(35396) 1997 XF11

(35396) 1997 XF11
Discovery [1][2]
Discovered by Spacewatch
Discovery site Kitt Peak National Obs.
Discovery date 6 December 1997
Designations
MPC designation (35396) 1997 XF11
1997 XF11
Apollo · NEO · PHA [3][1]
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 26.84 yr (9,802 days)
Aphelion 2.1409 AU
Perihelion 0.7446 AU
1.4427 AU
Eccentricity 0.4839
1.73 yr (633 days)
233.07°
0° 34m 7.68s / day
Inclination 4.0985°
213.76°
102.92°
Earth MOID 0.0006 AU · 0.2 LD
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
 0.704±0.103 km[4]
0.940±0.480 km[5]
1.39 km (derived)[6]
3.252±0.002 h[7]
3.253±0.002 h[8]
3.2566±0.0002 h[9]
3.25765±0.00005 h[10]
3.259 h[6]
3.2591±0.0025 h[6]
0.18 (assumed)[6]
0.29±0.21[5]
0.7727±0.2436[4]
SMASS = Xk [3] · X [6]
16.66[4] · 16.66±0.40[11] · 16.77[6] · 16.77±0.08[6][12] · 16.9[3] · 17.11±0.22[5]

    (35396) 1997 XF11, provisional designation 1997 XF11, is a kilometer-sized asteroid, classified as near-Earth object, Mars-crosser and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group.[1]

    Description

    Three months after its discovery on December 6, 1997, by James V. Scotti of the University of Arizona's Spacewatch Project, the asteroid was predicted to make an exceptionally close approach to Earth on 28 October 2028. Additional precovery observations of the asteroid from 1990 were quickly found that refined the orbit and it is now known the asteroid will pass the Earth on October 26, 2028, at a distance of 0.0062 AU (930,000 km; 580,000 mi), about 2.4 times the Earth–Moon distance.[13][14][15] During the close approach, the asteroid should peak at about apparent magnitude 8.2,[16] and will be visible in binoculars.[17]

    1997 XF11 measures between 0.7 and 1.4 kilometers in diameter.[6][4][5]

    This asteroid also regularly comes near the large asteroid Pallas.[14]

    IAU Circular

    On 11 March 1998, using a three-month observation arc, a faulty IAU Circular and press information sheet were put out that incorrectly concluded, "that the asteroid was 'virtually certain' to pass within 80% of the distance to the Moon and stood a 'small...not entirely out of the question' possibility of hitting the Earth in 2028."[18] But by 23 December 1997 it should have been clear that XF11 had no reasonable possibility of an Earth impact.[18] Within hours of the announcement independent calculations by Paul Chodas, Don Yeomans, and Karri Muinonen had correctly calculated that the probability of Earth impact was essentially zero, and vastly less than the probability of impact from the as-yet-undiscovered asteroids.[18] Chodas (1999) concurs with Marsden (1999) that there was about 1 chance in a hundred thousand that XF11 could have passed through a keyhole—that is, until the 1990 precovery observations eliminated such possibilities.[19] During the October 2002 close approach, the asteroid was observed by the 70-meter Goldstone radar dish further refining the orbit.[17]

    References

    1. 1 2 3 "35396 (1997 XF11)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
    2. ↑ "MPEC 1997-Y11 : 1997 XF11". IAU Minor Planet Center. 1997-12-23. Retrieved 2012-02-08. (J97X11F)
    3. 1 2 3 4 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 35396 (1997 XF11)" (2017-01-21 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
    4. 1 2 3 4 Masiero, Joseph R.; Nugent, C.; Mainzer, A. K.; Wright, E. L.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; et al. (October 2017). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Three: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos" (PDF). The Astronomical Journal. 154 (4): 10. arXiv:1708.09504. Bibcode:2017AJ....154..168M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa89ec. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
    5. 1 2 3 4 Trilling, David E.; Mommert, Michael; Hora, Joseph; Chesley, Steve; Emery, Joshua; Fazio, Giovanni; et al. (December 2016). "NEOSurvey 1: Initial Results from the Warm Spitzer Exploration Science Survey of Near-Earth Object Properties". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (6): 10. arXiv:1608.03673. Bibcode:2016AJ....152..172T. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/172. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
    6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "LCDB Data for (35396)". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 18 January 2018.
    7. ↑ Martinez, Vicente Mas; Silva, Gonzalo Fornas; Martinez, Angel Flores; Garceran, Alfonso Carreno; Mansego, Enrique Arce; Rodriguez, Pedro Brines; et al. (October 2016). "Lightcurves for Two Near-Earth Asteroids by Asteroids Observers (OBAS) - MPPD: 2016 April-May". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 43 (4): 283–284. Bibcode:2016MPBu...43..283M. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
    8. ↑ Warner, Brian D. (October 2016). "Near-Earth Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at CS3-Palmer Divide Station: 2016 April-July". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 43 (4): 311–319. Bibcode:2016MPBu...43..311W. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
    9. ↑ Slivan, Stephen M.; Bowsher, Emily C.; Chang, Bena W. (December 2002). "Rotation period and spin direction of near-Earth asteroid (35396) 1997 XF11". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 30 (2): 29–30. Bibcode:2003MPBu...30...29S. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
    10. ↑ Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (35396)". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
    11. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
    12. ↑ Pravec, Petr; Harris, Alan W.; Kusnirák, Peter; Galád, Adrián; Hornoch, Kamil (September 2012). "Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations". Icarus. 221 (1): 365–387. Bibcode:2012Icar..221..365P. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.026. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
    13. ↑ Piero Sicoli; Francesco Manca. "Sormano Astronomical Observatory: Table of Next Closest Approaches to the Earth by Asteroids". Astronomical Observatory of Brera. Archived from the original on 1 December 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
    14. 1 2 "NEODyS (35396) 1997XF11 Close Approaches". Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, ITALY. Archived from the original on 2009-04-18. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
    15. ↑ "JPL Close-Approach Data: 35396 (1997 XF11)" (last observation: 2012-02-02; arc: 21.87 years). Retrieved 2012-02-08.
    16. ↑ "1997XF11 Ephemerides for 26 Oct 2028". NEODyS (Near Earth Objects - Dynamic Site). Retrieved 2011-10-16.
    17. 1 2 "Halloween Asteroid". Science@NASA. October 31, 2002. Retrieved 2012-02-09.
    18. 1 2 3 Clark R. Chapman (5 April 1998). "The Asteroid Impact Scare of Mid-March 1998" (last update: 3 September 1998). Southwest Research Institute (SwRI). Retrieved 2012-02-08.
    19. ↑ Clark R. Chapman (19 August 1999). "The AsteroidsComet Impact Hazard". Southwest Research Institute (SwRI). Retrieved 2012-02-09.
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