoo-ri-BAY-teez |
Named after |
Eurybates [2] (Greek mythology) |
|
1973 SO · 1954 CB 1957 JX · 1978 EE5 1985 TZ | |
|
Jupiter trojan [1][3][4] Greek [5][6] · Eurybates [6][7] | |
| Orbital characteristics [3] | |
| Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 19.59 yr (7,154 d) |
| Aphelion | 5.6525 AU |
| Perihelion | 4.7317 AU |
| 5.1921 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.0887 |
| 11.83 yr (4,321 d) | |
| 237.34° | |
| 0° 4m 59.88s / day | |
| Inclination | 8.0591° |
| 43.538° | |
| 27.799° | |
| Jupiter MOID | 0.0945 AU |
| TJupiter | 2.9720 |
| Physical characteristics | |
Mean diameter |
63.89±0.30 km[8][9] 68.40±3.92 km[10] 72.08 km (derived)[4] 72.14±4.1 km[11] |
|
8.711±0.009 h[12] 8.73±0.01 h[13] | |
|
0.0491 (derived)[4] 0.052±0.007[8][9] 0.0538±0.007[11] 0.060±0.007[10] | |
|
C (assumed)[4][9] CP [14] B–V = 0.677±0.052[15] V–R = 0.352±0.045[15] V–I = 0.691±0.050[15] | |
|
9.50[10][11] 9.55±0.30[16] 9.6[1][3][4] 9.8[8] | |
|
| |
3548 Eurybates (/juːrɪˈbeɪtiːz/ yoo-ri-BAY-teez), provisional designation 1973 SO, is a carbonaceous Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp and the parent body of the Eurybates family, approximately 68 kilometers (42 miles) in diameter. It is a target to be visited by the Lucy mission in August 2027.[9] Discovered during the second Palomar–Leiden Trojan survey in 1973, it was later named after Eurybates from Greek mythology.[1] The C/P-type asteroid belongs to the 60 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 8.7 hours.[4]
Discovery
Eurybates was discovered on 19 September 1973, by Dutch astronomers Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden, on photographic plates taken by Tom Gehrels at the Palomar Observatory in California, United States. In 1951, it was first observed as 1954 CB at the Goethe Link Observatory, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 22 years prior to its official discovery observation at Palomar.[1] Since the discovery of 588 Achilles by Max Wolf in 1906, more than 7000 Jupiter trojans, with nearly 4600 bodies in the Greek camp, have already been discovered.[5]
Palomar–Leiden Trojan survey
While the discovery date aligns with the second Palomar–Leiden Trojan survey, Eurybates has not received a "T-2" prefixed survey designation, which was assigned for the discoveries made by the fruitful collaboration between the Palomar and Leiden observatories in the 1960s and 1970s. Gehrels used Palomar's Samuel Oschin telescope (also known as the 48-inch Schmidt Telescope), and shipped the photographic plates to Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden Observatory where astrometry was carried out. The trio are credited with the discovery of several thousand asteroids.[17]
Orbit and classification
Eurybates is a dark Jovian asteroid orbiting in the leading Greek camp at Jupiter's L4 Lagrangian point, 60° ahead of the Gas Giant's orbit in a 1:1 resonance (see Trojans in astronomy).[5][6] It orbits the Sun at a distance of 4.7–5.7 AU once every 11 years and 10 months (4,321 days; semi-major axis of 5.19 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 8° with respect to the ecliptic.[3]
Eurybates family
Eurybates is the parent body of the small Eurybates family (005),[6][7] with 218 known members of carbonaceous and/or primitive composition.[14]:23 Only a few families have been identified among the Jovian asteroids; four of them in the Greek camp. This potentially collisional family was first characterized by Jakub Rozehnal and Miroslav Brož in 2011, and further described in 2014.[18][19] Members of this family include the Jupiter trojans (5258) 1989 AU1, 8060 Anius, 9818 Eurymachos, (163189) 2002 EU6, (287577) 2003 FE42 and 360072 Alcimedon.[14]
Physical characteristics
Eurybates has been characterized as a carbonaceous C-type asteroid by both the Lucy mission team and Brian Warner's Lightcurve Data Base.[4][9] The overall spectral type for members of the Eurybates family is that of a C- and P-type.[14]:23
Rotational lightcurves
In May 1992, a rotational lightcurve of Eurybates was obtained from photometric observations by Stefano Mottola and Maria Gonano–Beurer using the now decommissioned ESO 1-metre telescope at La Silla Observatory in northern Chile. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 8.711 hours with a brightness variation of 0.20 magnitude (U=3-).[4][12] In October 2010, photometric observations by American astronomer Robert Stephens at the Goat Mountain Astronomical Research Station (G79) in California gave a concurring period of 8.73 hours and an amplitude of 0.19 magnitude (U=2+).[4][13]
Eurybates has two determined spin axes at (143.0°, −45.0°) and/or (325.0°, –61.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[9]
Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Eurybates measures between 63.89 and 72.14 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.052 and 0.060.[8][10][11] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link agrees with IRAS, and derives an albedo of 0.0491 and a diameter of 72.08 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 9.6.[4]
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Naming
This minor planet was named after Eurybates, the Ancient hero from Greek mythology, who was a herald for the Greek armies during the Trojan War.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 28 April 1991 (M.P.C. 18138).[20]
Lucy mission target
