經驗

See also: 経験 and 经验

Chinese

		classics; sacred book; pass through classics; sacred book; pass through; to undergo; scripture	to examine; to test; to check
trad. (經驗)		經	驗
simp. (经验)		经	验

Etymology

Attestable in Classical Chinese. Popularised from Japanese 經 (けい)驗 (けん) (keiken).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīngyàn

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ging¹ jim⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kîn-ngiam
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): keng-giām

(Teochew, Peng'im): gêng¹ ngiam⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Pinyin: jīngyàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥㄧㄢˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingyann
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ i̯ɛn⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    經驗／经验
    驚豔／惊艳
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ging¹ jim⁶
  - Yale: gīng yihm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ging¹ jim⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ging¹ yim⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /kɪŋ⁵⁵ jiːm²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîn-ngiam
  - Hakka Romanization System: gin´ ngiam
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gin¹ ngiam⁴
  - IPA: /kin²⁴⁻¹¹ ɲi̯am⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng-giām
  - Tâi-lô: king-giām
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kenggiam
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² giam²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ³³ giam⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² giam²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ giam³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ giam³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gêng¹ ngiam⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keng ngiām
  - IPA ^(key): /keŋ³³⁻²³ ŋiam¹¹/

Noun

經驗

experience
豐富的經驗 / 丰富的经验 ― fēngfù de jīngyàn ― extensive experience

丟人經驗 / 丢人经验 ― diūrén jīngyàn ― embarrassing experience

楓橋經驗 / 枫桥经验 ― fēngqiáo jīngyàn ― Fengqiao Experience (a method from the Cultural Revolution for using massed groups of citizens to monitor and reform those who are labeled as “class enemies”)

你之前的工作經驗 [MSC, trad.]
你之前的工作经验 [MSC, simp.]
nǐ zhīqián de gōngzuò jīngyàn [Pinyin]
your previous job experience

Verb

經驗

to experience; to go through

Derived terms

經驗主義／经验主义 (jīngyànzhǔyì)

經驗論／经验论 (jīngyànlùn)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (經驗):

→ Japanese: 経 (けい)験 (けん) (keiken)
→ Korean: 경험 (經驗, gyeongheom)
→ Vietnamese: kinh nghiệm (經驗)

See also

感到 (gǎndào)
感受 (gǎnshòu)
受到 (shòudào)
經歷／经历 (jīnglì)
接受 (jiēshòu)
體會／体会 (tǐhuì)
體驗／体验 (tǐyàn)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
經	驗
けい Hyōgaiji	けん Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Noun

經驗 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 経験, hiragana けいけん, rōmaji keiken)

Kyūjitai form of 経験: experience (an experience or one's (overall) experience)

Verb

經驗する (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 経験する, hiragana けいけんする, rōmaji keiken suru)

Kyūjitai form of 経験: to experience

Conjugation

Conjugation of "經驗する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	經驗し	けいけんし	keiken shi
Continuative (連用形)	經驗し	けいけんし	keiken shi
Terminal (終止形)	經驗する	けいけんする	keiken suru
Attributive (連体形)	經驗する	けいけんする	keiken suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	經驗すれ	けいけんすれ	keiken sure
Imperative (命令形)	經驗せよ¹ 經驗しろ²	けいけんせよ¹ けいけんしろ²	keiken seyo¹ keiken shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	經驗される	けいけんされる	keiken sareru
Causative	經驗させる經驗さす	けいけんさせるけいけんさす	keiken saseru keiken sasu
Potential	經驗できる	けいけんできる	keiken dekiru
Volitional	經驗しよう	けいけんしよう	keiken shiyō
Negative	經驗しない	けいけんしない	keiken shinai
Negative continuative	經驗せず	けいけんせず	keiken sezu
Formal	經驗します	けいけんします	keiken shimasu
Perfective	經驗した	けいけんした	keiken shita
Conjunctive	經驗して	けいけんして	keiken shite
Hypothetical conditional	經驗すれば	けいけんすれば	keiken sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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