ꜥꜣ

Egyptian

Etymology 1

Adverb

  1. here
  2. (less common) there
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥꜣ  

ꜥꜣ ꜥꜣy
See also
Old Egyptian demonstratives
determiners pronouns1 adverbs
number singular dual plural unmarked
gender masculine feminine masculine feminine masculine feminine unmarked
proximal to speaker pn
 tn, jtn
 jpnj
 jptnj
 jpn
 jptn
 nn
 —
distal pf
 tf
 jpfj
 jptfj
 jpf
 jptf
 nf
 —
proximal to spoken of pj, pw, py, p
 tj, tw, jtw
 jpwj
 jptwj
 jpw
 jptw
 nw
 —
vocative pꜣ
 tꜣ
 —
 —
 —
 —
 nꜣ
 ꜥꜣ
  1. Unmarked for number and gender, but treated syntactically as masculine plurals when used with participles and relative forms, and as feminine singulars when referred to by resumptive pronouns.
Middle Egyptian demonstratives
determiners and pronouns adverbs
number singular plural1
gender masculine feminine unmarked
proximal pn
 tn
 nn
 ꜥn
distal pf, pfꜣ
 tf, tfꜣ
 nf, nfꜣ
 ꜥf
‘copula’; vocative pw, pwy
 tw, twy
 nw
 —
anaphoric pꜣ
 tꜣ
 nꜣ
 ꜥꜣ
  1. Joined by n(j) to nouns they modify.
Late Egyptian demonstratives and articles
masculine feminine plural adverb
pronoun pꜣw
 dj
determiners and pronouns pꜣj
 tꜣj
 nꜣj
possessive determiners (used with suffix pronouns) pꜣy
 tꜣy
 nꜣy
relational pronouns (‘possessive prefixes’) p-n, pꜣ
 t-nt, tꜣ
 nꜣyw, nꜣ
definite articles pꜣ
 tꜣ
 nꜣ1
indefinite articles wꜥ1
 nhꜣy1
  1. Originally joined by n(j) to nouns they modify; later without it.

Etymology 2

perfective active participle of ꜥꜣj (“to be great”)

Pronunciation
 

Adjective

  1. big
  2. great, important
    • 12th Dynasty, The Stela of Nakhti, BM EA 143:


      wsjr nb ḏdw nṯr ꜥꜣ […]
      Osiris, Lord of Djedu, the great god […]
Inflection
Declension of ꜥꜣ (perfective active participle)
masculine feminine
singular ꜥꜣ
 ꜥꜣt
dual ꜥꜣwj
 ꜥꜣtj
plural ꜥꜣw
 ꜥꜣwt1, ꜥꜣt2
  1. Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun.
  2. From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural.
    In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥꜣ  
ꜥꜣ
Synonyms
Derived terms

Noun

 m

  1. greatness
Inflection
Declension of ꜥꜣ (masculine)
singular ꜥꜣ
dual ꜥꜣwj
plural ꜥꜣw
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥꜣ  
ꜥꜣ
Derived terms
  • m ꜥꜣ (“boastfully”)

Etymology 3

Possibly onomatopoeic, from the animal’s cry (hee-haw).

Pronunciation

Noun

 m

  1. ass, donkey
Inflection
Declension of ꜥꜣ (masculine)
singular ꜥꜣ
dual ꜥꜣwj
plural ꜥꜣw
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥꜣ  
ꜥꜣ
Derived terms
Descendants

Etymology 4

Noun


 m

  1. doorleaf, single door
  2. (in the dual) double door
Inflection
Declension of ꜥꜣ (masculine)
singular ꜥꜣ
dual ꜥꜣwj
plural ꜥꜣw
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥꜣ  



ꜥꜣ ꜥꜣ ꜥꜣ ꜥꜣ ꜥꜣ
Derived terms

Etymology 5

Noun


 m

  1. column, pillar
  2. part of a ship (the mast?)
Inflection
Declension of ꜥꜣ (masculine)
singular ꜥꜣ
dual ꜥꜣwj
plural ꜥꜣw
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥꜣ  
ꜥꜣ

References
  1. Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 57
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 41
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 457.
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