Eurybates is planned to be visited by the Lucy spacecraft which will launch in 2021. The fly by is scheduled for 12 August 2027, and will approach the asteroid to a distance of 1000 kilometers at a velocity of 5.8 kilometers per second and a solar phase angle of 81°.[9] The mission's six targets in chronological order with their flyby dates are:[9][21][22]
- 52246 Donaldjohanson — 20 April 2025: 4 km diameter C-type asteroid in the inner main-belt, member of ~130Myr old Erigone family;
- 3548 Eurybates — 12 August 2027: 64 km diameter C-type Jupiter Trojan in the Greek camp at L4, largest member of the only confirmed disruptive collisional family in the Trojans;
- 15094 Polymele — 15 September 2027: 21 km diameter P-type Trojan at L4, likely collisional fragment;
- 11351 Leucus — 18 April 2028: 34 km diameter D-type slow rotator Trojan at L4;
- 21900 Orus — 11 November 2028: 51 km diameter D-type Trojan at L4;
- 617 Patroclus — 2 March 2033: P-type binary Trojan. The primary, Patroclus, has a mean diameter of 113 km and its companion, Menoetius, has a diameter of 104 km. The pair orbit at a separation of 680 km. The binary resides in the Trojan camp at L5.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 "3548 Eurybates (1973 SO)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
- 1 2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (3548) Eurybates. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 298. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 3548 Eurybates (1973 SO)" (2017-05-26 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "LCDB Data for (3548) Eurybates". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 13 April 2017.
- 1 2 3 "List of Jupiter Trojans". Minor Planet Center. 12 March 2017. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 "Asteroid (3548) Eurybates – Proper elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
- 1 2 "Asteroid 3548 Eurybates". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
- 1 2 3 4 Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Masiero, J. R.; Nugent, C. R. (November 2012). "WISE/NEOWISE Observations of the Jovian Trojan Population: Taxonomy" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 759 (1): 10. arXiv:1209.1549. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759...49G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/759/1/49. Retrieved 9 June 2018. (online catalog)
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Levison, H. F.; Olkin, C.; Noll, K. S.; Marchi, S.; Lucy Team (March 2017). "Lucy: Surveying the Diversity of the Trojan Asteroids: The Fossils of Planet Formation" (PDF). 48th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Bibcode:2017LPI....48.2025L. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 15 June 2018. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
- 1 2 3 4 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
- 1 2 Mottola, Stefano; Di Martino, Mario; Erikson, Anders; Gonano-Beurer, Maria; Carbognani, Albino; Carsenty, Uri; et al. (May 2011). "Rotational Properties of Jupiter Trojans. I. Light Curves of 80 Objects". The Astronomical Journal. 141 (5): 32. Bibcode:2011AJ....141..170M. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/141/5/170. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
- 1 2 Stephens, Robert D. (April 2010). "Trojan Asteroids Observed from GMARS and Santana Observatories: 2009 October - December". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 37 (2): 47–48. Bibcode:2010MPBu...37...47S. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families" (PDF). Asteroids IV: 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. Retrieved 8 June 2018. (online catalog)
- 1 2 3 Hainaut, O. R.; Boehnhardt, H.; Protopapa, S. (October 2012). "Colours of minor bodies in the outer solar system. II. A statistical analysis revisited" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 546: 20. arXiv:1209.1896. Bibcode:2012A&A...546A.115H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219566. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
- ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results" (PDF). Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
- ↑ "Minor Planet Discoverers". Minor Planet Center. 31 May 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2018.
- ↑ Broz, M.; Rozehnal, J. (June 2011). "Eurybates – the only asteroid family among Trojans?" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 414 (1): 565–574. arXiv:1109.1109. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.414..565B. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18420.x. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
- ↑ Rozehnal, J.; Brož, M. (July 2014). "Long-term evolution of asteroid families among Jovian Trojans". Asteroids. Bibcode:2014acm..conf..452R. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
- ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
- ↑ Casey Dreier; Emily Lakdawalla (30 September 2015). "NASA announces five Discovery proposals selected for further study". The Planetary Society. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
- ↑ https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2017/pdf/2025.pdf
External links
- Long-term evolution of asteroid families among Jovian Trojans, Jakub Rozehnal and Miroslav Brož (2014)
- GMARS: Goat Mountain Astronomical Research Station, Riverside Astronomical Society
- Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info)
- Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
- Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
- 3548 Eurybates at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- 3548 Eurybates at the JPL Small-Body Database
