波那娑

Chinese

phonetic
simp. and trad.
(波那娑)
variant forms 波那沙
婆那娑
半橠娑
半娜娑

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पनस (panasa, breadfruit; jackfruit), पणस (paṇasa, jackfruit), perhaps a Dravidian loan. Compare Pali panasa (breadfruit; jackfruit), Hindi पनस (panas, jackfruit), Marathi फणस (phaṇas, jackfruit), Telugu పనస (panasa, jackfruit), Tamil பலா (palā, jackfruit).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/3 1/2
Initial () (1) (8) (16)
Final () (95) (94) (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Open Open
Division () I I I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/puɑ/ /nɑ/ /sɑ/
Pan
Wuyun
/puɑ/ /nɑ/ /sɑ/
Shao
Rongfen
/puɑ/ /nɑ/ /sɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pwa/ /na/ /sa/
Li
Rong
/puɑ/ /nɑ/ /sɑ/
Wang
Li
/puɑ/ /nɑ/ /sɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/puɑ/ /nɑ/ /sɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
nuó suō

Noun

波那娑

  1. (archaic) jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 菠蘿蜜 (“jackfruit”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 波那娑, 婆那娑, 波那沙, 半橠娑, 半娜娑
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 菠蘿蜜
Taxonomic name 菠蘿蜜
Mandarin Beijing 菠蘿蜜
Taiwan 菠蘿蜜
Liuzhou 木菠蘿
Cantonese Guangzhou 菠蘿蜜, 大樹菠蘿, 木菠蘿
Hong Kong 大樹菠蘿
Nanning 木菠蘿, 樹菠蘿
Wuzhou 木菠蘿
Yulin 木菠蘿
Hepu 木菠蘿
Kuala Lumpur mangka
Ho Chi Minh City 菠蘿蜜
Hakka Senai mangka
Min Nan Penang mangka
Singapore mangka
Johor Bahru mangka
Wenchang 包蜜
Haikou 包蜜
Leizhou 包蘿
Pinghua Nanning 木菠蘿
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