๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ

Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

From Sanskrit เคงเคฐเฅเคฎ (dharma), from Proto-Indo-European *dสฐer-mos. Cognate to Pali dhamma, Sauraseni Prakrit ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ซ๐‘†๐‘€ซ (dhamma).

Noun

๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ (dhaแนƒma) m

  1. (Buddhism, Hinduism, Girnar, Kalsi) dharma: religious duty; natural law
    • 269 BCE โ€“ 232 BCE, Ashoka, 5th major rock edict at Girnar line 3:
      ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ๐‘€˜๐‘€ญ๐‘€ก๐‘‚๐‘€ฆ ๐‘€ช๐‘‚๐‘€ญ๐‘€บ๐‘€–๐‘„๐‘€ฒ๐‘„ ๐‘€…๐‘€ณ๐‘„ ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ๐‘€–๐‘„๐‘€ฒ๐‘„ ๐‘€ฏ๐‘€บ๐‘€ซ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ฆ๐‘€ค๐‘€ญ๐‘†๐‘€ฒ๐‘€ก๐‘€ธ ๐‘€˜ ๐‘€ณ๐‘€ฒ๐‘†๐‘€ข๐‘€บ ๐‘€ค๐‘€ฒ๐‘€ก๐‘€ธ ๐‘€˜
      dhaแนƒmacaraแน‡ena bherighoso aho dhaแนƒmaghoso vimฤnadarsaแน‡ฤ ca hasti dasaแน‡ฤ ca
      • 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch
        [โ€ฆ] [due to] the practice of morality [by Ashoka], the sound of drums has become the sound of morality, showing the people representations of aerial chariots, representations of elephants, [โ€ฆ]

Alternative forms

Dialectal forms of ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ (โ€œdharmaโ€)
Variety Location Forms
Central Kalsi ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ (dhaแนƒma), ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ซ (dhama)
Delhi-Topra ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ (dhaแนƒma)
Lauriya-Araraj ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ซ (dhama)
Bairat ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ (dhaแนƒma)
East Dhauli ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ (dhaแนƒma)
Jaugada ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ (dhaแนƒma)
Northwest Shahbazgarhi ๐จข๐จฟ๐จช๐จจ (dhrama)
Mansehra ๐จข๐จจ (dhama), ๐จข๐จฟ๐จช๐จจ less common (dhrama)
West Girnar ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ (dhaแนƒma), ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ซ (dhama)
South Brahmagiri ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ (dhaแนƒma)
Maski ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ซ (dhama)
Map of dialectal forms of ๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ (โ€œdharmaโ€)
๐‘€ฅ๐‘€๐‘€ซ (dhaแนƒma) (7)
๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ซ (dhama) (4)
๐จข๐จฟ๐จช๐จจโ€Ž (dhrama) (2)
๐จข๐จจโ€Ž (dhama) (1)

References

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