열다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheonga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 열다 (yelta).

Pronunciation
  • Audio(file)
  • IPA(key)[ˈjɘːɭda̠]
  • Phonetic Hangul[열:다]
Revised Romanization? yeolda
Revised Romanization (translit.)? yeolda
McCune–Reischauer? yŏlda
Yale Romanization? yēlta

Verb

열다 • (yeolda) (infinitive 열어, sequential 여니)

  1. to open
  2. to hold (an event)

Conjugation
    Selected forms of the verb 열다 (yeolda)
Stems
Stem 1 열 (yeol)
Stem 2 열어 (yeoreo)
Stem 3 여 (yeo)
Conjugation type Consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 연다
yeonda		 열어
yeoreo		 열어요
yeoreoyo		 엽니다
yeomnida
Past 열었다
yeoreotda		 열었어
yeoreosseo		 열었어요
yeoreosseoyo		 열었습니다
yeoreotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 여느냐
yeoneunya		 열어
yeoreo		 열어요
yeoreoyo		 엽니까
yeomnikka
Past 열었느냐
yeoreonneunya		 열었어
yeoreosseo		 열었어요
yeoreosseoyo		 열었습니까
yeoreotseumnikka
Hortative 열자
yeolja		열어
yeoreo		열어요
yeoreoyo		엽시다
yeopsida
Imperative 열어라
yeoreora		열어
yeoreo		열어요
yeoreoyo		엽시오
yeopsio
Assertive 열겠다
yeolgetda		열겠어
yeolgesseo		열겠어요
yeolgesseoyo		열겠습니다
yeolgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 열어
yeoreo		열어서
yeoreoseo		여니
yeoni		여니까
yeonikka
Contrast 열지만
yeoljiman		여는데
yeoneunde		열더니
yeoldeoni
Conjunction 열고
yeolgo
Condition 열면
yeolmyeon		열어야
yeoreoya
Motive 열려고
yeollyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 엶
yeom		열기
yeolgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 열었음
yeoreosseum		열었기
yeoreotgi
Determiners Past 연
yeon
Present 여는
yeoneun
Future 열
yeol
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 여신다
yeosinda		 여셔
yeosyeo		 여세요, 여셔요
yeoseyo, yeosyeoyo		 여십니다
yeosimnida
Past 여셨다
yeosyeotda		 여셨어
yeosyeosseo		 여셨어요
yeosyeosseoyo		 여셨습니다
yeosyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 여시느냐
yeosineunya		 여셔
yeosyeo		 여세요, 여셔요
yeoseyo, yeosyeoyo		 여십니까
yeosimnikka
Past 여셨느냐
yeosyeonneunya		 여셨어
yeosyeosseo		 여셨어요
yeosyeosseoyo		 여셨습니까
yeosyeotseumnikka
Imperative 여시라
yeosira		여셔
yeosyeo		여세요
yeoseyo		여십시오
yeosipsio
Assertive 여시겠다
yeosigetda		여시겠어
yeosigesseo		여시겠어요
yeosigesseoyo		여시겠습니다
yeosigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 여셔
yeosyeo		여셔서
yeosyeoseo		여시니
yeosini		여시니까
yeosinikka
Contrast 여시지만
yeosijiman		여시는데
yeosineunde		여시더니
yeosideoni
Conjunction 여시고
yeosigo
Condition 여시면
yeosimyeon		여셔야
yeosyeoya
Motive 여시려고
yeosiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 여심
yeosim		여시기
yeosigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 여셨음
yeosyeosseum		여셨기
yeosyeotgi
Determiners Past 여신
yeosin
Present 여시는
yeosineun
Future 여실
yeosil
  • 열리다 (yeollida, “to become open, to be held”)
  • 닫다 (datda, “to close, to shut”)
  • 잠그다 (jamgeuda, “to lock, to fasten”)

References
  • National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (accessed 2007-06-15), “열다”, in 표준국어대사전‎
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