1.1.1.1

1.1.1.1 is a free Domain Name System (DNS) service. The public DNS service and servers are maintained and owned by Cloudflare in partnership with APNIC.[1] The service functions as a recursive name server providing domain name resolution for any host on the Internet. The service was announced on 1 April 2018,[2] and is claimed by Cloudflare to be "the Internet's fastest, privacy-first consumer DNS service".[3]

Service

1.1.1.1 DNS operates recursive name servers for public use at the two following IP addresses:[4] 1.1.1.1 and 1.0.0.1 for IPv4 service, as well as 2606:4700:4700::1111 and 2606:4700:4700::1001, for IPv6 access. The addresses are mapped to the nearest operational server by anycast routing.[5]

The service is also available from the dns4torpnlfs2ifuz2s2yf3fc7rdmsbhm6rw75euj35pac6ap25zgqad.onion (Accessing link help) address for Tor clients.[6]

Criticism and problems

Technological websites noted that by using 1.1.1.1 as the IP address for their service, Cloudflare created problems with existing setups that did not follow internet standards (such as RFC1918). While 1.1.1.1 was not a reserved IP address, it was and is used by many existing routers (mostly those sold by Cisco Systems) and companies for hosting login pages to private networks, exit pages or other purposes, rendering the use of 1.1.1.1 as a manually configured DNS server impossible on those systems.[7][8] Additionally, 1.1.1.1 is blocked on many networks and by multiple ISPs because the simplicity of the address means that it was previously often used for testing purposes and not legitimate use.[7] These previous uses have led to a huge influx of garbage data to Cloudflare's servers.[8]

Cleanup of 1.1.1.1 and 1.0.0.1

The 1.0.0.0/8 IP block was assigned in 2010 to APNIC;[9] before this time it was unassigned space.[10] An unassigned IP space, however is not the same as a reserved IP space for private use (called a Reserved IP address).[11] For example, AT&T has stated they are working on fixing this CPE issue[12] within their CPE hardware.

See also

References

  1. ↑ APNIC Labs enters into a research agreement with Cloudflare, Geoff Huston, APNIC Blog, 2 Apr 2018
  2. ↑ Cloudflare launches 1.1.1.1 DNS service that will speed up your internet The Verge, 1 April 2018
  3. ↑ Announcing 1.1.1.1: the fastest, privacy-first consumer DNS service, Official Cloudflare Blog
  4. ↑ Setting Up 1.1.1.1 Speed
  5. ↑ Introducing DNS Resolver, 1.1.1.1 (not a joke) DNS resolver, 1.1.1.1, is served by Cloudflare’s Global Anycast Network.
  6. ↑ "Introducing DNS Resolver for Tor". Cloudflare. 5 June 2018. Retrieved 1 October 2018.
  7. 1 2 Cherry, Denny (2018-04-05). "5 reasons Cloudflare's roll-out of 1.1.1.1 has been a disaster". Tech Target. Retrieved 2018-04-26.
  8. 1 2 "1.1.1.1: Cloudflare's new DNS attracting 'gigabits per second' of rubbish". ZDNet. 2018-04-04. Retrieved 2018-04-26.
  9. ↑ "1/8 and 27/8 allocated to APNIC". NANOG. 2010-01-21. Retrieved 2018-05-03.
  10. ↑ List of assigned /8 IPv4 address blocks
  11. ↑ Fixing reachability to 1.1.1.1, GLOBALLY!, by Marty Strong, 10 Apr 2018
  12. ↑ Tweet by @billplein, 3 April 2018
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