적다
Korean
Etymology 1
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 젹다 (cyekta).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[ˈt͡ɕɘːk̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[적:따]
|
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 적다 (jeokda)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 적 (jeok) |
| Stem 2 | 적어 (jeogeo) |
| Stem 3 | 적으 (jeogeu) |
| Conjugation type | Consonant-stem, regular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 적다 jeokda |
적어 jeogeo |
적어요 jeogeoyo |
적습니다 jeokseumnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 적었다 jeogeotda |
적었어 jeogeosseo |
적었어요 jeogeosseoyo |
적었습니다 jeogeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 적으냐 jeogeunya |
적어 jeogeo |
적어요 jeogeoyo |
적습니까 jeokseumnikka |
| Past | 적었냐 jeogeonnya |
적었어 jeogeosseo |
적었어요 jeogeosseoyo |
적었습니까 jeogeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 적겠다 jeokgetda | 적겠어 jeokgesseo | 적겠어요 jeokgesseoyo | 적겠습니다 jeokgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 적어 jeogeo | 적어서 jeogeoseo | 적으니 jeogeuni | 적으니까 jeogeunikka | |
| Contrast | 적지만 jeokjiman | 적은데 jeogeunde | 적더니 jeokdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 적고 jeokgo | ||||
| Condition | 적으면 jeogeumyeon | 적어야 jeogeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 적음 jeogeum | 적기 jeokgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 적었음 jeogeosseum | 적었기 jeogeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 적은 jeogeun | |||
| Future | 적을 jeogeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 적으시다 jeogeusida |
적으셔 jeogeusyeo |
적으세요, 적으셔요 jeogeuseyo, jeogeusyeoyo |
적으십니다 jeogeusimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 적으셨다 jeogeusyeotda |
적으셨어 jeogeusyeosseo |
적으셨어요 jeogeusyeosseoyo |
적으셨습니다 jeogeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 적으시냐 jeogeusinya |
적으셔 jeogeusyeo |
적으세요, 적으셔요 jeogeuseyo, jeogeusyeoyo |
적으십니까 jeogeusimnikka |
| Past | 적으셨냐 jeogeusyeonnya |
적으셨어 jeogeusyeosseo |
적으셨어요 jeogeusyeosseoyo |
적으셨습니까 jeogeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 적으시겠다 jeogeusigetda | 적으시겠어 jeogeusigesseo | 적으시겠어요 jeogeusigesseoyo | 적으시겠습니다 jeogeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 적으셔 jeogeusyeo | 적으셔서 jeogeusyeoseo | 적으시니 jeogeusini | 적으시니까 jeogeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 적으시지만 jeogeusijiman | 적으신데 jeogeusinde | 적으시더니 jeogeusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 적으시고 jeogeusigo | ||||
| Condition | 적으시면 jeogeusimyeon | 적으셔야 jeogeusyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 적으심 jeogeusim | 적으시기 jeogeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 적으셨음 jeogeusyeosseum | 적으셨기 jeogeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 적으신 jeogeusin | |||
| Future | 적으실 jeogeusil | ||||
Antonyms
- 많다 (manta, “to be many”)
Related terms
- Ablaut form: 작다 (jakda, “to be small”)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[t͡ɕʌ̹k̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[적따]
|
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 적다 (jeokda)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 적 (jeok) |
| Stem 2 | 적어 (jeogeo) |
| Stem 3 | 적으 (jeogeu) |
| Conjugation type | Consonant-stem, regular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 적는다 jeongneunda |
적어 jeogeo |
적어요 jeogeoyo |
적습니다 jeokseumnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 적었다 jeogeotda |
적었어 jeogeosseo |
적었어요 jeogeosseoyo |
적었습니다 jeogeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 적느냐 jeongneunya |
적어 jeogeo |
적어요 jeogeoyo |
적습니까 jeokseumnikka |
| Past | 적었느냐 jeogeonneunya |
적었어 jeogeosseo |
적었어요 jeogeosseoyo |
적었습니까 jeogeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 적자 jeokja | 적어 jeogeo | 적어요 jeogeoyo | 적읍시다 jeogeupsida | |
| Imperative | 적어라 jeogeora | 적어 jeogeo | 적어요 jeogeoyo | 적읍시오 jeogeupsio | |
| Assertive | 적겠다 jeokgetda | 적겠어 jeokgesseo | 적겠어요 jeokgesseoyo | 적겠습니다 jeokgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 적어 jeogeo | 적어서 jeogeoseo | 적으니 jeogeuni | 적으니까 jeogeunikka | |
| Contrast | 적지만 jeokjiman | 적는데 jeongneunde | 적더니 jeokdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 적고 jeokgo | ||||
| Condition | 적으면 jeogeumyeon | 적어야 jeogeoya | |||
| Motive | 적으려고 jeogeuryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 적음 jeogeum | 적기 jeokgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 적었음 jeogeosseum | 적었기 jeogeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 적은 jeogeun | |||
| Present | 적는 jeongneun | ||||
| Future | 적을 jeogeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 적으신다 jeogeusinda |
적으셔 jeogeusyeo |
적으세요, 적으셔요 jeogeuseyo, jeogeusyeoyo |
적으십니다 jeogeusimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 적으셨다 jeogeusyeotda |
적으셨어 jeogeusyeosseo |
적으셨어요 jeogeusyeosseoyo |
적으셨습니다 jeogeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 적으시느냐 jeogeusineunya |
적으셔 jeogeusyeo |
적으세요, 적으셔요 jeogeuseyo, jeogeusyeoyo |
적으십니까 jeogeusimnikka |
| Past | 적으셨느냐 jeogeusyeonneunya |
적으셨어 jeogeusyeosseo |
적으셨어요 jeogeusyeosseoyo |
적으셨습니까 jeogeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 적으시라 jeogeusira | 적으셔 jeogeusyeo | 적으세요 jeogeuseyo | 적으십시오 jeogeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 적으시겠다 jeogeusigetda | 적으시겠어 jeogeusigesseo | 적으시겠어요 jeogeusigesseoyo | 적으시겠습니다 jeogeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 적으셔 jeogeusyeo | 적으셔서 jeogeusyeoseo | 적으시니 jeogeusini | 적으시니까 jeogeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 적으시지만 jeogeusijiman | 적으시는데 jeogeusineunde | 적으시더니 jeogeusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 적으시고 jeogeusigo | ||||
| Condition | 적으시면 jeogeusimyeon | 적으셔야 jeogeusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 적으시려고 jeogeusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 적으심 jeogeusim | 적으시기 jeogeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 적으셨음 jeogeusyeosseum | 적으셨기 jeogeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 적으신 jeogeusin | |||
| Present | 적으시는 jeogeusineun | ||||
| Future | 적으실 jeogeusil | ||||
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