겹다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheonga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 계우다 (kyeywuta).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key)[ˈkjɘːp̚t͈a̠]
  • Phonetic Hangul[겹:따]
Revised Romanization? gyeopda
Revised Romanization (translit.)? gyeobda
McCune–Reischauer? kyŏpta
Yale Romanization? kyēpqta

Adjective

겹다 • (gyeopda) (irregular, infinitive 겨워, sequential 겨우니)

  1. (of task, situation, etc.) to be too much (for someone); to be excessive; to be beyond one's capacity
  2. (of a person) to be overwhelmed (with emotion); to be beyond restraint; to be uncontrollable
  3. (of season, time) to have already passed

Derived terms

Conjugation
    Selected forms of the adjective 겹다 (gyeopda)
Stems
Stem 1 겹 (gyeop)
Stem 2 겨워 (gyeowo)
Stem 3 겨우 (gyeou)
Conjugation type Consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 겹다
gyeopda		 겨워
gyeowo		 겨워요
gyeowoyo		 겹습니다
gyeopseumnida
Past 겨웠다
gyeowotda		 겨웠어
gyeowosseo		 겨웠어요
gyeowosseoyo		 겨웠습니다
gyeowotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 겨우냐
gyeounya		 겨워
gyeowo		 겨워요
gyeowoyo		 겹습니까
gyeopseumnikka
Past 겨웠냐
gyeowonnya		 겨웠어
gyeowosseo		 겨웠어요
gyeowosseoyo		 겨웠습니까
gyeowotseumnikka
Assertive 겹겠다
gyeopgetda		겹겠어
gyeopgesseo		겹겠어요
gyeopgesseoyo		겹겠습니다
gyeopgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 겨워
gyeowo		겨워서
gyeowoseo		겨우니
gyeouni		겨우니까
gyeounikka
Contrast 겹지만
gyeopjiman		겨운데
gyeounde		겹더니
gyeopdeoni
Conjunction 겹고
gyeopgo
Condition 겨우면
gyeoumyeon		겨워야
gyeowoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 겨움
gyeoum		겹기
gyeopgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 겨웠음
gyeowosseum		겨웠기
gyeowotgi
Determiners Present 겨운
gyeoun
Future 겨울
gyeoul


Sentence-final forms with honorific
Plain (해라체) Informal (해체) Polite (해요체) Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 겨우시다
gyeousida		 겨우셔
gyeousyeo		 겨우세요, 겨우셔요
gyeouseyo, gyeousyeoyo		 겨우십니다
gyeousimnida
Past 겨우셨다
gyeousyeotda		 겨우셨어
gyeousyeosseo		 겨우셨어요
gyeousyeosseoyo		 겨우셨습니다
gyeousyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 겨우시냐
gyeousinya		 겨우셔
gyeousyeo		 겨우세요, 겨우셔요
gyeouseyo, gyeousyeoyo		 겨우십니까
gyeousimnikka
Past 겨우셨냐
gyeousyeonnya		 겨우셨어
gyeousyeosseo		 겨우셨어요
gyeousyeosseoyo		 겨우셨습니까
gyeousyeotseumnikka
Assertive 겨우시겠다
gyeousigetda		겨우시겠어
gyeousigesseo		겨우시겠어요
gyeousigesseoyo		겨우시겠습니다
gyeousigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 겨우셔
gyeousyeo		겨우셔서
gyeousyeoseo		겨우시니
gyeousini		겨우시니까
gyeousinikka
Contrast 겨우시지만
gyeousijiman		겨우신데
gyeousinde		겨우시더니
gyeousideoni
Conjunction 겨우시고
gyeousigo
Condition 겨우시면
gyeousimyeon		겨우셔야
gyeousyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 겨우심
gyeousim		겨우시기
gyeousigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 겨우셨음
gyeousyeosseum		겨우셨기
gyeousyeotgi
Determiners Present 겨우신
gyeousin
Future 겨우실
gyeousil
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